ISO 15830-1:2013

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15830-1
Second edition
2013-05-15
Road vehicles — Design and
performance specifications for the
WorldSID 50th percentile male side-
impact dummy —
Part 1:
Terminology and rationale
Véhicules routiers — Conception et spécifications de performance
pour le mannequin mondial (WorldSID), 50e percentile homme, de
choc latéral —
Partie 1: Terminologie et raisonnement
Reference number
©
ISO 2013
© ISO 2013
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ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols, subscripts, and abbreviated terms . 4
4.1 Symbols . 4
4.2 Subscripts . 5
4.3 Abbreviated terms . 5
Annex A (informative) Rationale regarding background and goals for WorldSID.7
Annex B (informative) Rationale regarding performance of the WorldSID .30
Annex C (informative) Resolution establishing WorldSID task group .48
Annex D (informative) Biofidelity test data .49
Annex E (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data .107
Bibliography .123
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 12, Passive
safety crash protection systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15830-1:2005), which has been technically
revised. Technical amendments have been incorporated throughout all four parts, resulting from
extensive experience with the standard and design changes.
ISO 15830 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles — Design and performance
specifications for the WorldSID 50th percentile male side-impact dummy:
— Part 1: Terminology and rationale
— Part 2: Mechanical subsystems
— Part 3: Electronic subsystems
— Part 4: User’s manual
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Introduction
This second edition of ISO 15830 has been prepared on the basis of the existing design, specifications,
and performance of the WorldSID 50th percentile adult male side-impact dummy. The purpose of the
ISO 15830 series is to document the design and specifications of this side-impact dummy in a form
suitable and intended for worldwide regulatory use.
In 1997, ISO/TC 22/SC 12 initiated the WorldSID 50th percentile adult male dummy development,
with the aims of defining a global-consensus side-impact dummy, having a wider range of human-like
anthropometry, biofidelity, and injury-monitoring capabilities, suitable for regulatory use. Participating
in the development were research institutes, dummy and instrumentation manufacturers, governments,
and vehicle manufacturers from around the world.
With regard to potential regulatory, consumer information, or research and development use of
ISO 15830, users will need to identify which of the permissive (i.e., optional) sensors and other elements
defined in ISO 15830-3 are to be used in a given application.
WorldSID drawings in electronic format are being made available. Details are given in ISO 15830-2,
[14]
Annex B.
In order to apply ISO 15830 properly, it is important that all four parts be used together.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15830-1:2013(E)
Road vehicles — Design and performance specifications for
the WorldSID 50th percentile male side-impact dummy —
Part 1:
Terminology and rationale
1 Scope
This part of ISO 15830 provides the definitions, symbols, and rationale used in all parts of this International
Standard for the WorldSID 50th percentile side-impact dummy, a standardized anthropomorphic
dummy for side-impact testing of road vehicles. It is applicable to impact tests involving
— passenger vehicles of category M and goods vehicles of category N ,
1 1
— impacts to the side of the vehicle structure, and
— impact tests involving use of an anthropomorphic dummy as a human surrogate for the purpose of
evaluating compliance with vehicle safety standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1207, Slotted cheese head screws — Product grade A
ISO 4026, Hexagon socket set screws with flat point
ISO 4027, Hexagon socket set screws with cone point
ISO 4029, Hexagon socket set screws with cup point
ISO 4762, Hexagon socket head cap screws
ISO 6487, Road vehicles — Measurement techniques in impact tests — Instrumentation
ISO 7379, Hexagon socket head shoulder screws
ISO 7380 (all parts), Button head screws
ISO/TR 9790:1999, Road vehicles — Anthropomorphic side impact dummy — Lateral impact response
requirements to assess the biofidelity of the dummy
ISO 10642, Hexagon socket countersunk head screws
SAE J211-1:2007, Instrumentation for impact test — Part 1: Electronic instrumentation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
1-to-2-G-setting
joint friction setting which will support the weight of a horizontally extended limb segment but will not
support twice the limb segment weight
3.2
abdomen rib
lowest two ribs of the six mechanical ribs in the WorldSID dummy
3.3
aluminium honeycomb
manufactured material comprising multi-layered bonded sheets of aluminium bent or corrugated in a
rib pattern, in which there is an internal pattern of hexagonal cylindrical spaces, and which is used in
this International Standard as an energy-absorbing element in validation tests
3.4
capacity
maximum force or moment which can be measured by a load cell without causing load cell damage
3.5
cheese screw
slotted button head screw, also referred to as a slotted cheese head screw as defined by ISO 1207
3.6
docking station
data recorder connection point inside the dummy which allows the recorder to be conveniently
disconnected from the sensors
3.7
full arm
assembly of the WorldSID dummy comprising the articulated upper arm and lower arm, including the hand
3.8
frontal
forward-facing or anterior surfaces of the dummy, when it is in a standing posture
3.9
H-point
point on the outer surface of the dummy on an imaginary line which passes through the left and right
hip ball centres
3.10
H-point tool
device which can be inserted into index holes in the dummy pelvis, which provides an external surface
for indicating the orientation of the pelvis and an imaginary line connecting the left and right hip ball
joint centres
3.11
half arm
assembly of the WorldSID dummy comprising dedicated upper arm components which are different
from the components of the full arm
3.12
head form
mechanical device with the same mass and I inertia as the WorldSID head, used for lateral neck
xx
validation tests
3.13
infrared telescoping rod for assessment of chest compression
IR-TRACC
sensor for deflection measurements
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

3.14
lower leg
portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the ankle
3.15
mass replacement
non-electronic component which is substituted for a given dummy electronic component, which has the
same mass as the given electronic component, and which does not act as a structural component of the
dummy (e.g. an accelerometer)
3.16
rigid seat
specialized seat with defined seat bottom and seat back angles used to position the dummy for impact testing
3.17
shoulder rib
upper-most rib of the six mechanical ribs in the WorldSID dummy
3.18
structural replacement
non-electronic component which is substituted for a given dummy electronic component (e.g. a
load cell), which has the same mass as the given component, and which also acts as a structural
component of the dummy
3.19
thoracic rib
second, third, and fourth upper-most ribs of the six mechanical ribs in the WorldSID dummy
3.20
T1
location corresponding to the first thoracic vertebra in a human
3.21
T4
location corresponding to the fourth thoracic vertebra in a human
3.22
T12
location corresponding to the twelfth thoracic vertebra in a human
3.23
tilt sensor
sensor internal to the dummy which transduces the two orientation angles of the respective body region
relative to gravity
3.24
universal
capable of being mounted at several different locations on the dummy
3.25
upper leg
portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the hip ball
3.26
validation
process by which the relevant dummy component or whole dummy is verified and documented to meet
the specifications
3.27
W50-
prefix denoting WorldSID 50th percentile adult male dummy part or drawing number
3.28
WorldSID
anthropometric side-impact dummy intended to be used by vehicle manufacturers and all interested
parties in the passive safety field to improve occupant protection and in regulatory and consumer
information testing in various regions of the world
4 Symbols, subscripts, and abbreviated terms
4.1 Symbols
See Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols and their meanings
Symbol Meaning
a Linear acceleration
F Force
G Acceleration due to gravity (9,81 m/s )
M Moment
β Angular displacement of the head form
δ Deflection
θ Angular displacement
φ Rotation
x Coordinate in accordance with ISO 6487 or SAE J211-1
y Coordinate in accordance with ISO 6487 or SAE J211-1
z Coordinate in accordance with ISO 6487 or SAE J211-1
4 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

4.2 Subscripts
See Table 2.
Table 2 — Subscripts and their meanings
Symbol Meaning
F Forward
H Head
R Rearward
x, y, z Coordinate system :
In the x, y, or z direction; about the x, y, or z axis where x, y, or z are in accordance with ISO 6487
or SAE J211-1
4.3 Abbreviated terms
See Table 3.
Table 3 — Abbreviated terms
Abbrevia- Meaning
tion
AMVO Anthropometry for Motor Vehicle Occupants dataset (established by UMTRI)
A-P Anterior-posterior
ASIS Anterior superior iliac spine
ASPECT Automotive Seat and Package Evaluation and Comparison Tools (a Society of Automotive
Engineers cooperative research program)
ATD Anthropomorphic test device
BHCS Button head cap screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket button head screw as defined by
ISO 7380
CG Centre of gravity
CPSS Cone point set screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket set screw with cone point as defined
by ISO 4027
CPSSS Cone point socket set screw as defined by ISO 4027
CPNT Cone point nylon tip
DAS Data acquisition system
FHCS Flat head cap screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket countersunk head screw as defined by
ISO 10642
FTSS First Technology Safety Systems
IHRA International Harmonization Research Activities
ISO International Organization for Standardization
LHSHCS Low head socket head cap screw
MDB Movable deformable barrier
NM Not measured
OC Occipital condyle
PC Personal computer
R-L Right-left
Table 3 (continued)
Abbrevia- Meaning
tion
SHCS Socket head cap screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket head cap screw as defined by
ISO 4762
SHSS Socket head shoulder screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket head shoulder screw as defined
by ISO 7379
SI Sacroiliac
SSCP Set screw with cup point, also referred to as a hexagon socket set screw with cup point as
defined by ISO 4029
SSFP Set screw with flat point, also referred to as a hexagon socket set crew with flat point as defined
by ISO 4026
SSHDP Set screw with half dog point, as defined by ISO 4026
SSNT Set screw with nylon tip
UMTRI University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute
6 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Annex A
(informative)
Rationale regarding background and goals for WorldSID
NOTE All references cited in Annex A are listed in the Bibliography.
A.1 Historical background
A.1.1 General
In November 1997, the WorldSID Task Group was formed under the auspices of the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) TC 22/SC 12/WG 5 — Anthropomorphic test devices. Document
ISO/TC 22/SC 12/WG 5/N 512 (see Annex C) established the composition and responsibilities of the Task
Group. The Task Group’s purpose was to develop a unique, technologically advanced side-impact dummy
which would have greater biofidelity and which would replace the variety of side-impact dummies used in
regulation and in other testings. It was with this double objective of developing an advanced and globally
harmonized dummy that the WorldSID Task Group was formed, including a Tri-Chair representing each
of the Americas, Europe, and Asia-Pacific regions, and experts from more than 10 countries, including
Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, The Netherlands, Sweden, United Kingdom, and United
States of America. The members comprised participants from vehicle manufacturers, governmental
organizations, research institutes, test laboratories, and dummy and instrumentation manufacturers
from around the world.
Worldwide vehicle manufacturers and governmental bodies sponsored the WorldSID’s development.
A design team of worldwide dummy manufacturers, instrumentation manufacturers, and research
organizations was formed to design, develop, and fabricate the prototype. Thirty-seven Task Group
meetings were held in order to coordinate the definition, design, development, and evaluation of the
dummy, as well as to develop an International Standard which was initially approved in 2005. During the
development stage, more than 13 separate organizations from around the world conducted testing and
evaluations of the dummy in order to assess its biofidelity, durability, repeatability, reproducibility, and
other aspects of performance. Regulation-ready documentation was prepared in the form of ISO 15830,
which is available to the relevant regulatory and consumer information bodies worldwide.
Following the release of ISO 15830:2005, testing, evaluation, and development continued. This revised
International Standard documents improvements to the WorldSID, including improved rib damping
material, improved durability, modified pelvis, new seating procedures, updated biofidelity scores, an
updated user manual, and an updated electronic drawing package (available online).
The resulting WorldSID 50th percentile adult male is a new, advanced, global-consensus, side-impact
dummy. It has an overall biofidelity classification of 8,0 (“good”) using the ISO/TR 9790 biofidelity
rating scale. It is planned to be the basis for the future development of a harmonized side-impact dummy
family. The WorldSID 50th percentile adult male has a mass of 74,35 kg, a theoretical standing height of
1 753 mm, and a seated height of 911 mm. Almost every body region involves a new, innovative design,
setting the WorldSID apart from all existing side-impact dummies. It can accommodate 207 permissible
sensor channels (including six tilt sensors) and associated cabling, and up to 192 recording channels
with an optional in-dummy data acquisition system (DAS).
A.1.2 Need for an International Standard side-impact dummy
As of December 2008, six other mid-sized male side-impact dummies were available for regulatory,
consumer information and development use. These are: the USDOT-SID dummy, which is utilized in
[31]
the United States side-impact protection regulation ; the EuroSID-1 dummy, which is regulated in a
[32]
European standard ; the ES-2 dummy, the ES-2re; the SID/H3 dummy, which is utilized in the United
States side-impact protection regulation FMVSS-201; and the BioSID dummy, which is available for
developmental purposes. None of these dummies has “good” biofidelity (i.e. they all have a less than
“6,5” rating using the ISO/TR 9790 biofidelity rating scale). The six dummies are structurally different
and have different instrumentation capabilities and associated injury assessment criteria. Because of
these differences, as well as the differences in the associated test procedures, these dummies typically
provide a different design direction in the vehicle development process. This results in substantially
different vehicle designs with regard to side-impact protection in the different world regions, despite
the similarity in occupant protection needs among the regions.
The existing dummies are less human-like and cannot be instrumented for all the body regions of
importance in side-impact protection. This means that they have limited effectiveness as tools for
improving occupant protection.
In addition, the total costs to a vehicle manufacturer, and therefore to consumers, of developing different
side protection systems for different regions are higher than a harmonized system.
Overall, with the existing diversity of dummies, the benefits in terms of occupant protection are lower,
and the costs higher, than what would be the case if a more human-like side-impact dummy was adopted
on a worldwide basis.
A.1.3 Benefits and economic impact of an International Standard side-impact dummy
A more human-like side-impact dummy, accepted via consensus among the participating regions by
means of an International Standard, along with harmonized vehicle side-impact test procedures, will
have significant benefits in terms of more realistic (and therefore more effective) occupant protection
as well as reduced costs of side-impact protection system development.
With regard to benefits, it is self-evident that a more advanced, human-like side-impact dummy would
result in vehicle side-impact protection systems that would be more effective for human occupants and
would be less likely to produce harmful designs, which, in principle, can result from dummies that are
either less human-like or unable to monitor for injuries to some body regions.
With regard to costs, it is also self-evident that vehicle manufacturers could eliminate the additional,
wasteful efforts needed to develop vehicles to pass different regulatory tests, with different dummies,
when they are to be sold in several markets. This process is costly for consumers and has no benefits for
passive safety.
For these reasons, most of the major industrial nations, including members of the European Union,
Canada, Japan, and the United States, signed the “Agreement concerning the establishing of global technical
regulations for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on wheeled
vehicles,” (1998), also referred to as the 1998 Global Agreement. This treaty implemented objectives
and methods for proposing and developing within the forum of UN/ECE/TR ANS/WP29 global technical
regulations (GTR), which contracting nations or groups of nations would have the option to adopt as
part of their domestic rulemaking processes.
In summary, the WorldSID would be expected to have substantial benefits for occupant protection and
would reduce total development costs.
A.1.4 Survey of and general differences from previous side-impact dummies
As mentioned in A.1.2, as of December 2008, there were six mid-sized male side-impact dummies, as
well as some variations thereto, available for regulatory and development use. The six dummies have
different levels of biofidelity. The USDOT-SID, EuroSID-1, ES-2, ES-2re, BioSID dummies have each
been rated using the ISO biofidelity scale that provides classifications, as shown in Table A.1. These
classifications quantify how closely the dummy dynamic response matches those of a sample of human
subjects, for each body region and for all body regions. The USDOT-SID has an ISO biofidelity classification
of “unacceptable”, the EuroSID-1 and ES-2re have a classification of “marginal,” and the BioSID and ES-2
have a classification of “fair.”
8 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Table A.1 — ISO biofidelity rating scale
Excellent > 8,6 to 10
Good > 6,5 to 8,6
Fair > 4,4 to 6,5
Marginal > 2,6 to 4,4
Unacceptable 0 to 2,6
[3]
As reported by Byrnes, K. et al. , the USCAR OSRP (Occupant Safety Research Partnership) conducted a
series of ISO/TR 9790 tests in order to compare the biofidelity ratings of the current 50th percentile male
side-impact dummies USDOT-SID, EuroSID-1, ES-2, BioSID, and the WorldSID. Even if not all ISO/TR 9790
tests were carried out identically with each dummy (as described in, for example, Appendix G of
ISO/TR 9790), the WorldSID was the only dummy to obtain a “good” rating on the ISO biofidelity scale.
[3]
As shown in Table A.2, which includes updated WorldSID data and the ES-2re, the WorldSID achieved
the best overall dummy rating and also the best single body region ratings for the head, thorax,
abdomen, and pelvis.
Table A.2 — Biofidelity comparison of side-impact dummies
Biofidelity rating
Head Neck Shoulder Thorax Abdomen Pelvis Overall
WorldSID production 10,0 5,3 10,0 8,2 9,3 5,1 8,0
version
BioSID 6,7 6,7 7,3 6,3 3,8 4,0 5,7
ES-2 5,0 4,4 5,3 5,2 2,6 5,3 4,6
EuroSID-1 5,0 7,8 7,3 5,4 0,9 1,5 4,4
ES-2re 5,0 4,2 4,5 4,0 4,1 3,2 4,2
USDOT-SID 0,0 2,5 0,0 3,1 4,4 2,5 2,3
Independently, the US/NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) evaluated the WorldSID
prototype (unrevised version) together with two other side-impact dummies, the ES-2 and the Hybrid
III-SID, to a newly developed biofidelity ranking system called Bio Rank System, as reported by Rhule,
[20]
H. et al.
This Bio Rank System quantifies the ability of a dummy to load a sled wall as a cadaver does (External
Biofidelity) and the ability of a dummy to replicate those cadaver responses that best predict injury
potential (Internal Biofidelity). The ranking is based on the ratio of the cumulative variance of the
dummy response relative to the mean cadaver response and the cumulative variance of the mean
cadaver response relative to the mean plus one standard deviation. That ratio expresses how well a
dummy duplicates a cadaver response. Contrary to the ISO rating system, the lower the rating value,
the better the biofidelity.
Although still under development and not in use by the international community, the data presented by
Rhule et al. indicate that this assessment system also showed the WorldSID prototype to have the best
ranking out of the three tested dummies.
In summary, compared with other contemporary mid-sized adult male side-impact dummies, the
WorldSID overall ratings are better than all others. It achieves by far the best overall rating and is, to
date, the only side-impact dummy with an overall biofidelity rating of “good.”
A.1.5 Summary of WorldSID development process
The following summarizes some of the milestones in the WorldSID project, in order to describe the
international development and consensus process.
— November 1997: WorldSID Task Group (TG) was established by ISO/TC 22/SC 12, reporting to
Working Group 5.
— April to October 1998: Draft documents were circulated within the TG as regional contributions to
the definition of design and performance requirements for WorldSID.
— February 1999: The WorldSID Task Group and project manager circulated the “Request for
Proposals — WorldSID Design and Build” internationally, which included a draft design baseline.
— March 1999: The Task Group made a first selection of WorldSID body region and instrumentation
concepts, on the basis of all responses to the Request for Proposal.
— September 1999: The Task Group signed off the WorldSID Design Baseline (document TG N60 Rev
2). This document includes design and performance specifications for the WorldSID as established
by consensus of the Task Group during the period October 1998 to September 1999 and defines the
guidelines for designing, building, and evaluating the first prototype dummy.
— February 2000: At the 12th TG meeting, the Design Team (DT) presented a first full-assembly 3D
WorldSID concept, based on updated body part and instrumentation concepts. The TG was given an
illustration of the full-assembly WorldSID (document TG N105, February 2000). Using the Design
Brief (TG N60Rev2) as a reference, the Design Team developed as much detail as possible on the
specifications for design and performance of the WorldSID. Any deviations from specifications were
detailed and rationales for these deviations were provided.
— December 2000: A prototype dummy was completed and sent to Australia for a first round of vehicle
and biofidelity tests by the Australian government.
— January 2001 to February 2003: A series of iterative testing and design revisions was conducted
on the prototype dummy, resulting in design changes and performance improvements to all body
regions of the dummy.
— March 2003 to January 2004: Delivery, testing, and evaluation of 11 pre-production dummies by
numerous parties in the three regions. Beginning in March 2003, the pre-production dummies
were evaluated in biomechanical tests and also in a multitude of sled, crash, and verification tests
throughout the world.
— August 2005: Publication of ISO 15830:2005 and release of production drawings and specifications
into the public domain.
Organizationally, at every stage, the TG attempted to include all interested parties involved in the
passive safety field, and to this end, three regional groups for Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the Americas
were created to facilitate the participation of any interested parties on a worldwide basis. The Task
Group brought together delegations from the three regions on a regular basis. The project was financed
by contributions from all three of the regions, as further described below. A project manager was
contracted to coordinate the development activities and to liaise between the Task Group and the Design
Team. The Task Group contracted with Design Team members, comprising dummy manufacturers,
instrumentation manufacturers, and members of the European Commission (EC)-sponsored SID-2000
project consortium, to carry out the design and development work.
The vehicle manufacturers in the United States, Japan, and the European Union made large direct
contributions to funding through their regional industry organizations: OSRP, JAMA, and ACEA,
respectively. The EC also made a significant contribution through the participation in the development
of the dummy of the SID-2000 Consortium. Contributions from Transport Canada, the Australian
Department of Transport and Regional Services, the US National Highway Transportation and Safety
Administration, and the EC-supported SIBER consortium contributed to the funding of the WorldSID
10 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

prototype evaluation testing. All costs related to the participation of Task Group and Regional Advisory
Group members were met by the individual participating organizations.
A.2 Technical targets for the WorldSID
A.2.1 General
The WorldSID Task Group, with inputs from all members as well as the Design Team, developed a
comprehensive set of technical targets in the following categories:
— functional description and interface references
— functional description;
— interface references;
— loading conditions and interactions;
— anthropometry;
— biofidelity;
— instrumentation;
— repeatability and reproducibility;
— durability;
— sensitivity;
— handling;
— validation;
— miscellaneous.
Detailed targets in each of these areas were identified for the overall dummy and for each of the following
body regions:
— head;
— neck;
— shoulder-thorax-abdomen;
— full arms;
— half arms;
— lumbar spine;
— pelvis;
— upper legs;
— lower legs;
— clothing.
In addition, targets for internal electronic measurement components were identified, including those
for the following:
— accelerometers;
— load cells;
— displacement transducers;
— tilt sensors, to facilitate dummy positioning;
— in-dummy data acquisition system.
During the development, the highest priority among these targets was given to the goal of matching the
biofidelity (i.e., human dynamic response) targets specified in ISO/TR 9790. The target performance was
that a rating of “good” to “excellent” be achieved on the biofidelity rating scale contained in ISO/TR 9790,
for all segments of the dummy, and for the overall dummy.
The WorldSID Task Group reviewed all of the currently existing side-impact dummies to determine what
functions, features, and other needs should be incorporated into the new WorldSID dummy and what
improvements were required. The group also reviewed various proposals and ideas from worldwide
dummy and instrumentation manufacturers and research organizations. As described in A.1.5, an
international Design Team was formed to develop these new concepts and integrate them with existing
desirable features into a new, advanced side-impact dummy. The majority of the dummy consists of new
design concepts, with the exception of the neck, which is mainly from the ES-2 dummy (all parts except
for the neck buffers).
The Task Group also assembled a list of specifications for the WorldSID dummy. This list consisted of
general specifications for the full dummy assembly and specific specifications for the various body
regions. One of the general targets for the dummy was that it should be a left-right symmetrical design.
The Task Group decided that this was necessary, firstly because humans are symmetric and also because
future uses of the dummy are unknown. For example, in the future, the dummy may need to measure
occupant-to-occupant interaction in a side-impact test. If this were required, the dummy would have to
be capable of being instrumented simultaneously on both sides so that it could measure the impact from
the striking vehicle and the impact from the adjacent occupant.
In addition, because of the unknown nature of future testing needs, it was desired that the dummy
produce reasonable data for ±30° in the horizontal plane and ±10° in the vertical plane. This is to ensure
that the dummy does not bind in an off-axis loading situation.
It was also desired that the dummy be capable of using an in-dummy data acquisition system (DAS).
This was because of the increasing number of potential channels of interest being specified for injury
evaluation purposes. The large number of desirable sensors would produce a large bundle of cables that
conventionally would need to be attached to an in-vehicle DAS. This would make it difficult to properly
position the dummy. So, the Task Group concluded that it was necessary to offer an optional in-dummy
DAS. The WorldSID dummy has up to 192 possible data recording channels. The user, of course, would
choose only the appropriate sensor channels for a given test scenario.
A.2.2 Functional description
In general terms, the WorldSID was to be designed for the evaluation of vehicle occupant protection in
the event of a lateral collision. In addition, it is expected that because of improved characteristics (e.g.
improved biofidelity), the WorldSID will replace existing side-impact dummies. The dummy, therefore,
was to accommodate the following:
— Several types of standardized test procedures to assess side-impact car occupant protection in full
vehicle collisions. This includes existing procedures as well as future harmonized procedures of
regulatory bodies, as well as procedures used by consumer information organizations to compare
vehicle performance.
— Development-type testing (standard and non-standard) as conducted by the OEMs and their suppliers
to assess and improve performance of restraint systems, vehicle interiors, vehicle structures, etc.
— Research-type testing to enhance the knowledge base of side-impact vehicle and occupant behaviour,
through accident reconstructions, component tests, biomechanical tests, etc.
12 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

In all these test conditions, the WorldSID was to have improved dynamic behaviour over existing
dummies, to have improved measurement capabilities to allow assessment according to most established
and evolving injury criteria, and to be easier to handle.
To accommodate the different test conditions, the WorldSID was to be designed in two configurations:
one incorporating instrumented full arms and one incorporating non-instrumented half arms. The
WorldSID development, therefore, breaks down in the following components (responsible Design Team
member is given in parentheses):
— head (SID-2000), representing the human head and designed to exhibit multidirectional biofidelity
considering its large variety of contact and non-contact loading conditions;
— neck (SID-2000), representing the human cervical spine and primarily designed to assure proper
head kinematics without concern for unrealistic restraint interactions as observed with some
existing dummies;
— shoulders/thorax/abdomen assembly (Humanetics, formerly FTSS, SID-2000), representing the
human upper torso, with improved biofidelity over existing dummies, and capable of handling off-
axis loading without compromising durability, repeatability, and reproducibility;
— full arms (Humanetics, formerly Denton), representing the human upper arms, elbows, lower arms,
wrists, and hands, designed primarily for the purpose of airbag interaction assessments;
— half arms (Humanetics, formerly FTSS), representing the human upper arms only, designed for full
vehicle testing in which the use of full arms may lead to reduced test-to-test repeatability;
— lumbar spine (Humanetics, formerly FTSS), representing the human lumbar area, designed to better
represent the coupling between upper and lower torso and to allow changes in initial (pre-test)
posture according to seat and vehicle design;
— pelvis (SID-2000, Humanetics, formerly FTSS), representing the human lower torso, designed
with improved biofidelity over existing dummies, and capable of handling off-axis loading without
compromising durability, repeatability, and reproducibility;
— upper legs (Humanetics, formerly Denton), representing the human upper legs and knees, designed
with integrated instrumentation;
— lower legs (Humanetics, formerly Denton), representing the human lower legs, ankles, and feet
(including shoe), designed with integrated instrumentation;
— clothing (Humanetics, formerly FTSS), extending over the complete torso and parts of the extremities
to simulate clothing, but also some human skin/flesh;
— in-dummy data acquisition system (DTS), which accommodates at least 64 channels. Integrated
wiring throughout the dummy is part of this task;
— accelerometers (Endevco), including linear and angular accelerometers throughout the dummy and
dedicated tilt sensors in the head, thorax and pelvis for pre-test positioning;
— load cells (Humanetics, formerly Denton), throughout the dummy and designed as structural
components. Structural replacements for all load cells will be provided.
A.2.3 Interface references
The complete WorldSID design and fabrication was contracted to a Design Team that operated not only
under mutual confidentiality but also under mutual restriction of design information. This meant that
not until approval and release into the public domain of the WorldSID drawings and specifications by
the Task Group would a non-generating party within or outside the Design Team have access to design
information from a generating party.
This, obviously, was not the case for the interfaces between various components of the dummy, which
were generated by Design Team members responsible for components meeting at a specific interface.
Therefore, much emphasis in the design stage was put in the definition of interfaces between various
components of the dummy. In addition, good definition of interfaces between the various components
was essential to ensure proper assembly and functionality.
Where possible, interface references were based on anthropometry data (anatomical landmarks, joint
locations, etc.).
Further details of the specific body region functional requirements and interface reference needs were
[30]
presented in the Design Brief.
A.2.4 Loading conditions and interaction needs
One requirement for WorldSID was that it function properly within the loading conditions specified by
existing and future harmonized test procedures. This was not to be restricted to the test procedures
themselves, which include MDB-type side-impact tests, pole tests, and component tests, but also includes
tests to enable development of vehicles, vehicle components, and restraints. It was beyond the scope
of the Design Brief to attempt to quantify every loading condition the dummy could be subjected to;
however, several requirements involved specifications of minimum responses the WorldSID should be
able to withstand or attain.
Further details of the specific body region loading conditions and interaction needs were presented in
[30]
the Design Brief.
A.2.5 Anthropometry needs
A.2.5.1 General
The WorldSID represents a mid-sized adult male vehicle occupant. Several anthropometry data sources
were studied and compared with data from studies on anthropometry of different populations around
the world. In September 1999, the WorldSID Task Group decided to accept the AMVO dataset for a 50th
[21]
percentile male (Robbins, D.H. et al. ). This dataset describes many anthropometry details of a mid-
sized adult male in an automotive posture. Included are a 3D surface description, almost 150 anatomical
reference points (including joint centres), definitions of segments (head, neck, etc.), and derivation of
inertial properties of these segments. The automotive posture as represented by the AMVO dataset is
defined as the design reference posture for the dummy.
Communications with UMTRI revealed that some corrections had to be made since the first release of
this dataset, specifically with respect to the H-point definition (yet unpublished information from the
ASPECT development). Humanetics (formerly FTSS) corrected the dataset and created a 3D stickman
diagram (lines connecting the joint centres) within the outer shell definition and anatomical landmarks.
The Design Team used these as references for the WorldSID design. A detailed description of the
[17]
anthropometry needs is given in Moss, S. et al.
A.2.5.2 Overall landmarks
The anthropometric landmark targets for WorldSID are specified in Table A.3.
Table A.3 — Landmarks
Landmark Description x y z
mm mm mm
vertebral column
7 C7 -264 0 499,4
8 T4 -291 0 390,4
10 T12 -244 0 156,4
12 L5 -172 0 23,4
14 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

Table A.3 (continued)
Landmark Description x y z
mm mm mm
pelvis
27 iliocristale -78 ±161 103,4
28 anterior superior illiac spine (l,r) -23 ±116 93,4
29 pubic symphysis 53 0 51,4
31 throchanterion (skeletal reconstruc- 22 ±203 -9,6
tion) (l,r)
32 H-point 0 ±83,5 0
shoulder
35 greater tubercle humerus (l,r) Not specified ±218 Not specified
joint centres
54 head/neck -194 0 598,4
55 c7/t1 -191 0 479,4
58 t12/l1 -175 0 175,4
60 l5/s1 -89 0 39
61 sternoclavicular -143 ±43 443,4
62 claviscapular -228 ±168
...