ISO 16923:2016
(Main)Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG stations for fuelling vehicles
Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG stations for fuelling vehicles
ISO 16923:2016 covers the design, construction, operation, inspection and maintenance of stations for fuelling compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices. ISO 16923:2016 also applies to portions of a fuelling station where natural gas is in a gaseous state and dispensing CNG derived from liquefied natural gas (LCNG) according to ISO 16924. ISO 16923:2016 applies to fuelling stations supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable gas composition regulations or ISO 13686. It also applies to other gases meeting these requirements including biomethane, upgraded coal-bed methane (CBM) and gas supplies coming from LNG vaporization (on-site or off-site). ISO 16923:2016 includes all equipment for downstream gas supply connection (i.e. point of separation between the CNG fuelling station piping and the pipeline network). Fuelling station nozzles are not defined in this document. ISO 16923:2016 covers fuelling stations with the following characteristics: - slow fill; - fast fill; - private access; - public access (self-service or assisted); - fuelling stations with fixed storage; - fuelling stations with mobile storage (daughter station); - multi-fuel stations. ISO 16923:2016 is not applicable to domestic CNG fuelling devices without buffer storage. NOTE ISO 16923:2016 is based on the condition that the gas entering the fuelling station is odorized. For unodorized gas fuelling stations, additional safety requirements are included in Clause 10.
Stations-service de gaz naturel — Stations GNC pour le ravitaillement de véhicules
L'ISO 16923:2016 traite de la conception, la construction, l'exploitation, l'inspection et la maintenance des stations de ravitaillement au gaz naturel comprimé (GNC) pour véhicules, dont les appareils et les dispositifs de sécurité et de contrôle. L'ISO 16923:2016 s'applique également aux parties d'une station-service où le gaz naturel se trouve à l'état gazeux et où le GNC dérivé d'un gaz naturel liquéfié (GNCL) est distribué conformément à l'ISO 16924. L'ISO 16923:2016 s'applique aux stations-service alimentées par gaz naturel tel que défini par les règlements locaux applicables relatifs à la composition des gaz ou par l'ISO 13686. Elle s'applique également à d'autres gaz satisfaisant à ces exigences tels que le biométhane, le méthane de houille (MH) valorisé et les gaz provenant de la vaporisation de GNL (sur ou hors site). L'ISO 16923:2016 couvre tous les appareils en aval de la connexion d'alimentation en gaz (c'est-à-dire le point de séparation entre les conduites de la station-service GNC et le réseau de canalisations). Les pistolets de distribution des stations-service ne sont pas définis dans ce document. L'ISO 16923:2016 comprend les stations-service avec les caractéristiques suivantes: - remplissage lent; - remplissage rapide; - accès privé; - accès public (self-service ou avec assistance); - stations-service avec stockage fixe; - stations-service avec stockage mobile (station secondaire); - stations multi-carburants. L'ISO 16923:2016 ne s'applique pas aux dispositifs domestiques de ravitaillement de GNC sans stockage tampon. NOTE L'ISO 16923:2016 repose sur la condition que les gaz fournis à la station-service sont odorisés. Pour les stations-service utilisant des gaz non odorisés, des exigences de sécurité supplémentaires sont spécifiées à l'Article 10.
Polnilne postaje za oskrbo z zemeljskim plinom - Postaje za oskrbo vozil s stisnjenim zemeljskim plinom
Standard obravnava načrtovanje, gradnjo, delovanje, nadzor in vzdrževanje polnilnih postaj za oskrbo vozil s stisnjenim zemeljskim plinom (CNG), vključno z opremo ter varnostnimi in kontrolnimi napravami. Velja za dele polnilne postaje, kjer je zemeljski plin v plinastem stanju in distribucija zemeljskega plina izhaja iz utekočinjenega zemeljskega plina (LCNG) v skladu z ISO 16924, in za polnilne postaje, oskrbovane z zemeljskim plinom, kot je opredeljen v veljavnih lokalnih predpisih o sestavi plina ali v ISO 13686. Uporablja se tudi za druge pline, ki izpolnjujejo te zahteve, vključno z biometanom, izboljšanim metanom iz premogovnih ležišč (CBM) in zalogami plina iz uplinjanja utekočinjenega zemeljskega plina (v obratu ali zunaj njega). Standard ne velja za domače polnilne naprave za stisnjeni zemeljski plin brez začasnega skladiščenja.
Vključuje vso opremo za priključevanje (tj. na točki med cevovodom polnilne postaje stisnjenega zemeljskega plina in plinovodnim omrežjem). Šobe polnilne postaje v tem standardu niso vključene.
Standard vključuje polnilne postaje z naslednjimi značilnostmi:
‒ počasno polnjenje,
‒ hitro polnjenje,
‒ zasebni dostop,
‒ javni dostop (samopostrežni ali z asistenco),
‒ polnilne postaje s fiksnim/stalnim skladiščenjem,
‒ polnilne postaje z mobilnim/premičnim skladiščenjem (hčerinska postaja),
‒ postaje z različnimi vrstami goriva.
OPOMBA: Ta standard temelji na pogoju, da je plin, ki vstopa na polnilno postajo, odoriziran. Za polnilne postaje z neodoriziranim plinom so dodatne varnostne zahteve vključene v točki 10.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2017
Polnilne postaje za oskrbo z zemeljskim plinom - Postaje za oskrbo vozil s
stisnjenim zemeljskim plinom
Natural gas fuelling stations - CNG stations for fuelling vehicles
Stations-service de gaz naturel - Stations GNC pour le ravitaillement de véhicules
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 16923:2016
ICS:
75.200 2SUHPD]DVNODGLãþHQMH Petroleum products and
QDIWHQDIWQLKSURL]YRGRYLQ natural gas handling
]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16923
First edition
2016-12-15
Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG
stations for fuelling vehicles
Stations-service de gaz naturel — Stations GNC pour le ravitaillement
de véhicules
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 8
4.1 Symbols . 8
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 8
5 Risk management . 8
6 General design requirements . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Site layout .10
6.3 Pressure safety relief valves and venting .10
7 Fuel supply to the fuelling station .11
7.1 Supply by pipeline .11
7.2 Supply by mobile storage .11
8 Dryer .12
9 Compressors .12
9.1 General .12
9.2 Instrumentation and control .13
9.3 Crankcase design .13
9.4 Compressor enclosures, buildings and canopies .14
9.5 Underground compressor installations .16
9.6 Hazardous area classification.16
10 Buffer storage .16
11 Dispensers .17
11.1 General requirements .17
11.2 Breakaway devices .17
11.3 Fuelling hose assemblies .18
11.4 Fuelling hoses .19
11.5 Enclosure .19
11.6 Fuelling controls and instrumentation .20
11.7 Electrical systems and interconnections .22
11.8 Documentation .22
12 Gas odorization .22
13 Pipework .23
13.1 General .23
13.2 Buried piping .23
14 Electrical .24
14.1 Labelling .24
14.2 Contact with live parts.24
14.3 Cables .24
14.4 Performance after power fail and restoration .24
14.5 Electrical bonding and grounding .25
15 Instrumentation and control system .25
15.1 Gas detection .25
15.2 Emergency shutdown devices .25
16 Emergency shutdown .26
16.1 Emergency shutdown procedure .26
16.2 Restoration after emergency shutdown .26
17 Indoor fuelling .26
17.1 General .26
17.2 Ventilation .26
17.3 Additional requirements .27
18 Testing and commissioning .27
19 Operation .28
19.1 Fuelling procedures .28
19.2 Safety signs .28
19.3 Training .28
19.4 Emergency response plan .29
19.5 Operations manual .29
20 Inspection and maintenance .29
20.1 Inspection and maintenance program.29
20.2 Maintenance and testing frequency of gas detection .30
Annex A (informative) Examples of hazardous zone classification .31
Annex B (normative) Separation distances .38
Annex C (informative) Fuelling procedures .39
Annex D (informative) Emergency instructions example .40
Annex E (informative) Example of fuelling station periodic inspection and maintenance .41
Bibliography .43
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/PC 252, Natural gas fuelling stations for vehicles.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16923:2016(E)
Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG stations for fuelling
vehicles
1 Scope
This document covers the design, construction, operation, inspection and maintenance of stations for
fuelling compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices.
This document also applies to portions of a fuelling station where natural gas is in a gaseous state and
dispensing CNG derived from liquefied natural gas (LCNG) according to ISO 16924.
This document applies to fuelling stations supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable
gas composition regulations or ISO 13686. It also applies to other gases meeting these requirements
including biomethane, upgraded coal-bed methane (CBM) and gas supplies coming from LNG
vaporization (on-site or off-site).
This document includes all equipment for downstream gas supply connection (i.e. point of separation
between the CNG fuelling station piping and the pipeline network). Fuelling station nozzles are not
defined in this document.
This document covers fuelling stations with the following characteristics:
— slow fill;
— fast fill;
— private access;
— public access (self-service or assisted);
— fuelling stations with fixed storage;
— fuelling stations with mobile storage (daughter station);
— multi-fuel stations.
This document is not applicable to domestic CNG fuelling devices without buffer storage.
NOTE This document is based on the condition that the gas entering the fuelling station is odorized. For
unodorized gas fuelling stations, additional safety requirements are included in Clause 10.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation
ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance tests — Elements of building construction — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 4126-1, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 1: Safety valves
ISO 8580, Rubber and plastics hoses — Determination of ultra-violet resistance under static conditions
ISO 9809-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1 100 MPa
ISO 9809-2, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength greater than or equal to 1 100 MPa
ISO 11119-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
testing —Part 1: Hoop wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
ISO 11119-2, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
testing — Part 2: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l with load-
sharing metal liners
ISO 11119-3, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
testing — Part 3: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450L with non-
load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners
ISO 11439, Gas cylinders — High pressure cylinders for the on-board storage of natural gas as a fuel for
automotive vehicles
ISO 11925-3, Reaction to fire tests — Ignitability of building products subjected to direct impingement of
flame — Part 3: Multi-source test
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13847, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems — Welding of pipelines
ISO 14120, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards
ISO 15500-2, Road vehicles — Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel system components — Part 2:
Performance and general test methods
ISO 15500-17, Road vehicles — Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel system components — Part 17: Flexible
fuel line
ISO 15589-1, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Cathodic protection of pipeline
systems — Part 1: On-land pipelines
ISO 15649, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Piping
IEC 31010, Risk management — Risk assessment techniques
IEC 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 0: General requirements
IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 10-1: Classification of areas — Explosive gas atmospheres
IEC 60079-11, Explosive atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment Protection by Intrinsic Safety “i”
IEC 60079-14, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 14: Electrical installations in
hazardous areas (other than mines)
IEC 60079-25, Explosive atmospheres — Part 25: Intrinsically safe electrical systems
IEC 60204-1, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
assembly
sub-system of fuelling stations comprising several components
3.2
auto-extinguishing
feature of a material that ceases combustion upon removal of flame or ignition source
3.3
biomethane
methane rich gas derived from biogas or from gasification of biomass by upgrading with the properties
similar to natural gas
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.1.1.15]
3.4
bonding
equipotential zone where potentially live exposed metallic parts are electrically connected with at
least one point connected to ground/earth
3.5
breakaway device
coupling which separates at a predetermined section when required and each separated section
contains a self-closing shut-off valve which seals automatically
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 18683:2015, 3.1.3]
3.6
buffer storage
one or more suitable pressure vessels designed for the purpose of storing compressed natural gas
3.7
building
structures, usually enclosed by walls and a roof, constructed to provide support or shelter for an
intended occupancy
3.8
burst pressure
p
b
pressure that causes failure and consequential fluid loss through the component envelope
3.9
canopy
roof, overhead shelter, or hood, that affords a degree of weather protection
3.10
CNG fuelling station
facility at which compressed natural gas is dispensed to vehicles
3.11
competent person
person having the ability, appropriate training, knowledge and experience, to supervise or carry out
the work being undertaken in a safe and proper manner
3.12
compressed natural gas
CNG
natural gas which has been compressed and stored for use as a vehicle fuel
[SOURCE: ISO 15500-1:2000, 3.2]
3.13
compressor
machine that increases the pressure of gas
3.14
conduit
casing, tubing or liner, either metallic or non-metallic
[SOURCE: ISO 14310:2008, 3.6]
3.15
cylinder
pressure vessel used for the storage of compressed natural gas
3.16
cylinder working pressure
settled pressure of a fully filled cylinder at a uniform temperature of 15 °C
3.17
dispenser
equipment through which the fuel is supplied to the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: This equipment can include metering.
3.18
dryer
equipment which decreases the water vapour content (moisture) of natural gas
3.19
enclosure
structure, not being a building or canopy, that encloses a component of the fuelling station
EXAMPLE Housing, container and machine cabinet.
3.20
explosive gas atmosphere
mixture of substances with air, under atmospheric conditions, in the form of gases, vapours, mists or
dusts in which, after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture
[SOURCE: IEC 61340–4-4:2014, 11, 3.4]
3.21
fail-safe
design feature that ensures that safe conditions are maintained in the event of a malfunction of a
control device or an interruption of a supply source
3.22
fast fill
fuelling operation which has a designed flow rate greater than 100 m (N)/h per nozzle
3.23
field piping
piping installed for interconnection between equipment at the site
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
3.24
fire resistant
property that prevents or retards the passage of excessive heat, hot gases or flames under specified
conditions
3.25
fire wall
wall, or separating partition erected to reduce the effects of radiated heat
3.26
fuelling
transfer of fuel from dispenser to the vehicle
3.27
fuelling pressure
pressure at which the fuel is delivered to the vehicle
3.28
fuelling station
facility at which vehicles fuels are dispensed
3.29
grounding
electrical connection of potentially live exposed metallic parts to earth
3.30
hazardous area
area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is present, or can be expected to be present, in quantities
such as to require special precautions for the construction, installation and use of apparatus to prevent
ignition
[SOURCE: IEC 60079–10–1:2008, 3.3]
3.31
hose
pipeline of flexible material with end fittings attached
3.31.1
vent hose
pipeline of flexible material through which natural gas is vented from the fuelling connection at a vehicle
3.31.2
hose assembly
hose or hoses with ancillary components, such as bend restrictors, breakaways and nozzles, attached
3.32
intrinsically safe circuit
circuit in which any spark or thermal effect is incapable of causing ignition of a mixture of flammable or
combustible material in air under specified test conditions
3.33
lower explosive limit
LEL
volume concentration of flammable gas or vapour in air, below which the mixture is not flammable
[SOURCE: ISO 19372:2015, 3.7, modified — “explosive” has been changed to “flammable”.]
3.34
maximum allowable operating pressure
MAOP
maximum pressure that the component or system is subjected to during normal operation
Note 1 to entry: MAOP is typically not greater than 90 % of the maximum allowable working pressure of the
component or system.
3.35
maximum allowable working pressure
MAWP
maximum pressure to which a component or system is designed to be subjected and which is the basis
for determining the strength of the component or system
[SOURCE: ISO 12991:2012, 3.10, modified — “or system” has been added and “under consideration” has
been removed.]
3.36
mobile storage
multi-cylinder or tank fixture mounted on a vehicle or trailer and used for the transportation of natural
gas to CNG fuelling stations
3.37
multi-fuel dispenser
dispenser delivering CNG and other fuels (liquid or gaseous)
3.38
multi-fuel station
fuelling station that can fuel natural gas as well as other fuels, for example diesel, petrol, LPG
3.39
natural gas
complex gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally includes ethane, propane
and higher hydrocarbons, and some non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Note 1 to entry: Natural gas can also contain components or containments such as sulfur compounds and/or
other chemical species.
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.1.1.1]
3.40
non-combustible
not capable of undergoing combustion under specified conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.239]
3.41
normal operation
situation when the equipment is operating within its design parameters
[SOURCE: ISO 16110-1:2007, 3.50]
3.42
non-hazardous area
area in which an explosive gas is not expected to be present in quantities such as to require special
precautions for the construction, installation and use of apparatus
[SOURCE: ISO 16110-1:2007, 3.48]
6 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
3.43
odorant
intensely smelling organic chemical or combination of chemicals added to natural gas at low
concentration and capable of imparting a characteristic and distinctive (usually disagreeable) warning
odor so gas leaks can be detected at concentrations below their lower flammability limit
Note 1 to entry: ISO/TR 16922 gives the specifications and guidelines for the methods to be used in the
odorization of natural gas under a safety point of view and specifies the principles for the odorization technique
(including handling and storage of odorants) and the control of odorization of natural gas.
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.8.1, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.44
odorization
process of introducing odorant(s) into natural gas
3.45
overpressure
condition under which the pressure exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure
3.46
power failure
reduction in power such that any electrical component or sub system (such as flow control) are
operating outside manufacturers specification
3.47
refuelling receptacle
device connected to a vehicle or storage system which receives the CNG refuelling nozzle and
permits safe transfer of fuel
[SOURCE: ISO 14469-1:2004, 3.7]
3.48
separation distance
minimum separation between a hazard source and an object, which is required to mitigate the effect of
a likely foreseeable incident and prevent a minor incident escalating into a larger incident
3.48.1
external separation distance
separation distance between a hazard source and an object situated outside the boundaries of the
fuelling station
3.48.2
internal separation distance
separation distance between a hazard source and an object situated within the boundaries of the
fuelling station
3.49
service duct
enclosed conduit through which gas piping, utility piping, electrical cabling, etc. is routed
3.50
settled pressure
gas pressure when a given settled temperature is reached and there is no gas flow
3.51
settled temperature
uniform gas temperature in the cylinder after the dissipation of any heat caused by fuelling
3.52
slow fill
fuelling operation which has a designed flow rate equal or less than 100 m (N)/h per nozzle
3.53
vault
room or space, typically situated underground
3.54
ventilation
movement of air and its replacement with fresh air due to the effects of wind, temperature gradients, or
artificial means (for example fans or extractors)
3.55
venting
controlled release of natural gas to the atmosphere
3.56
zone
hazardous area classified based upon the frequency of the occurrence and duration of an explosive gas
atmosphere
[SOURCE: IEC 60079-10-1:2015, 3.3.3, modified — “gas” has been added.]
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
p burst pressure
b
p maximum allowable working pressure
MAWP
4.2 Abbreviated terms
CNG compressed natural gas
IS intrinsically safe
ERP emergency response plan
LEL lower explosive limit
MAOP maximum allowable operating pressure
MAWP maximum allowable working pressure
NGV natural gas vehicle
P&I process and instruments
5 Risk management
5.1 Risk assessment shall follow the techniques described in ISO 12100 for assessment of machinery
safety and IEC 31010 for general site risk management, or local applicable standards.
5.2 The CNG fuelling station installation shall be sited to minimize risk to users, operating personnel,
properties, and environment.
5.3 Risk assessment shall include design, construction, operation and maintenance of the CNG fuelling
station. The risk assessment process shall be used to evaluate the consequences of hazardous events and
to determine appropriate means of risk reduction and/or mitigation of consequences.
5.4 Measures to reduce fire and explosion risks shall be applied, including but not limited to:
— prevention of the formation of a flammable or explosive mixture;
8 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
— prevention of static charge build-up;
— avoidance of ignition sources;
— mitigation of the effects of a fire or explosion.
5.5 Protection from ignition in explosive atmospheres shall be by the use of protection systems defined
in the IEC 60079 series where the applicable hazard zones are defined in IEC 60079-10-1.
NOTE Examples of hazardous area classifications are given in Annex A.
6 General design requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 Installation and equipment design shall minimize the number of connections and other possible
points of leakage or release to atmosphere.
6.1.2 Configurations generating the possibility of a confined explosive atmosphere should be avoided.
Fire and explosion risk prevention shall take into account foreseeable malfunctions and misuse.
6.1.3 Underground service ducts routing natural gas pipeline shall not be shared with other services
(e.g. water piping, fuel piping, electrical cabling).
6.1.4 Pressure indication shall be provided such that the pressure on any piping segment can be
determined.
6.1.5 Pressure piping system shall have provision for safe manual depressurization. Depressurization
shall not be performed by opening pipe joints.
6.1.6 The mounting of equipment and supporting foundations shall be designed and constructed to be
suitable for local seismic and geological conditions.
6.1.7 All CNG equipment exposed to the risk of vehicle collision shall be provided with barriers or
other mechanisms to protect the gas equipment from collision damage.
6.1.8 The CNG fuelling station shall be designed to shut down safely in the event of a loss of power.
Restoration of power shall be in accordance with 16.2.
6.1.9 The CNG fuelling station shall include firefighting equipment in accordance with local applicable
regulations.
6.1.10 The CNG fuelling station shall have means of ensuring that oil carryover from the compressor,
dust, water and other contaminants in the gas stream meet the local applicable gas quality standards or
regulations.
6.1.11 All equipment shall be operated within temperature and pressure limits specified by the
manufacturer.
6.1.12 The CNG fuelling station shall be designed while taking into account the specific climatic
conditions of the site location and expected minimum and maximum temperatures.
6.2 Site layout
6.2.1 The CNG fuelling station separation distances shall follow the requirements listed in Annex B.
6.2.2 The CNG fuelling installation shall be designed so that authorized personnel shall have easy
access to and exit from the operating area of the installation at all times.
6.2.3 Adequate means of escape in the case of emergency shall be provided. In cases where authorized
personnel can be trapped inside compounds, there shall be at least two separate outward opening exits,
remote from each other, strategically placed in relation to the hazard considered.
6.2.4 All gates shall open outward or comply with the local fire and building codes. The gates shall be
wide enough to provide for an easy access and exit of authorized personnel. Gates shall not allow entry
without a key during normal operation. Gates shall have access outwards and if equipped with a latch,
shall be equipped on the inside with fast release hardware that can be operated without a key.
6.2.5 Consideration shall be given to the provision of an additional emergency exit where the size of
the fenced area or equipment location necessitates this.
6.2.6 Access to the installation, except for the fuelling area, shall be prevented to all unauthorized
persons. Any security perimeter (fence, walls, etc.) shall be constructed of non-combustible, fire-resistant
or auto-extinguishing materials and be at least 1,5 m high.
6.3 Pressure safety relief valves and venting
6.3.1 Pressure safety relief valves shall be installed in accordance with ISO 4126-1 and the
manufacturer’s instructions.
6.3.2 Vent piping for pressure safety relief valves shall be designed for either the rated capacity of the
relief valve or the maximum determined flow capacity required to limit pressure accumulation within
the restrictions of ISO 4126-1.
6.3.3 The compressor piping system, including inlet, inter-stage, discharge and ancillary piping, shall
be protected from overpressure with pressure safety relief valves. The setting of the pressure safety relief
valve shall be equal to or lower than the maximum allowable working pressure of the piping design.
Pressure safety relief valves shall be in accordance with ISO 4126-1.
6.3.4 Multiple pressure safety relief valves at different set pressures relieving into a common vent
header shall not be subject to pressure accumulation higher than the limit set by the relief valve with the
lowest pressure set point. The vent header shall be designed for the event of simultaneous relief valve
discharge if substantially probable.
6.3.5 Structural steel shall not be used for relief valve venting.
6.3.6 Vent piping shall exit an enclosure or building for safe venting at a minimum of 3 m above ground
level and other working areas or 1 m higher than surrounding buildings within a radius of 5 m whichever
is higher. The axis of discharge flow shall not be directed downward or towards other structures or
equipment within 5 m.
6.3.7 Vent piping shall have provisions to prevent ingress of rain, snow, birds or other vermin. Vent
piping shall have provision for draining of liquids at low points, if necessary.
6.3.8 During normal operation, gas venting to atmosphere shall be restricted to pilot valve operation,
nozzle disconnections and compressor seal or packing venting.
10 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
6.3.9 All parts of a pressure piping system that can be isolated during normal or emergency operation
shall be connected to a safety relief device or valve.
7 Fuel supply to the fuelling station
7.1 Supply by pipeline
7.1.1 The interface between the natural gas pipeline and the fuelling station shall include the following
functions:
— isolation for maintenance and/or for emergency;
— safe relief of pressure and inert gas purging;
— dielectric isolation.
7.1.2 The following functions may also be included:
— pressure regulation;
— filtration;
— metering.
NOTE 1 The interface between the pipeline and the fuelling station is typically located within the fuelling
station boundary and can belong to the gas distribution company. In some cases, the equipment is installed
inside a compressor enclosure.
NOTE 2 The design and sizing of internal piping and equipment need to ensure that the systems meet the
requirements of the gas supply connection specifications (e.g. pulsation).
7.2 Supply by mobile storage
7.2.1 The natural gas delivery and storage area shall be located so that it is readily accessible to mobile
supply equipment at ground level and to authorized personnel. Suitable roadways or other means of
access for emergency equipment, such as fire department apparatus, shall be provided.
7.2.2 Where security fencing or enclosures are used, a minimum clearance of 1 m shall be provided
around the mobile storage to allow unrestricted egress from the area.
7.2.3 The tube trailer or transportable module station area shall be level. Front and rear ends of the
tube trailer or transportable module bays should be kept open. A bump stop or equivalent shall indicate
normal tube trailer or transportable module position.
7.2.4 Tube trailers or transportable modules shall not be stationed outside of the designated trailer
unloading bays.
7.2.5 The fuelling activity shall be fully suspended during the tube trailer or transportable modules
exchange operation unless the exchange can be made without interfering with the safe activities of the
fuelling station.
NOTE A designated temporary tube trailer or transportable modules parking location can be provided for
carrying out tube trailer or transportable modules exchange.
7.2.6 Means to ground tube trailers and transportable modules prior to flexible hose connection shall
be used.
7.2.7 The storage area shall be protected by physical means such as a fence to prevent access of
unauthorized persons. Activities other than those directly related to the natural gas tube trailer and/or
transportable modules operation shall not be permitted in the storage area.
7.2.8 Separation distances shall comply with those given for buffer storage systems. A minimum
clearance of 1 m shall be maintained on all sides of each tube trailer or transportable module.
8 Dryer
8.1 A dryer shall be installed to dehydrate the natural gas, if necessary, to meet the requirements of the
gas quality as defined in the applicable local regulations.
NOTE In this way, moisture does not affect the safe operation of the fuelling station.
8.2 The dryer shall be designed for the operating conditions (flow rate and pressure of gas) found at
the inlet of the dryer and shall have sufficient capacity to remove the moisture that is contained in the gas
and dehydrate it to a level as required by the operating conditions and the ambient conditions (minimum
seasonal temperature). As a minimum, the pressure water dew point of the gas shall be at least 5 °C
below the lowest expected temperature in operation at the maximum operating pressure.
8.3 The natural gas fuelling station shall not reduce the level of odorant in the gas below the level as
described in 12.1.
8.4 A filter shall be installed on the outlet side of the dryer to prevent particles from entering the gas
stream if the dryer type can be expected to add particles to the stream.
NOTE The dryer can be installed upstream or downstream of the compressor. Installation upstream of
the compressor is recommended as it will protect the compressor from liquid water and the dryer will not be
affected by potential oil carryover from the discharge of the compressor.
9 Compressors
9.1 General
9.1.1 A compressor shall be mounted on a structure designed to withstand the dynamic forces exerted
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16923
First edition
2016-12-15
Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG
stations for fuelling vehicles
Stations-service de gaz naturel — Stations GNC pour le ravitaillement
de véhicules
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
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copyright@iso.org
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ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 8
4.1 Symbols . 8
4.2 Abbreviated terms . 8
5 Risk management . 8
6 General design requirements . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Site layout .10
6.3 Pressure safety relief valves and venting .10
7 Fuel supply to the fuelling station .11
7.1 Supply by pipeline .11
7.2 Supply by mobile storage .11
8 Dryer .12
9 Compressors .12
9.1 General .12
9.2 Instrumentation and control .13
9.3 Crankcase design .13
9.4 Compressor enclosures, buildings and canopies .14
9.5 Underground compressor installations .16
9.6 Hazardous area classification.16
10 Buffer storage .16
11 Dispensers .17
11.1 General requirements .17
11.2 Breakaway devices .17
11.3 Fuelling hose assemblies .18
11.4 Fuelling hoses .19
11.5 Enclosure .19
11.6 Fuelling controls and instrumentation .20
11.7 Electrical systems and interconnections .22
11.8 Documentation .22
12 Gas odorization .22
13 Pipework .23
13.1 General .23
13.2 Buried piping .23
14 Electrical .24
14.1 Labelling .24
14.2 Contact with live parts.24
14.3 Cables .24
14.4 Performance after power fail and restoration .24
14.5 Electrical bonding and grounding .25
15 Instrumentation and control system .25
15.1 Gas detection .25
15.2 Emergency shutdown devices .25
16 Emergency shutdown .26
16.1 Emergency shutdown procedure .26
16.2 Restoration after emergency shutdown .26
17 Indoor fuelling .26
17.1 General .26
17.2 Ventilation .26
17.3 Additional requirements .27
18 Testing and commissioning .27
19 Operation .28
19.1 Fuelling procedures .28
19.2 Safety signs .28
19.3 Training .28
19.4 Emergency response plan .29
19.5 Operations manual .29
20 Inspection and maintenance .29
20.1 Inspection and maintenance program.29
20.2 Maintenance and testing frequency of gas detection .30
Annex A (informative) Examples of hazardous zone classification .31
Annex B (normative) Separation distances .38
Annex C (informative) Fuelling procedures .39
Annex D (informative) Emergency instructions example .40
Annex E (informative) Example of fuelling station periodic inspection and maintenance .41
Bibliography .43
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/PC 252, Natural gas fuelling stations for vehicles.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16923:2016(E)
Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG stations for fuelling
vehicles
1 Scope
This document covers the design, construction, operation, inspection and maintenance of stations for
fuelling compressed natural gas (CNG) to vehicles, including equipment, safety and control devices.
This document also applies to portions of a fuelling station where natural gas is in a gaseous state and
dispensing CNG derived from liquefied natural gas (LCNG) according to ISO 16924.
This document applies to fuelling stations supplied with natural gas as defined in local applicable
gas composition regulations or ISO 13686. It also applies to other gases meeting these requirements
including biomethane, upgraded coal-bed methane (CBM) and gas supplies coming from LNG
vaporization (on-site or off-site).
This document includes all equipment for downstream gas supply connection (i.e. point of separation
between the CNG fuelling station piping and the pipeline network). Fuelling station nozzles are not
defined in this document.
This document covers fuelling stations with the following characteristics:
— slow fill;
— fast fill;
— private access;
— public access (self-service or assisted);
— fuelling stations with fixed storage;
— fuelling stations with mobile storage (daughter station);
— multi-fuel stations.
This document is not applicable to domestic CNG fuelling devices without buffer storage.
NOTE This document is based on the condition that the gas entering the fuelling station is odorized. For
unodorized gas fuelling stations, additional safety requirements are included in Clause 10.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads — Part 1: Dimensions, tolerances
and designation
ISO 834-1, Fire-resistance tests — Elements of building construction — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 4126-1, Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure — Part 1: Safety valves
ISO 8580, Rubber and plastics hoses — Determination of ultra-violet resistance under static conditions
ISO 9809-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1 100 MPa
ISO 9809-2, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength greater than or equal to 1 100 MPa
ISO 11119-1, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
testing —Part 1: Hoop wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l
ISO 11119-2, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
testing — Part 2: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450 l with load-
sharing metal liners
ISO 11119-3, Gas cylinders — Refillable composite gas cylinders and tubes — Design, construction and
testing — Part 3: Fully wrapped fibre reinforced composite gas cylinders and tubes up to 450L with non-
load-sharing metallic or non-metallic liners
ISO 11439, Gas cylinders — High pressure cylinders for the on-board storage of natural gas as a fuel for
automotive vehicles
ISO 11925-3, Reaction to fire tests — Ignitability of building products subjected to direct impingement of
flame — Part 3: Multi-source test
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13847, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Pipeline transportation systems — Welding of pipelines
ISO 14120, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards
ISO 15500-2, Road vehicles — Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel system components — Part 2:
Performance and general test methods
ISO 15500-17, Road vehicles — Compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel system components — Part 17: Flexible
fuel line
ISO 15589-1, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Cathodic protection of pipeline
systems — Part 1: On-land pipelines
ISO 15649, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Piping
IEC 31010, Risk management — Risk assessment techniques
IEC 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 0: General requirements
IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 10-1: Classification of areas — Explosive gas atmospheres
IEC 60079-11, Explosive atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment Protection by Intrinsic Safety “i”
IEC 60079-14, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 14: Electrical installations in
hazardous areas (other than mines)
IEC 60079-25, Explosive atmospheres — Part 25: Intrinsically safe electrical systems
IEC 60204-1, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
assembly
sub-system of fuelling stations comprising several components
3.2
auto-extinguishing
feature of a material that ceases combustion upon removal of flame or ignition source
3.3
biomethane
methane rich gas derived from biogas or from gasification of biomass by upgrading with the properties
similar to natural gas
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.1.1.15]
3.4
bonding
equipotential zone where potentially live exposed metallic parts are electrically connected with at
least one point connected to ground/earth
3.5
breakaway device
coupling which separates at a predetermined section when required and each separated section
contains a self-closing shut-off valve which seals automatically
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 18683:2015, 3.1.3]
3.6
buffer storage
one or more suitable pressure vessels designed for the purpose of storing compressed natural gas
3.7
building
structures, usually enclosed by walls and a roof, constructed to provide support or shelter for an
intended occupancy
3.8
burst pressure
p
b
pressure that causes failure and consequential fluid loss through the component envelope
3.9
canopy
roof, overhead shelter, or hood, that affords a degree of weather protection
3.10
CNG fuelling station
facility at which compressed natural gas is dispensed to vehicles
3.11
competent person
person having the ability, appropriate training, knowledge and experience, to supervise or carry out
the work being undertaken in a safe and proper manner
3.12
compressed natural gas
CNG
natural gas which has been compressed and stored for use as a vehicle fuel
[SOURCE: ISO 15500-1:2000, 3.2]
3.13
compressor
machine that increases the pressure of gas
3.14
conduit
casing, tubing or liner, either metallic or non-metallic
[SOURCE: ISO 14310:2008, 3.6]
3.15
cylinder
pressure vessel used for the storage of compressed natural gas
3.16
cylinder working pressure
settled pressure of a fully filled cylinder at a uniform temperature of 15 °C
3.17
dispenser
equipment through which the fuel is supplied to the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: This equipment can include metering.
3.18
dryer
equipment which decreases the water vapour content (moisture) of natural gas
3.19
enclosure
structure, not being a building or canopy, that encloses a component of the fuelling station
EXAMPLE Housing, container and machine cabinet.
3.20
explosive gas atmosphere
mixture of substances with air, under atmospheric conditions, in the form of gases, vapours, mists or
dusts in which, after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture
[SOURCE: IEC 61340–4-4:2014, 11, 3.4]
3.21
fail-safe
design feature that ensures that safe conditions are maintained in the event of a malfunction of a
control device or an interruption of a supply source
3.22
fast fill
fuelling operation which has a designed flow rate greater than 100 m (N)/h per nozzle
3.23
field piping
piping installed for interconnection between equipment at the site
4 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
3.24
fire resistant
property that prevents or retards the passage of excessive heat, hot gases or flames under specified
conditions
3.25
fire wall
wall, or separating partition erected to reduce the effects of radiated heat
3.26
fuelling
transfer of fuel from dispenser to the vehicle
3.27
fuelling pressure
pressure at which the fuel is delivered to the vehicle
3.28
fuelling station
facility at which vehicles fuels are dispensed
3.29
grounding
electrical connection of potentially live exposed metallic parts to earth
3.30
hazardous area
area in which an explosive gas atmosphere is present, or can be expected to be present, in quantities
such as to require special precautions for the construction, installation and use of apparatus to prevent
ignition
[SOURCE: IEC 60079–10–1:2008, 3.3]
3.31
hose
pipeline of flexible material with end fittings attached
3.31.1
vent hose
pipeline of flexible material through which natural gas is vented from the fuelling connection at a vehicle
3.31.2
hose assembly
hose or hoses with ancillary components, such as bend restrictors, breakaways and nozzles, attached
3.32
intrinsically safe circuit
circuit in which any spark or thermal effect is incapable of causing ignition of a mixture of flammable or
combustible material in air under specified test conditions
3.33
lower explosive limit
LEL
volume concentration of flammable gas or vapour in air, below which the mixture is not flammable
[SOURCE: ISO 19372:2015, 3.7, modified — “explosive” has been changed to “flammable”.]
3.34
maximum allowable operating pressure
MAOP
maximum pressure that the component or system is subjected to during normal operation
Note 1 to entry: MAOP is typically not greater than 90 % of the maximum allowable working pressure of the
component or system.
3.35
maximum allowable working pressure
MAWP
maximum pressure to which a component or system is designed to be subjected and which is the basis
for determining the strength of the component or system
[SOURCE: ISO 12991:2012, 3.10, modified — “or system” has been added and “under consideration” has
been removed.]
3.36
mobile storage
multi-cylinder or tank fixture mounted on a vehicle or trailer and used for the transportation of natural
gas to CNG fuelling stations
3.37
multi-fuel dispenser
dispenser delivering CNG and other fuels (liquid or gaseous)
3.38
multi-fuel station
fuelling station that can fuel natural gas as well as other fuels, for example diesel, petrol, LPG
3.39
natural gas
complex gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally includes ethane, propane
and higher hydrocarbons, and some non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Note 1 to entry: Natural gas can also contain components or containments such as sulfur compounds and/or
other chemical species.
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.1.1.1]
3.40
non-combustible
not capable of undergoing combustion under specified conditions
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.239]
3.41
normal operation
situation when the equipment is operating within its design parameters
[SOURCE: ISO 16110-1:2007, 3.50]
3.42
non-hazardous area
area in which an explosive gas is not expected to be present in quantities such as to require special
precautions for the construction, installation and use of apparatus
[SOURCE: ISO 16110-1:2007, 3.48]
6 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
3.43
odorant
intensely smelling organic chemical or combination of chemicals added to natural gas at low
concentration and capable of imparting a characteristic and distinctive (usually disagreeable) warning
odor so gas leaks can be detected at concentrations below their lower flammability limit
Note 1 to entry: ISO/TR 16922 gives the specifications and guidelines for the methods to be used in the
odorization of natural gas under a safety point of view and specifies the principles for the odorization technique
(including handling and storage of odorants) and the control of odorization of natural gas.
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.8.1, modified — Note 1 to entry has been added.]
3.44
odorization
process of introducing odorant(s) into natural gas
3.45
overpressure
condition under which the pressure exceeds the maximum allowable working pressure
3.46
power failure
reduction in power such that any electrical component or sub system (such as flow control) are
operating outside manufacturers specification
3.47
refuelling receptacle
device connected to a vehicle or storage system which receives the CNG refuelling nozzle and
permits safe transfer of fuel
[SOURCE: ISO 14469-1:2004, 3.7]
3.48
separation distance
minimum separation between a hazard source and an object, which is required to mitigate the effect of
a likely foreseeable incident and prevent a minor incident escalating into a larger incident
3.48.1
external separation distance
separation distance between a hazard source and an object situated outside the boundaries of the
fuelling station
3.48.2
internal separation distance
separation distance between a hazard source and an object situated within the boundaries of the
fuelling station
3.49
service duct
enclosed conduit through which gas piping, utility piping, electrical cabling, etc. is routed
3.50
settled pressure
gas pressure when a given settled temperature is reached and there is no gas flow
3.51
settled temperature
uniform gas temperature in the cylinder after the dissipation of any heat caused by fuelling
3.52
slow fill
fuelling operation which has a designed flow rate equal or less than 100 m (N)/h per nozzle
3.53
vault
room or space, typically situated underground
3.54
ventilation
movement of air and its replacement with fresh air due to the effects of wind, temperature gradients, or
artificial means (for example fans or extractors)
3.55
venting
controlled release of natural gas to the atmosphere
3.56
zone
hazardous area classified based upon the frequency of the occurrence and duration of an explosive gas
atmosphere
[SOURCE: IEC 60079-10-1:2015, 3.3.3, modified — “gas” has been added.]
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
p burst pressure
b
p maximum allowable working pressure
MAWP
4.2 Abbreviated terms
CNG compressed natural gas
IS intrinsically safe
ERP emergency response plan
LEL lower explosive limit
MAOP maximum allowable operating pressure
MAWP maximum allowable working pressure
NGV natural gas vehicle
P&I process and instruments
5 Risk management
5.1 Risk assessment shall follow the techniques described in ISO 12100 for assessment of machinery
safety and IEC 31010 for general site risk management, or local applicable standards.
5.2 The CNG fuelling station installation shall be sited to minimize risk to users, operating personnel,
properties, and environment.
5.3 Risk assessment shall include design, construction, operation and maintenance of the CNG fuelling
station. The risk assessment process shall be used to evaluate the consequences of hazardous events and
to determine appropriate means of risk reduction and/or mitigation of consequences.
5.4 Measures to reduce fire and explosion risks shall be applied, including but not limited to:
— prevention of the formation of a flammable or explosive mixture;
8 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
— prevention of static charge build-up;
— avoidance of ignition sources;
— mitigation of the effects of a fire or explosion.
5.5 Protection from ignition in explosive atmospheres shall be by the use of protection systems defined
in the IEC 60079 series where the applicable hazard zones are defined in IEC 60079-10-1.
NOTE Examples of hazardous area classifications are given in Annex A.
6 General design requirements
6.1 General
6.1.1 Installation and equipment design shall minimize the number of connections and other possible
points of leakage or release to atmosphere.
6.1.2 Configurations generating the possibility of a confined explosive atmosphere should be avoided.
Fire and explosion risk prevention shall take into account foreseeable malfunctions and misuse.
6.1.3 Underground service ducts routing natural gas pipeline shall not be shared with other services
(e.g. water piping, fuel piping, electrical cabling).
6.1.4 Pressure indication shall be provided such that the pressure on any piping segment can be
determined.
6.1.5 Pressure piping system shall have provision for safe manual depressurization. Depressurization
shall not be performed by opening pipe joints.
6.1.6 The mounting of equipment and supporting foundations shall be designed and constructed to be
suitable for local seismic and geological conditions.
6.1.7 All CNG equipment exposed to the risk of vehicle collision shall be provided with barriers or
other mechanisms to protect the gas equipment from collision damage.
6.1.8 The CNG fuelling station shall be designed to shut down safely in the event of a loss of power.
Restoration of power shall be in accordance with 16.2.
6.1.9 The CNG fuelling station shall include firefighting equipment in accordance with local applicable
regulations.
6.1.10 The CNG fuelling station shall have means of ensuring that oil carryover from the compressor,
dust, water and other contaminants in the gas stream meet the local applicable gas quality standards or
regulations.
6.1.11 All equipment shall be operated within temperature and pressure limits specified by the
manufacturer.
6.1.12 The CNG fuelling station shall be designed while taking into account the specific climatic
conditions of the site location and expected minimum and maximum temperatures.
6.2 Site layout
6.2.1 The CNG fuelling station separation distances shall follow the requirements listed in Annex B.
6.2.2 The CNG fuelling installation shall be designed so that authorized personnel shall have easy
access to and exit from the operating area of the installation at all times.
6.2.3 Adequate means of escape in the case of emergency shall be provided. In cases where authorized
personnel can be trapped inside compounds, there shall be at least two separate outward opening exits,
remote from each other, strategically placed in relation to the hazard considered.
6.2.4 All gates shall open outward or comply with the local fire and building codes. The gates shall be
wide enough to provide for an easy access and exit of authorized personnel. Gates shall not allow entry
without a key during normal operation. Gates shall have access outwards and if equipped with a latch,
shall be equipped on the inside with fast release hardware that can be operated without a key.
6.2.5 Consideration shall be given to the provision of an additional emergency exit where the size of
the fenced area or equipment location necessitates this.
6.2.6 Access to the installation, except for the fuelling area, shall be prevented to all unauthorized
persons. Any security perimeter (fence, walls, etc.) shall be constructed of non-combustible, fire-resistant
or auto-extinguishing materials and be at least 1,5 m high.
6.3 Pressure safety relief valves and venting
6.3.1 Pressure safety relief valves shall be installed in accordance with ISO 4126-1 and the
manufacturer’s instructions.
6.3.2 Vent piping for pressure safety relief valves shall be designed for either the rated capacity of the
relief valve or the maximum determined flow capacity required to limit pressure accumulation within
the restrictions of ISO 4126-1.
6.3.3 The compressor piping system, including inlet, inter-stage, discharge and ancillary piping, shall
be protected from overpressure with pressure safety relief valves. The setting of the pressure safety relief
valve shall be equal to or lower than the maximum allowable working pressure of the piping design.
Pressure safety relief valves shall be in accordance with ISO 4126-1.
6.3.4 Multiple pressure safety relief valves at different set pressures relieving into a common vent
header shall not be subject to pressure accumulation higher than the limit set by the relief valve with the
lowest pressure set point. The vent header shall be designed for the event of simultaneous relief valve
discharge if substantially probable.
6.3.5 Structural steel shall not be used for relief valve venting.
6.3.6 Vent piping shall exit an enclosure or building for safe venting at a minimum of 3 m above ground
level and other working areas or 1 m higher than surrounding buildings within a radius of 5 m whichever
is higher. The axis of discharge flow shall not be directed downward or towards other structures or
equipment within 5 m.
6.3.7 Vent piping shall have provisions to prevent ingress of rain, snow, birds or other vermin. Vent
piping shall have provision for draining of liquids at low points, if necessary.
6.3.8 During normal operation, gas venting to atmosphere shall be restricted to pilot valve operation,
nozzle disconnections and compressor seal or packing venting.
10 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
6.3.9 All parts of a pressure piping system that can be isolated during normal or emergency operation
shall be connected to a safety relief device or valve.
7 Fuel supply to the fuelling station
7.1 Supply by pipeline
7.1.1 The interface between the natural gas pipeline and the fuelling station shall include the following
functions:
— isolation for maintenance and/or for emergency;
— safe relief of pressure and inert gas purging;
— dielectric isolation.
7.1.2 The following functions may also be included:
— pressure regulation;
— filtration;
— metering.
NOTE 1 The interface between the pipeline and the fuelling station is typically located within the fuelling
station boundary and can belong to the gas distribution company. In some cases, the equipment is installed
inside a compressor enclosure.
NOTE 2 The design and sizing of internal piping and equipment need to ensure that the systems meet the
requirements of the gas supply connection specifications (e.g. pulsation).
7.2 Supply by mobile storage
7.2.1 The natural gas delivery and storage area shall be located so that it is readily accessible to mobile
supply equipment at ground level and to authorized personnel. Suitable roadways or other means of
access for emergency equipment, such as fire department apparatus, shall be provided.
7.2.2 Where security fencing or enclosures are used, a minimum clearance of 1 m shall be provided
around the mobile storage to allow unrestricted egress from the area.
7.2.3 The tube trailer or transportable module station area shall be level. Front and rear ends of the
tube trailer or transportable module bays should be kept open. A bump stop or equivalent shall indicate
normal tube trailer or transportable module position.
7.2.4 Tube trailers or transportable modules shall not be stationed outside of the designated trailer
unloading bays.
7.2.5 The fuelling activity shall be fully suspended during the tube trailer or transportable modules
exchange operation unless the exchange can be made without interfering with the safe activities of the
fuelling station.
NOTE A designated temporary tube trailer or transportable modules parking location can be provided for
carrying out tube trailer or transportable modules exchange.
7.2.6 Means to ground tube trailers and transportable modules prior to flexible hose connection shall
be used.
7.2.7 The storage area shall be protected by physical means such as a fence to prevent access of
unauthorized persons. Activities other than those directly related to the natural gas tube trailer and/or
transportable modules operation shall not be permitted in the storage area.
7.2.8 Separation distances shall comply with those given for buffer storage systems. A minimum
clearance of 1 m shall be maintained on all sides of each tube trailer or transportable module.
8 Dryer
8.1 A dryer shall be installed to dehydrate the natural gas, if necessary, to meet the requirements of the
gas quality as defined in the applicable local regulations.
NOTE In this way, moisture does not affect the safe operation of the fuelling station.
8.2 The dryer shall be designed for the operating conditions (flow rate and pressure of gas) found at
the inlet of the dryer and shall have sufficient capacity to remove the moisture that is contained in the gas
and dehydrate it to a level as required by the operating conditions and the ambient conditions (minimum
seasonal temperature). As a minimum, the pressure water dew point of the gas shall be at least 5 °C
below the lowest expected temperature in operation at the maximum operating pressure.
8.3 The natural gas fuelling station shall not reduce the level of odorant in the gas below the level as
described in 12.1.
8.4 A filter shall be installed on the outlet side of the dryer to prevent particles from entering the gas
stream if the dryer type can be expected to add particles to the stream.
NOTE The dryer can be installed upstream or downstream of the compressor. Installation upstream of
the compressor is recommended as it will protect the compressor from liquid water and the dryer will not be
affected by potential oil carryover from the discharge of the compressor.
9 Compressors
9.1 General
9.1.1 A compressor shall be mounted on a structure designed to withstand the dynamic forces exerted
by the compressor, which may be integral to a compressor enclosure and placed upon a surface that has
been prepared using good engineering practice for drainage and support.
9.1.2 Compensation for movement and vibration shall be provided between the compressor and the
fuelling station piping.
9.1.3 Compressor power transmission apparatus and other exposed moving parts, including belts,
couplings and fans shall be guarded in accordance with ISO 14120.
9.1.4 Compressors shall include a final discharge check valve to prevent back flow of high pressure gas
to the compressor upon shutdown.
9.1.5 Gas venting from rod seals shall be collected and vented at a safe location according to 6.3.
9.1.6 Compressor and piping assemblies shall operate without excessive vibration in order to minimize
the risks of induced fatigue failures and loosening of fittings and connections. Vibration level at any point
on the compressor shall not exceed 30 mm/s. Vibration levels on attached piping and appurtenances
shall not exceed 45 mm/s.
12 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
9.1.7 Compressors may be installed on elevated structures (including canopies a
...
NORME ISO
INTERNATIONALE 16923
Première édition
2016-12-15
Stations-service de gaz naturel —
Stations GNC pour le ravitaillement de
véhicules
Natural gas fuelling stations — CNG stations for fuelling vehicles
Numéro de référence
©
ISO 2016
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2016, Publié en Suisse
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée
sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie, l’affichage sur
l’internet ou sur un Intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Les demandes d’autorisation peuvent être adressées à l’ISO à
l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
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copyright@iso.org
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ii © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos .v
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 3
4 Symboles et abréviations . 8
4.1 Symboles . 8
4.2 Abréviations . 9
5 Gestion des risques . 9
6 Exigences de conception générales . 9
6.1 Généralités . 9
6.2 Disposition du site .10
6.3 Soupapes de surpression et dégazage .11
7 Approvisionnement en carburant vers la station-service .12
7.1 Approvisionnement par canalisations.12
7.2 Approvisionnement par stockage mobile .12
8 Sécheur .13
9 Compresseurs .13
9.1 Généralités .13
9.2 Instrumentation et contrôle .14
9.3 Conception du carter .14
9.4 Enceintes, bâtiments, auvents pour compresseur.16
9.5 Installations souterraines pour compresseur .17
9.6 Classification des emplacements dangereux .18
10 Stockage tampon .18
11 Bornes de distribution .18
11.1 Exigences générales .18
11.2 Dispositifs de désaccouplement (break-away) .19
11.3 Ligne de remplissage .20
11.4 Flexibles de distribution .21
11.5 Enceinte.21
11.6 Contrôles et instrumentation de ravitaillement .22
11.7 Systèmes et interconnexions électriques .24
11.8 Documentation .24
12 Odorisation du gaz .25
13 Tuyauterie .25
13.1 Généralités .25
13.2 Conduites enterrées.25
14 Électricité .26
14.1 Étiquetage .26
14.2 Contact avec des parties sous tension .26
14.3 Câbles .27
14.4 Remise en service après interruption et rétablissement électrique .27
14.5 Liaison électrique et mise à la terre .27
15 Instrumentation et système de contrôle .27
15.1 Détection gaz .27
15.2 Boutons d’arrêt d’urgence .28
16 Arrêt d’urgence .28
16.1 Procédure d’arrêt d’urgence .28
16.2 Rétablissement après arrêt d’urgence .28
17 Ravitaillement en intérieur .29
17.1 Généralités .29
17.2 Ventilation .29
17.3 Exigences supplémentaires.29
18 Essais et mise en service .30
19 Fonctionnement .30
19.1 Consignes de distribution .30
19.2 Panneaux de sécurité .30
19.3 Formation .31
19.4 Plan d’intervention d’urgence . .31
19.5 Manuel d’exploitation .31
20 Inspection et maintenance .32
20.1 Programme d’inspection et de maintenance .32
20.2 Fréquence de maintenance et d’essais pour la détection gaz .32
Annexe A (informative) Exemples de classification d’emplacements dangereux .33
Annexe B (normative) Distances de séparation .40
Annexe C (informative) Procédures de ravitaillement .41
Annexe D (informative) Exemple d’instructions d’urgence .42
Annexe E (informative) Exemple d’inspection et de maintenance périodique
d’une station-service .43
Bibliographie .46
iv © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est
en général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude
a le droit de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales,
gouvernementales et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO participent également aux travaux.
L’ISO collabore étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui
concerne la normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (voir www.
iso.org/directives).
L’attention est appelée sur le fait que certains des éléments du présent document peuvent faire l’objet de
droits de propriété intellectuelle ou de droits analogues. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable
de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de propriété et averti de leur existence. Les détails concernant
les références aux droits de propriété intellectuelle ou autres droits analogues identifiés lors de
l’élaboration du document sont indiqués dans l’Introduction et/ou dans la liste des déclarations de
brevets reçues par l’ISO (voir www.iso.org/brevets).
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la signification des termes et expressions spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation
de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation
mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC), voir le lien
suivant: www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.html
L’ISO 16923 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/PC 252, Stations de ravitaillement de gaz naturel
pour véhicules.
NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO 16923:2016(F)
Stations-service de gaz naturel — Stations GNC pour le
ravitaillement de véhicules
1 Domaine d’application
Ce document traite de la conception, la construction, l’exploitation, l’inspection et la maintenance des
stations de ravitaillement au gaz naturel comprimé (GNC) pour véhicules, dont les appareils et les
dispositifs de sécurité et de contrôle.
Ce document s’applique également aux parties d’une station-service où le gaz naturel se trouve à l’état
gazeux et où le GNC dérivé d’un gaz naturel liquéfié (GNCL) est distribué conformément à l’ISO 16924.
Ce document s’applique aux stations-service alimentées par gaz naturel tel que défini par les règlements
locaux applicables relatifs à la composition des gaz ou par l’ISO 13686. Elle s’applique également à
d’autres gaz satisfaisant à ces exigences tels que le biométhane, le méthane de houille (MH) valorisé et
les gaz provenant de la vaporisation de GNL (sur ou hors site).
Ce document couvre tous les appareils en aval de la connexion d’alimentation en gaz (c’est-à-dire le
point de séparation entre les conduites de la station-service GNC et le réseau de canalisations). Les
pistolets de distribution des stations-service ne sont pas définis dans ce document.
Ce document comprend les stations-service avec les caractéristiques suivantes:
— remplissage lent;
— remplissage rapide;
— accès privé;
— accès public (self-service ou avec assistance);
— stations-service avec stockage fixe;
— stations-service avec stockage mobile (station secondaire);
— stations multi-carburants.
Ce document ne s’applique pas aux dispositifs domestiques de ravitaillement de GNC sans stockage
tampon.
NOTE Ce document repose sur la condition que les gaz fournis à la station-service sont odorisés. Pour les
stations-service utilisant des gaz non odorisés, des exigences de sécurité supplémentaires sont spécifiées à
l’Article 10.
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont mentionnés dans le texte de sorte que tout ou partie de leur contenu
constitue des exigences de ce document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s’applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 7-1, Filetages de tuyauterie pour raccordement avec étanchéité dans le filet — Partie 1: Dimensions,
tolérances et désignation
ISO 834-1, Essai de résistance au feu — Éléments de construction — Partie 1: Exigences générales
ISO 4126-1, Dispositifs de sécurité pour protection contre les pressions excessives — Partie 1: Soupapes
de sûreté
ISO 8580, Tuyaux en caoutchouc et en plastique — Détermination de la résistance aux ultraviolets dans des
conditions statiques
ISO 9809-1, Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles à gaz rechargeables en acier sans soudure — Conception,
construction et essais — Partie 1: Bouteilles en acier trempé et revenu ayant une résistance à la traction
inférieure à 1 100 MPa
ISO 9809-2, Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles à gaz rechargeables en acier sans soudure — Conception,
construction et essais — Partie 2: Bouteilles en acier trempé et revenu ayant une résistance à la traction
supérieure ou égale à 1 100 MPa
ISO 11119-1, Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles à gaz rechargeables en matériau composite et tubes —
Conception, construction et essais — Partie 1: Bouteilles à gaz frettées en matériau composite renforcé par
des fibres et tubes d’une contenance allant jusqu’à 450 l
ISO 11119-2, Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles à gaz rechargeables en matériau composite et tubes —
Conception, construction et essais — Partie 2: Bouteilles à gaz composites entièrement bobinées renforcées
par des fibres et tubes d’une contenance allant jusqu’à 450 l avec liners métalliques transmettant la charge
ISO 11119-3, Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles à gaz rechargeables en matériau composite et tubes —
Conception, construction et essais — Partie 3: Bouteilles à gaz composites entièrement bobinées renforcées
par des fibres et tubes d’une contenance allant jusqu’à 450 l avec liners métalliques ou non métalliques ne
transmettant pas la charge
ISO 11439, Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles haute pression pour le stockage de gaz naturel utilisé comme
carburant à bord des véhicules automobiles
ISO 11925-3, Essais de réaction au feu — Allumabilité des produits du bâtiment soumis à l’incidence directe
de la flamme — Partie 3: Essai multi-sources
ISO 12100, Sécurité des machines — Principes généraux de conception — Appréciation du risque et
réduction du risque
ISO 13847, Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Conduites pour systèmes de transport — Soudage des
conduites
ISO 14120, Sécurité des machines — Protecteurs — Prescriptions générales pour la conception et la
construction des protecteurs fixes et mobiles
ISO 15500-2, Véhicules routiers — Composants des systèmes de combustible gaz naturel comprimé
(GNC) — Partie 2: Performances et méthodes d’essai générales
ISO 15500-17, Véhicules routiers — Composants des systèmes de combustible gaz naturel comprimé
(GNC) — Partie 17: Tuyauterie flexible pour combustible
ISO 15589-1, Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Protection cathodique des
systèmes de transport par conduites — Partie 1: Conduites terrestres
ISO 15649, Industries du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Tuyauterie
IEC 31010, Gestion des risques — Techniques d’évaluation des risques
IEC 60079-0, Matériel électrique pour atmosphères explosives gazeuses — Partie 0: Exigences générales
IEC 60079-10-1, Atmosphères explosives — Partie 10-1: Classement des emplacements — Atmosphères
explosives gazeuses
IEC 60079-11, Atmosphères explosives — Partie 11: protection de l’équipement par sécurité intrinsèque «i»
2 © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
IEC 60079-14, Matériel électrique pour atmosphères explosives gazeuses — Partie 14: Installations
électriques dans les emplacements dangereux (autres que les mines)
IEC 60079-25, Atmosphères explosives — Partie 25: Systèmes électriques de sécurité intrinsèque
IEC 60204-1, Sécurité des machines — Équipement électrique des machines — Partie 1: Exigences générales
IEC 60529, Degrés de protection procurés par les enveloppes (code IP)
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes:
— IEC Electropedia: disponible à l’adresse http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: disponible à l’adresse http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
ensemble
sous-système d’une station-service comprenant plusieurs composants
3.2
auto-extinguible
caractéristique d’un matériau qui arrête la combustion après le retrait de la flamme ou de la source
d’allumage
3.3
biométhane
gaz riche en méthane provenant du biogaz ou de la gazéification de la biomasse par traitement pour
obtenir des propriétés similaires au gaz naturel
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.1.1.15]
3.4
liaison électrique
zone équipotentielle où les parties métalliques exposées potentiellement sous tension sont connectées
électriquement à au moins un point connecté à la terre/masse
3.5
dispositif de désaccouplement
couplage qui se sépare à une section prédéterminée lorsque nécessaire et chaque section séparée
contient une vanne d’arrêt à fermeture automatique qui scelle automatiquement
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 18683:2015, 3.1.3]
3.6
stockage tampon
nombre de récipients sous pression adaptés, conçus pour stocker le gaz naturel comprimé
3.7
bâtiment
structure, généralement fermée par des murs et un toit, construite pour fournir un support ou un abri
pour une activité spécifique
3.8
pression d’éclatement
Pe
pression qui provoque une défaillance et résulte en une perte de fluide à travers l’enveloppe d’un
composant
3.9
auvent
toit, abri couvert ou couverture offrant un degré de protection contre les intempéries
3.10
station-service GNC
installation où un gaz naturel comprimé est distribué à des véhicules
3.11
personne compétente
personne possédant la capacité, la formation appropriée, les connaissances et l’expérience pour
superviser ou réaliser une tâche de manière sûre et adéquate
3.12
gaz naturel comprimé
GNC
machine gaz naturel comprimé et stocké pour utilisation comme carburant
[SOURCE: ISO 15500-1:2000, 3.2]
3.13
compresseur
machine qui augmente la pression d’un gaz
3.14
conduit
cuvelage, colonne de production ou colonne perdue, qu’ils soient métalliques ou non métalliques
[SOURCE: ISO 14310:2008, 3.6]
3.15
bouteille
récipient sous pression utilisé pour stocker le gaz naturel comprimé
3.16
pression de service d’une bouteille
pression stabilisée d’une bouteille entièrement remplie, à une température uniforme de 15 °C
3.17
borne de distribution
appareil par lequel le carburant est distribué au véhicule
Note 1 à l’article: Cet appareil peut comprendre un compteur.
3.18
sécheur
appareil diminuant la teneur en vapeur d’eau (humidité) dans le gaz naturel
3.19
enceinte
structure, n’étant ni un bâtiment ni un auvent, qui entoure un composant de la station-service
EXEMPLE Enveloppe, container et cabine pour machines.
4 © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
3.20
atmosphère explosive
mélange de substances avec l’air, dans les conditions atmosphériques, sous forme de gaz, vapeurs,
brouillards ou poussières, dans lequel, après inflammation, la combustion se propage à l’ensemble du
mélange non brûlé
[SOURCE: IEC 61340-4-4:2014, 11, 3.4]
3.21
à sécurité intégrée
caractéristique de conception qui s’assure que des conditions de fonctionnement sûres sont maintenues
en cas de dysfonctionnement des dispositifs de contrôle ou en cas d’interruption d’une source
d’approvisionnement
3.22
remplissage rapide
opération de remplissage avec un débit de conception supérieur à 100 Nm /h par pistolet
3.23
canalisation
conduite installée pour assurer l’interconnexion entre les appareils sur le site
3.24
résistant au feu
classe de matériau désignant des composants capables de résister à l’application de chaleur par une
flamme standard pendant 5 min
3.25
mur coupe-feu
mur, ou cloison de séparation, érigé pour limiter les effets des rayonnements thermiques
3.26
ravitaillement
transfert de carburant depuis une borne de distribution vers le véhicule
3.27
pression de ravitaillement
pression à laquelle le carburant est distribué au véhicule
3.28
station-service
installation où le gaz naturel peut être distribué
3.29
mise à la terre
connexion électrique à la terre des parties métalliques exposées potentiellement sous tension
3.30
emplacement dangereux
emplacement dans lequel une atmosphère explosive est présente, ou dans lequel on peut s’attendre à
ce qu’elle soit présente, en quantités suffisantes pour nécessiter des précautions particulières pour la
construction, l’installation et l’utilisation d’équipements pour éviter toute inflammation
[SOURCE: IEC 60079-1:2008, 3.3]
3.31
flexible
canalisation en matériau flexible, possédant des raccords d’extrémité
3.31.1
flexible d’évent
canalisation en matériau flexible, à travers laquelle le gaz naturel est évacué depuis la connexion de
ravitaillement à un véhicule
3.31.2
ensemble de flexible
flexible ou flexibles, avec des composants auxiliaires, tels que les restricteurs de courbure, raccords
détachables et pistolets, attachés
3.32
circuit intrinsèquement sécurisé
circuit où tout effet thermique ou étincelle est incapable de provoquer l’inflammation d’un mélange de
matériau inflammable ou combustible dans l’air dans des conditions d’essai spécifiées
3.33
limite inférieure d’explosivité
LIE
concentration volumique de gaz ou de vapeur inflammable dans l’air, en deçà de laquelle le mélange
n’est pas inflammable
[SOURCE: ISO 19372:2015, 3.7, modifiée – «explosif» a été remplacé par «inflammable»]
3.34
pression maximale admissible
PMAD
pression maximale à laquelle le composant ou système est soumis pendant un fonctionnement normal
Note 1 à l’article: La PMAD est généralement inférieure à 90 % de la pression de service maximale autorisée du
composant ou système
3.35
pression de service maximale autorisée
PSMA
pression maximale à laquelle un composant ou système est conçu pour être soumis et sur laquelle
repose la détermination de la résistance d’un composant ou système
[SOURCE: ISO 12991:2012, 3.10, modifiée – «ou système» a été ajouté et «considéré» a été retiré]
3.36
stockage mobile
installation à bouteilles multiples ou à réservoir sur un véhicule ou une remorque, utilisée pour le
transport du gaz naturel vers les stations-service GNC
3.37
borne de distribution multi-carburants
borne de distribution délivrant des GNC et d’autres carburants (liquides ou gazeux)
3.38
station-service multi-carburants
station-service qui peut fournir du gaz naturel ainsi que d’autres carburants, par exemple gazole,
essence, GPL
3.39
gaz naturel
mélange complexe d’hydrocarbures, composé principalement de méthane, mais comprenant
généralement aussi, de l’éthane, du propane, des hydrocarbures supérieurs, et quelques gaz non
combustibles tels que l’azote et le dioxyde de carbone
Note 1 à l’article: Le gaz naturel peut également contenir des constituants ou des impuretés tels que les composés
soufrés et/ou d’autres espèces chimiques.
6 © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.1.1.1]
3.40
incombustible
incapable de subir une combustion dans des conditions spécifiques
[SOURCE: ISO 13943:2008, 4.239]
3.41
fonctionnement normal
fonctionnement où l’appareil fonctionne conformément à ses paramètres de conception
[SOURCE: ISO 16110-1:2007, 3.50]
3.42
zone de sécurité
zone ne présentant pas d’atmosphère de gaz explosif dans des proportions telles que des précautions
particulières sont nécessaires pour la construction, l’installation et l’utilisation de l’appareillage
[SOURCE: ISO 16110-1:2007, 3.48]
3.43
odorisant
substance ou combinaison de substances chimiques organiques d’odeur intense ajoutée au gaz
naturel à faible concentration et capable de conférer une odeur d’alerte caractéristique et distinctive
(généralement désagréable) afin de pouvoir détecter des fuites de gaz à des concentrations inférieures
à leur limite inférieure d’inflammabilité
Note 1 à l’article: L’ISO/TR 16922 donne des spécifications et lignes directrices relatives aux méthodes à employer
pour l’odorisation du gaz naturel d’un point de vue de la sécurité; elle spécifie les principes pour la technique
d’odorisation (y compris la manutention et le stockage des odorisants) et le contrôle de l’odorisation des gaz
naturels.
[SOURCE: ISO 14532:2014, 2.8.1, modifiée – La Note 1 à l’article a été ajoutée]
3.44
odorisation
procédé consistant à introduire un ou plusieurs odorisants dans le gaz naturel
3.45
surpression
condition à laquelle la pression dépasse la pression de service maximale autorisée
3.46
interruption électrique
diminution de l’alimentation électrique entraînant le fonctionnement d’un composant ou sous-système
électrique (tel que le contrôle du débit) en-dehors des spécifications du fabricant
3.47
about de ravitaillement
dispositif GNC raccordé à un véhicule ou à un stockage, prévu pour recevoir le pistolet de distribution
GNC et assurer le transfert de carburant en toute sécurité
[SOURCE: ISO 14469-1:2004, 3.7]
3.48
distance de séparation
séparation minimale entre une source dangereuse et un objet, permettant de réduire les effets d’un
incident prévisible probable et d’empêcher qu’un incident mineur ne se transforme en incident plus grave
3.48.1
distance de séparation externe
distance de séparation entre une source dangereuse et un objet situé en-dehors des limites de la
station-service
3.48.2
distance de séparation interne
distance de séparation entre une source dangereuse et un objet situé à l’intérieur des limites de la
station-service
3.49
gaine de service
conduit fermé à travers lequel passent les conduites de gaz, les canalisations publiques, le câblage
électrique, etc
3.50
pression stabilisée
pression du gaz lorsqu’une température stabilisée donnée est atteinte et en l’absence de distribution de
gaz
3.51
température stabilisée
température uniforme du gaz dans la bouteille après dissipation de toute chaleur causée par le
ravitaillement
3.52
remplissage lent
opération de remplissage avec un débit de conception égal ou inférieur à 100 Nm /h par pistolet
3.53
chambre
pièce ou espace, généralement souterrain
3.54
ventilation
mouvement d’air avec remplacement de l’air par de l’air frais, causé par le vent, les gradients de
température ou des moyens artificiels (par exemple: ventilateurs ou extracteurs)
3.55
dégazage
libération contrôlée du gaz naturel dans l’atmosphère
3.56
zone
zone dangereuse classée en fonction de la fréquence de l’apparition et de la durée d’une atmosphère
explosive de gaz
[SOURCE: IEC 60079-10-1:2015, 3.3.3 modifié – «gaz» a été ajouté]
4 Symboles et abréviations
4.1 Symboles
pe pression d’éclatement
p pression de service maximale autorisée
SMA
8 © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
4.2 Abréviations
GNC gaz naturel comprimé
IS intrinsèquement sécurisé
PLUR plan d’intervention d’urgence
LIE limite inférieure d’explosivité
PMAD pression maximale admissible
PSMA pression de service maximale autorisée
VGN véhicule au gaz naturel
P&I processus et instruments
5 Gestion des risques
5.1 L’évaluation des risques doit respecter les techniques décrites dans l’ISO 12100 pour l’évaluation
de la sécurité des machines et dans l’ISO/IEC 31010 pour la gestion générale des risques du site.
5.2 L’installation de la station-service GNC doit être située de manière à réduire au maximum les
risques pour les utilisateurs, le personnel, les bâtiments et l’environnement.
5.3 L’évaluation des risques doit comprendre la conception, la construction, l’exploitation et la
maintenance de la station-service GNC. Le processus d’évaluation des risques doit être utilisé pour
évaluer les conséquences des événements dangereux et pour déterminer les moyens appropriés de
réduction des risques et/ou d’atténuation des conséquences.
5.4 Des mesures permettant de réduire les risques d’incendie et d’explosion doivent être appliquées,
notamment:
— la prévention de la formation d’un mélange inflammable ou explosif;
— la prévention de l’accumulation d’électricité statique;
— l’évitement des sources d’allumage;
— l’atténuation des effets d’un incendie ou d’une explosion.
5.5 La protection contre les inflammations dans des atmosphères explosives doit se faire en utilisant
les systèmes de protection définis dans la série de normes IEC 60079; les emplacements dangereux
applicables sont définis dans l’IEC 60079-10-1.
NOTE Des exemples de classification des emplacements dangereux sont donnés à l’Annexe A.
6 Exigences de conception générales
6.1 Généralités
6.1.1 La conception de l’installation et des appareils doit réduire au maximum le nombre de connexions
et de tout autre point potentiel de fuite ou de libération dans l’atmosphère.
6.1.2 Les configurations permettant l’existence d’une atmosphère explosive confinée doivent
être évitées. La prévention des risques d’incendie et d’explosion doit prendre en compte les
dysfonctionnements et mauvaises utilisations prévisibles.
6.1.3 Les gaines de service souterraines contenant les canalisations de gaz naturel ne doivent pas
être partagées avec d’autres utilisations (par exemple: conduites d’eau, conduites de carburant, câblage
électrique).
6.1.4 L’indication de la pression doit être fournie de sorte que la pression sur n’importe quel segment
de canalisation puisse être déterminée.
6.1.5 Le système de conduites sous pression doit pouvoir être dépressurisé de manière manuelle et
sûre. La dépressurisation ne doit pas être réalisée en ouvrant les assemblages de tube.
6.1.6 Le montage des appareils et les fondations doivent être conçus et construits pour résister aux
conditions sismiques et géologiques locales.
6.1.7 Tous les appareils GNC exposés à un risque de collision avec un véhicule doivent être fournis avec
des barrières ou autres mécanismes permettant de protéger l’installation de gaz contre les dommages
par collision.
6.1.8 La station-service GNC doit être conçue pour s’arrêter en toute sécurité en cas d’interruption
électrique. Le rétablissement de l’alimentation électrique doit être conforme à 16.2.
6.1.9 La station-service GNC doit comprendre des équipements anti-incendie conformément aux
règlements locaux applicables.
6.1.10 La station-service GNC doit comprendre des moyens assurant le respect des normes de qualité et
des règlements locaux applicables en matière de présence d’impuretés d’huile provenant du compresseur,
de poussière, d’eau et d’autres contaminants dans le flux gazeux.
6.1.11 L’ensemble des appareils doit fonctionner conformément aux limites de température et de
pression spécifiées par le fabricant.
6.1.12 La station-service GNC doit être conçue en tenant compte des conditions climatiques spécifiques
à l’emplacement du site et des températures minimale et maximale prévues.
6.2 Disposition du site
6.2.1 Les distances de séparation de la station-service GNC doivent respecter les exigences listées à
l’Annexe B.
6.2.2 L’installation de la station-service GNC doit être conçue de sorte que le personnel autorisé puisse
accéder à et quitter aisément la zone de travail de l’installation à tout moment.
6.2.3 Des moyens d’évacuation appropriés en cas d’urgence doivent être fournis. Si le personnel
autorisé peut être piégé dans les bâtiments, il doit y avoir au minimum deux sorties de secours à
ouverture vers l’extérieur, éloignées les unes des autres, placées de manière stratégique en fonction des
phénomènes dangereux considérés.
6.2.4 Toutes les portes doivent s’ouvrir vers l’extérieur ou se conformer aux codes locaux de
construction et anti-incendie. Les portes doivent être assez larges pour permettre un accès et une
sortie aisés du personnel autorisé. Les portes ne doivent pas permettre d’entrer sans clé pendant un
10 © ISO 2016 – Tous droits réservés
fonctionnement normal. Les portes doivent s’ouvrir vers l’extérieur; si elles se verrouillent, elles doivent
être équipées d’un dispositif de déverrouillage rapide du côté interne, pouvant être actionné sans clé.
6.2.5 L’installation d’une sortie de secours supplémentaire doit être considérée lorsque la taille de la
zone clôturée ou l’emplacement des équipements le nécessite.
6.2.6 L’accès à l’installation, à l’exception de la zone de ravitaillement, doit être empêché pour toutes
les personnes non autorisées. Tout périmètre de sécurité (clôture, murs, etc.) doit être construit avec des
matériaux résistants au feu incombustibles ou auto-extinguibles et doit mesurer au moins 1,5 m de haut.
6.3 Soupapes de surpression et dégazage
6.3.1 Les soupapes de surpression doivent être installées conformément à l’ISO 4126-1 et aux
instructions du fabricant.
6.3.2 Les canalisations d’évents pour soupapes de surpression doivent être conçues pour la capacité
nominale de la soupape ou pour la capacité de distribution maximale déterminée requise pour limiter
l’augmentation de pression, en respectant les restrictions de l’ISO 4126-1.
6.3.3 Le système de conduites du compresseur, y compris les conduites d’arrivée, inter-étage, de
refoulement et auxiliaires, doit être protégé de la surpression grâce à des soupapes de surpression.
Le tarage de la soupape de surpression doit être égal ou inférieur à la pression de service maximale
autorisée lors de la conception des conduites. Les soupapes de surpression doivent être conformes à
l’ISO 4126-1.
6.3.4 Les soupapes de surpression multiples, possédant différentes pressions de tarage et évacuant
vers un collecteur d’évent commun, ne doivent pas être soumises à une pression accumulée supérieure à
la limite définie par la soupape de sécurité avec la plus petite pression de tarage. Le collecteur d’évent doit
être conçu pour supporter le refoulement simultané de plusieurs soupapes de sécurité, le cas échéant.
6.3.5 Les soupapes de sécurité ne doivent pas être construites en acier de construction.
6.3.6 Pour un dégazage sûr, la sortie des conduites d’évents depuis une enceinte ou un bâtiment doit
être au minimum à 3 m au-dessus du niveau du sol et des autres surfaces de travail, ou au moins à 1 m
au-dessus des bâtiments environnants dans un rayon de 5 m, la plus grande valeur étant retenue. Le
flux de refoulement ne doit pas être dirigé vers le bas ou vers d’autres structures ou appareils dans un
rayon de 5 m.
6.3.7 Des dispositions doivent être prises sur les conduites d’évents pour éviter l’entrée d’eau de pluie,
de neige, d’oiseaux ou d’autres animaux nuisibles. Des dispositions doivent être prises sur les conduites
d’évents pour évacuer les liquides aux points bas, si nécessaire.
6.3.8 Pendant un fonctionnement normal, les dégazages dans l’atmosphère doivent se limiter à
l’utilisation des vannes pilotes, à la déconnexion des pistolets de distribution et au dégazage des
obturateurs ou garnitures d’étanchéité du compresseur.
6.3.9 Toutes les parties d’un système de conduites sous pression, pouvant être isolées pendant un
fonctionnement normal ou une opération d’urgence, doivent être connectées à un dispositif ou une
soupape de sécurité.
7 Approvisionnement en carburant vers la station-service
7.1 Approvisionnement par canalisations
7.1.1 L’interface entre les canalisations de gaz naturel et la station-service doit comprendre les
fonctions suivantes:
— isolation pour la maintenance et/ou les urgences;
— dispositif de surpression et de purge des gaz inertes;
— isolation diélectrique.
7.1.2 Les fonctions suivantes peuvent également être incluses:
— régulation de la pression;
— filtration;
— comptage.
NOTE 1 L’interface entre les canalisations et la station-service se trouve généralement dans les enceintes de
la station-service et peut appartenir à la société de distribution de gaz. Dans certains cas, les équipements sont
installés dans une enceinte pour compresseur.
NOTE 2 La conception et les dimensions des conduites et appareils internes doivent s’assurer que les systèmes
respectent les exigences des spécifications relatives à la connexion d’alimentation en gaz (par exemple: pulsation).
7.2 Approvisionnement par stockage mobile
7.2.1 L’emplacement de la zone de distribution et de stockage du gaz naturel doit permettre un accès
facile des équipements d’approvisionnement mobile au niveau du sol et du personnel autorisé. Des
routes adaptées ou d’autres moyens d’accès pour les équipements d’urgence, tels que le matériel des
services anti-incendie, doivent être présents.
7.2.2 Lorsque des clôtures ou enceintes de sécurité sont utilisées, un espace minimal de 1 mètre doit
exister autour du stockage mobile
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