ISO 12648:2006

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12648
Second edition
2006-01-15
Graphic technology — Safety
requirements for printing press systems
Technologie graphique — Exigences de sécurité pour systèmes de
presses à imprimer
Reference number
©
ISO 2006
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©  ISO 2006
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 1
3 Terms and definitions. 4
4 Classification of machines covered by this International Standard . 13
4.1 Machines for producing printing by various processes. 13
4.2 Auxiliary equipment. 13
5 Guarding against significant hazards. 14
5.1 General. 14
5.2 Guards. 14
5.3 In-running (in-going) nips . 17
5.4 Guarding in-running nips. 17
5.5 Interlocks. 21
5.6 Hold-to-run controls . 23
5.7 Automatic format setting operations. 24
5.8 Other safeguarding measures. 25
5.9 Guarding of machine devices and components. 26
6 Requirements for protection against other hazards . 47
6.1 General. 47
6.2 Fire and explosion . 47
6.3 Spillage from washing devices . 51
6.4 Electrical equipment. 51
6.5 Working platforms, access stairs, passageways and raised workplaces . 52
6.6 Stability. 56
6.7 High contact temperatures . 57
6.8 Noise. 57
6.9 Electrostatic toner dust. 57
6.10 Radiation hazards. 58
6.11 Stationary knives. 59
6.12 Rotary tools . 59
6.13 Transport and storage of hazardous tools. 59
6.14 Protruding machine parts . 59
6.15 Handwheels and cranks. 59
6.16 Washing equipment for printing formes, rollers and doctor blades . 59
6.17 Alcohol dosing devices. 60
6.18 Refrigerating devices in ink and dampening units . 61
6.19 Powder spraying devices. 61
6.20 Routine handling of heavy machine parts . 61
6.21 Oxidizers, incinerators or thermal cleaning plants .61
7 Release from a hazardous situation . 61
8 Control zones . 62
9 Controls. 63
9.1 General. 63
9.2 Manual control devices . 63
9.3 Initiating machine motion . 71
9.4 Hold-to-run controls . 72
9.5 Two-hand controls . 72
9.6 Electro-sensitive protective devices. 73
9.7 Pressure-sensitive mats, pressure-sensitive bumpers, trip devices . 73
9.8 Braking devices and clutches. 74
10 Control stations. 75
10.1 Motion-control stations . 75
10.2 Remote access. 76
11 Control systems. 79
11.1 General requirements. 79
11.2 Additional requirements for hand-fed machines where the operator's hands enter the
point of operation. 80
11.3 Control systems for screen printing presses . 81
12 Ergonomics and labelling of indicators and actuators. 81
13 Signals and warning devices. 81
13.1 General. 81
13.2 Audible warning system. 82
13.3 Area-light warning system . 86
14 Warning signs and labels. 86
15 Information for use . 87
15.1 Minimum requirements for machine markings. 87
15.2 Contents of instruction handbook . 88
Annex A (informative) Hazards associated with printing press systems. 93
Annex B (informative) Explosion-protection zones . 96
Annex C (informative) Risk analysis relating to the pitch angle of access stairs . 99
Annex D (informative) Example layout of instruction handbooks. 101
Annex E (normative) Area-light warning system . 103
Bibliography . 105

iv © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12648 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12648:2003), the following subclauses of which
have been technically revised.
⎯ 5.1: A requirement has been added to enable needed observation and adjustment with guards closed.
⎯ 5.2.2.1: The use of risk assessment has been added to requirements, as appropriate.
⎯ 5.5.6.3: A requirement to protect against malfunction of the interlock circuit as a result of short circuits has
been added.
⎯ 5.9.2.11: The exception to the requirements for protection of hazard zones on the unwinding unit of
automatic reel-loading systems has been removed.
⎯ 5.9.7 – 5.9.9: Requirements relating to guarding of the gripper area have been added.
⎯ 6.5.2.4: For access platforms, a maximum handle diameter has been added.
⎯ 9.2: A requirement for the use of symbology defined in ISO 15847 has been added.
⎯ 9.2.3: A requirement for the colour of manual control devices in accordance with IEC 60204-1 has been
added.
⎯ 9.2.4.1.2: The location of emergency control devices has been clarified.
⎯ 13.2.2: The timing of the audible alarm during the warning period has been changed.
⎯ 13.2.6: Requirements for optional personnel warning lights for auxiliary equipment having armed status
have been added.
⎯ 15.2: Additional requirements for the contents of the instruction handbook have been defined.
Introduction
During the development of this International Standard, existing relevant standards of other countries were
taken into consideration. An effort has been made to harmonize the requirements of all countries, recognizing
that national standards or laws may dictate national requirements. In cases where it was known that there is a
national requirement that differs from this International Standard, that has been noted.
[55]
This International Standard has taken into consideration material contained in ANSI B65.1-1995 ,
[11] [12]
EN 1010-1 and EN 1010-2 .
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that
compliance with this document may involve the use of one or more patents concerning the use of ESPDs in
the delivery area. The patents identified are:
⎯ German Patent DE 103 10 236 B3
⎯ PCT patent application WO 2004/078626 A1
ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.
The holders of this patent right have provided ISO with the following statement:
The companies Koenig & Bauer AG, Friedrich-Koenig-Strasse 4, 97080 Würzburg (D), Heidelberger
Druckmaschinen AG, Kurfürsten-Anlage 52-60, 69115 Heidelberg (D) and MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG,
Mühlheimer Strasse 341, 63075 Offenbach (D) (“Patent Owners”) as the exclusive owners of the German
Patent DE 103 10 236 B3 and the PCT patent application WO 2004/078626 A1 (“Patents”) herewith declare
not to enforce any rights resulting from the German Patent DE 103 10 236 B3 and the PCT patent application
WO 2004/078626 A1 against any third parties in any countries that intend to comply with the ISO/TC 130,
CEN/TC 198, ANSI B65 standards, or any other local or regional standards that use the ISO/TC 130
standards or the relevant parts thereof or any derivative standards thereof. This declaration is legally binding
for all current owners of the above-mentioned patent and patent application and their future legal successors.
Information may be obtained from:
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Intellectual Property R3
Kurfürsten-Anlage 52-60
D-69115 Heidelberg
Germany
Tel: +49-6221/92-3027
Fax: +49-6221/92-3099
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights other than those identified above. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
vi © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12648:2006(E)

Graphic technology — Safety requirements for printing press
systems
1 Scope
This International Standard provides safety requirements for the design and construction of machines used in
printing press systems, including auxiliary equipment and finishing machines, in which all the machine
actuators (e.g. drives) of the equipment in the system are controlled by the same control system.
It is applicable only to systems in which a printing press is part of the system. In cases where a
[32]
binding/finishing system is not integrated with a printing press, ISO 12649 will apply.
It addresses recognized hazards specific to printing press systems in the following areas:
⎯ mechanical;
⎯ electrical;
⎯ slipping, tripping, falling;
⎯ ergonomics;
⎯ noise;
⎯ radiation;
⎯ fire and explosion;
⎯ thermal;
⎯ emissions.
Equipment covered by this International Standard may be used in a stand-alone configuration, or in
combination with other machines affected by an integrated control system. These may include, but are not
limited to, the combinations of the machines noted in Clause 4.
This International Standard applies to machines manufactured one year or more after the date of publication
of this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8031, Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies — Determination of electrical resistance
ISO 11553:1996, Safety of machinery — Laser processing machines — Safety requirements
ISO/TR 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and
equipment — Part 1: Planning
ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology
ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical
principles
ISO 13849-1:1999, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design
ISO 13850, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design
ISO 13851:2002, Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices — Functional aspects and design
principles
ISO 13852:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the
upper limbs
ISO 13854, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
ISO 13855, Safety of machinery — Positioning of protective equipment with respect to the approach speeds of
parts of the human body
ISO 13856-1, Safety of machinery — Pressure-sensitive protective devices — Part 1: General principles for
design and testing of pressure-sensitive mats and pressure-sensitive floors
ISO 14119:1998, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design
and selection
ISO 14120, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed
and movable guards
ISO 14122-1, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of a fixed
means of access between two levels
ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms
and walkways
ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders
and guard-rails
1)
ISO 15847:— , Graphic technology — Graphical symbols for printing press systems and finishing systems,
including related auxiliary equipment
IEC 60079-1, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 1: Flameproof enclosures “d”
IEC 60079-2, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 2: Pressurized enclosures “p”
IEC 60079-5, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 5: Powder filling “q”
IEC 60079-6, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 6: Oil-immersion “o”
IEC 60079-7, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 7: Increased safety “e”

1) To be published.
2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

IEC 60079-11, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 11: Intrinsic safety “I”
IEC 60079-14, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 14: Electrical installations in
hazardous areas (other than mines)
IEC 60079-18, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 18: Construction, test and marking
of type of protection encapsulation 'm' electrical apparatus
IEC 60204-1:2000, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements
IEC 60825-1, Safety of laser products — Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and user’s guide
IEC 60947-5-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching
elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices
IEC 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and laboratory use —
Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61310-1, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for visual,
auditory and tactile signals
IEC 61310-2, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 2: Requirements for marking
IEC 61496-1:2004, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests
IEC 61496-2, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 2: Particular requirements
for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs)
EN 378-1, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps. Safety and environmental requirements — Part 1: Basic
requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria
EN 563, Safety of machinery — Temperatures of touchable surfaces — Ergonomics data to establish
temperature limit values for hot surfaces
EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection — Part 1: Basic concepts and
methodology
EN 1539, Dryers and ovens, in which flammable substances are released — Safety requirements
EN 1760-2, Safety of machinery — Pressure sensitive protective devices — Part 2: General principles for the
design and testing of pressure sensitive edges and pressure sensitive bars
EN 12198-1:2000, Safety of machinery —Assessment and reduction of risks arising from radiation emitted by
machinery — Part 1: General principles
EN 13023, Noise measurement methods for printing, paper converting, paper making machines and auxiliary
equipment — Accuracy grades 2 and 3
NFPA 86, Ovens and furnaces. Available from Internet
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 13849-1and the following apply.
3.1
access height in the sheet-fed press delivery zone
dimension of the maximum opening into the area below the sheet gripper, measured between the access level
(floor, fixed platform or footboard) and the lower edge of fixed machine parts (e.g. fixed guard, fixed cover,
fixed parts such as a sheet stop) (see Figure 18)
3.2
actuator
part of the actuating system to which an external actuating force is applied
[54]
[IEV 441-15-22]
NOTE 1 The actuator can take the form of a handle, knob, pushbutton, roller, plunger, etc.
NOTE 2 There are some actuating means that do not require an external actuating force but only an action.
NOTE 3 See also machine actuator (3.39).
3.3
alcohol dosing equipment
device(s) used to regulate the amount of alcohol in the dampening water of offset printing presses
3.4
armed condition
machine status in which machine motion can be automatically initiated
NOTE Zero speed (3.92) can be considered an armed condition.
3.5
audible alarm
horn, bell or other distinctive audible warning device that sounds to indicate impending machine motion
3.6
authorized person
person identified by plant management as having special training or designated to act in specified situations
NOTE The specified situations can include special tasks to be performed; the function of the adjustments in the work
zone; proper operation of adjustments and controls; all types of hazards in the area where the task is to be performed; the
application of equivalent, alternative protection to perform the task; improper actions that can cause injury; the
consequences of those improper actions.
3.7
automatic plate clamping device
mechanism used to secure a printing plate during the automatic or semi-automatic changing of the plates
3.8
auxiliary devices for printing presses
mechanisms or machines, either built-in or attached, used for the production process
3.9
barrier guard
guard (3.32) that reduces or prevents access to a hazard zone by closing off access to an area containing
one or more hazards
4 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

3.10
bypass function
bypass sequence
temporary, time-limited suppression of one or more safety functions through the use of safety-relevant parts of
a control system
3.11
category 0 stop
uncontrolled stop
stopping by immediate removal of power to the machine actuators (3.39)
[IEC 60204-1:2000]
3.12
category 1 stop
controlled stop with power available to the machine actuators (3.39) to achieve the stop and then removal of
power when the stop is achieved
[IEC 60204-1:2000]
3.13
category 2 stop
controlled stop with power to the machine actuators (3.39) being maintained
[IEC 60204-1:2000]
3.14
coating unit
coater
machine that applies a predetermined thickness of a liquid substance (e.g. glue, varnish, ink, etc.) on
substrates made of paper or a similar material
NOTE The thickness of the layer is determined by a doctor blade (scraper) or by the gap between two rollers
(metering gap).
3.15
continuous-flow drying and curing device
mechanism built into printing presses to dry and cure inks and coatings that have been applied to substrates
after the printing process (e.g. by hot air, IR or UV radiation)
3.16
continuous run
machine motion at a steady speed initiated by a momentary contact control
3.17
control station
defined location containing one or more controls
3.18
control zone
control configuration of single or multiple machine motions using the same control devices (see Clause 8)
3.19
crawl speed
continuous movement at a steady slow speed, and initiated by a momentary contact control
3.20
cylinder
smooth roller
elongated solid body with a circular cross-section having a smooth surface; i.e. with grooves or elevations no
more than 4 mm deep and with circumferential slots no more than 8 mm wide with no sharp or cutting edges
(see Figure 1)
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 1 — Smooth roller/cylinder
3.21
cylinder screen printing press
sheet-fed machine in which the substrate (sheet) to be printed is guided along the screen by a printing
cylinder (3.20)
3.22
digital printing press
machine in which the printed image is produced from data stored in digital form (e.g. exposing a photo-
sensitive drum or film in the machine)
3.23
electrical hazard
source of potential injury or death from electric shock or burn
3.24
electro-sensitive protective device
ESPD
apparatus that detects the presence of a person or part of a person or object in a defined area, using any
detection means including, but not limited to, photoelectric, light screen, ultrasonic, etc.
3.25
emergency stop device
manually actuated control used to initiate an emergency stop function (3.26)
[ISO 13850:1996]
3.26
emergency stop function
mechanism initiated by a single human motion and intended to halt machine activity in order to avoid injury to
persons, damage to machinery or damage to work in progress
3.27
enabling device
mechanism that must be in a specified state or condition in order for a second actuator or device to start a
machine under hold-to-run control (3.34), and which will stop machine movement as soon as one of the
hold-to-run controls is released or the status of the mechanism changes
6 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

3.28
exposing devices
machinery used for creating images by exposing photo-sensitive material such as printing plates or printing
formes
3.29
fixed guard
guard (3.32) that is securely affixed by fasteners that require a tool(s) to gain access to an area with a
significant hazard
3.30
forms printing press
leporello printing press
machine for the production of continuous forms where paper webs printed with one or more colours are
accordian-folded or wound on to a reel
NOTE In addition to the printing section, the machine consists of devices for punching, remaliners (sprocket
punching), cross perforation, longitudinal perforation and leporello (zig-zag) folding.
3.31
gravure press
machine consisting of a printing cylinder, an inking system in which ink is applied to the printing cylinder by an
ink roll or spray and the excess is removed by a doctor blade and an impression cylinder covered with a
rubber composition, which presses the substrate into contact with the ink in the cells of the printing cylinder
3.32
guard
physical barrier that restricts access to a significant hazard (3.80)
3.33
hazard zone
any area within and/or around machinery in which a person is exposed to risk of injury or damage to health
[adapted from ISO 12100-1:2003)]
3.34
hold-to-run control
control that starts and maintains machine motion only as long as the control is activated
3.35
inch
jog
〈operation of machinery〉 machine motion requiring maintained activation engagement of a hold-to-run
control (3.34) and which will continue until the control is released or until a pre-determined displacement
(limited inch) has been reached
3.36
inch speed
how fast the press is operating while in inch (3.35) mode
3.37
infrequently used workplace
area in which an activity is carried out, such as observation, make-ready, jam clearing, minor servicing,
crossing inserting hoppers or conveyer belts, etc., that is routine, repetitive, integral to (but not necessarily
during) production, and done only on an occasional basis
3.38
in-running nip
area created either by two rotating components that are rotating inward, or by one rotating component rotating
toward an adjacent surface (see Figure 2)

a)  Two counter- b)  Two rolls c)  Two rolls d)  One rotating roll e)  Belt, chain or
rotating rolls rotating in the rotating in the and an adjacent web which is
same direction at same direction, fixed object driving, or being
different speeds but with different driven by, a roll
surface
properties
(friction)
Figure 2 — In-running nips
3.39
machine actuator
power mechanism used to effect motion of a machine
[ISO 13850:1996]
3.40
maintained-contact control
control that remains in an opened or closed state after its activation
3.41
maintenance
operation(s) required to assure that the machine remains in acceptable operating condition and that is/are
usually performed when the machine is not available for production
NOTE Maintenance (e.g., repairing or replacing broken, worn or damaged parts; performing lubrication; preventive
servicing, etc.) is normally performed by qualified maintenance personnel, or operators, who have been trained about the
types of hazards in the area in which their tasks are to be performed and about how these hazards can be avoided. Such
maintenance is generally performed with energy isolated, when possible.
3.42
make-ready
tasks preceding a production run, such as adjusting ink controls for proper colour, plate alignment for proper
registration, adjusting pressures, measurement with quality control devices, etc.
3.43
manual control device
mechanism comprising part of the actuating system to which a manual action is applied
[54]
[Adapted from IEV 441-15-22]
3.44
mechanical hazard
source of potential injury to a person, created by motion of machinery, components or material (e.g. crushing
and shearing points; trapping points; in-running nips; cutting, punching and impact points)
8 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

EXAMPLES Gear, chain and worm drives; V-belt, flat belt, cord and rope drives; pulling and supporting elements on
continuous conveyors; spoke wheels and fly wheels; shafts and shaft ends; rollers; slides; push rods and similar parts,
tools and clamping devices.
3.45
mechanical hazard point
location of a mechanical hazard on a machine where a person can be injured by parts of a machine or by
machine movement, such as tools (knife blades, etc.) of machines, or parts thereof; work pieces or parts
thereof, or materials being processed.
3.46
momentary contact control
control that is opened or closed only during its actuation
3.47
motion control
control that initiates machine movement or movement at zero speed (3.92), or places the machine in the
armed condition (3.4)
3.48
motion control station
station that contains a motion control (3.47)
3.49
motion zone
area defined by any press component, or group of press components, that is driven directly by the press
system drive motor(s) or machine actuator(s) (3.39), or indirectly by the web
3.50
movable control station
control station that is permanently wired to the equipment, but which can be moved within a range limited by
the length of the attached cable
3.51
movable guard
guard (3.32) that does not require a tool to move or remove it to gain access to a significant hazard
3.52
newspaper printing presses
machines that are designed and built mainly for printing newspapers
3.53
nip guard
guard (3.32) located at an in-going nip
EXAMPLES Nip bar, finger bar, finger guard.
3.54
non-motion zone
area defined by any press component, or group of press components, which, due to system configuration, is
not driven by the press system drive motor(s) or by the web
NOTE A freestanding (not press mounted) console is considered to be a non-motion zone.
3.55
normal operation
usual functioning and conditions that exist during set-up, make-ready, production and minor servicing,
adjusting and cleaning performed by operators, but not including maintenance (3.41) operations
3.56
operating position
location where normal functions (make-ready and other routine, repetitive tasks) requiring control of main
drive motor(s) are performed
3.57
permissive period
time interval during which machine motion can be initiated (see 13.2.3)
3.58
personnel warning lights
red and green lights used to indicate the ready, running and safe conditions of the printing press relative to
personnel safety
NOTE These lights are not the same as machine status lights (3.81).
3.59
pile turner
device attached to sheet-fed printing presses and used to turn piles of printed paper for further processing,
such as back-printing on a second run
3.60
portable control station
control station that can be disconnected from one location, moved to another location and be reconnected
3.61
positive mechanical action
linkage of one component with another component such that movement of the former inevitably compels
movement of the latter, either by direct contact or by a rigid connection
NOTE 1 This definition also applies to a component that prevents any movement of another component by virtue of its
presence.
NOTE 2 When the movement of one mechanical component simply allows another component to move freely (e.g. by
gravity, spring force, etc.), there is no positive mechanical action of the former component on the latter.
3.62
positive opening
contact separation as the direct result of a specified movement of the actuator (3.2) through non-resilient
members, e.g. those not dependent on springs
3.63
powder spraying devices
equipment used to spray powder onto the printed material on the delivery side of sheet-fed printing presses
3.64
press system
printing press and a series of machines that supply substrate into and through the printing press and guide or
direct the substrate to a cutting, folding or delivery device that delivers the product to the last working station
integrated with the printing press control system
3.65
printing forme
printing plate
base material that stores the image to be printed (pictures and/or text) and transfers ink on to a substrate, thus
printing the image
10 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

3.66
printing table
supportive surface to hold the substrate to be printed during the printing process (as on certain types of
screen printing presses)
3.67
proofing press
machine with manual feeding and delivery used for printing a small number of copies, and generally used for
assessing print quality before the printing forme is mounted in the machine
3.68
raised workplace
areas where functions are regularly performed, and are at least 0,5 m above access level
3.69
ready condition
status of a machine in which motion can be initiated by the operator
3.70
reel rewinding device
part of a machine used for rewinding the processed web-type material
3.71
reel turner
device used to turn reels (webs) of substrate for easier handling, e.g. for correct positioning of the reel when
feeding webs to printing presses
3.72
reel unwinding device
part of a machine used for unrolling web-type material for processing
3.73
remote control
connection to the control station of a machine by use of an external communication link
3.74
routine and regular access
repetitive access to a hazard point that is required for manual feeding of a machine during normal production
activity
3.75
safe condition
machine status in which movement of the main drive motor(s) (prime mover) of the motion zone is prevented,
which may apply to the entire machine or to one or more motion zones, and which exists only when one or
more stop/safe or emergency stop pushbuttons is/are latched in the depressed position
3.76
screen frame
device for taking up the printing screen
3.77
screen printing press
machine using printing formes with woven material (screens) that partially allow ink to penetrate through the
material
3.78
separating elements
parts on feeders of sheets, blanks or similar materials that separate the individual sheets, blanks, etc.
3.79
sheet-fed press
machine for printing sheet-size substrates, including proofing presses, in which sheets may be fed by feeders
(automatic or manual), or from sheeters attached to unwinding units
3.80
significant hazard
potential source of severe or disabling injury, or death
3.81
status lights
lights that indicate machine status or machine process condition
NOTE These are not the same as personnel warning lights (3.58).
3.82
tool
implement, such as a key or spanner, designed to operate a fastener
NOTE An item such as a coin or nail file is not considered a tool.
3.83
trip bar
protective bar that, when pushed, activates the interlocked safety system of the machine
3.84
trip nip bar
movable protective bar located at an in-running nip (3.38) that, when pushed, activates the interlocked safety
system of the machine
3.85
two-hand control
safety device that consists of two manual control devices that must be operated simultaneously by a single
operator to initiate potentially hazardous machine motion
3.86
warning period
time interval during which machine motion is prevented and a warning is given to personnel that machine
motion is about to occur
3.87
washing device for roller/cylinder
equipment integrated into the printing press for washing cylinders and rollers such as ink rollers, blanket
cylinders, printing cylinders, plate cylinders
3.88
washing equipment for printing formes
machines for washing printing formes outside the printing press
EXAMPLE Screen washing equipment.
3.89
web-fed press
press in which a substrate passes through the printing couple, or couples, in a continuous form, as fed from a
roll
3.90
web-type material
web of paper, board, foil or similar material that is to be handled or processed
12 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

3.91
wireless control
transmission of commands and signals between a machine-control system and the motion-control station(s)
using means other than a physical connection
3.92
zero speed
condition of machine movement in which the drive control system is actively holding the machine at a position
and while machine movement is not discernible, machine movement can be initiated without warning
NOTE Zero speed can be considered to be an armed condition (3.4).
4 Classification of machines covered by this International Standard
4.1 Machines for producing printing by various processes
The following categories of printing press are covered by this International Standard:
⎯ relief (letterpress, flexographic);
⎯ offset (lithographic);
⎯ gravure (rotogravure, intaglio);
⎯ screen printing;
⎯ digital (electrostatic, ink jet, thermal, etc.).
New technologies should incorporate the safety principles set forth in this International Standard, in their
design.
4.2 Auxiliary equipment
Auxiliary equipment that is part of a printing press system is covered by this International Standard.
EXAMPLE The following are examples of auxiliary equipment often part of a printing press system, depending on
the process:
⎯ washing equipment for cylinders and rollers;
⎯ powder spraying devices;
⎯ alcohol
...