ISO/IEC TR 8802-1:1994

TECHNICAL
ISO/IEC
REPORT
TR 8802-1
r.*
First editior
1994-1 2-1 E
Information technology -
Telecommunications and information
exchange between systems - Local and
metropolitan area networks - Specific
requirements -
Part 1:
Overview of Local Area Network Standards
Technologies de l‘information - Télécommunications et échange
d’information entre systèmes - Réseaux locaux et métropolitains -
Exigences spécifiques -
Partie I: Vue d’ensemble sur /es normes de réseaux locaux
Reference numbe
ISO/IEC TR 8802-1 11 994(E

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ISO/IEC TR 8802-1:1994(E)
Contents
Page
1 . Scope . 1
2 . Normative References
.............................................. 2
3 . Abbreviations
.............................................. 3
4 . Local Area Network Technologies . 3
4.1. Introduction . 3
4.2. The LAN Technologies
.............................................. 4
4.2.1.CSMA/CD
.............................................. 4
4.2.2. Token-passing Bus . 4
4.2.3. Token-passing Ring . b . 5
4.2.4. Distributed Queue Dual Bus . 5
4.2.5. Slotted Ring . 5
4.2.6. Fibre Distributed Data Interface . 5
4.3. Cabling Aspects . 5
5 . Data Link Layer
.............................................. 6
.............................................. 6
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Provision and Support of the Data Link Layer Service . 6
6 . Medium Access Control Sublayer . 6
6.1. Introduction . 6
.
6.2. Provision and Support of the MAC Service . 6
6.2.1. Connectionless-mode Service . 6
e
6.2.2. Acknowledged Connectionless-mode Service . 7
6.3.48-Bit MAC Address Format . 7
6.4. Standard Group MAC Addresses . 7
7 . Logical Link Control Sublayer . 8
7.1. Provision and Support of the LLC Services . 8
7.1.1. LLC Type 1 Connectionless-mode Operation . 8
7.1.2. LLC Type 2 Connection-mode Operation . 8
7.1.3. LLC Type 3 Acknowledged Connectionless-mode Operation . 8
7.2. Logical Link Control Addresses . ~ . 8
O ISO/IEC 1994
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Printed in Switzerland
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O ISO/IEC ISOfiEC TR 8802-1:1994(E)
8. Internetworking . 9
8.1. Transparent Bridging . 9
8.2. Source Routing . 9
.............................................. 9
8.3. Source Routing Transparent Architecture
.............................................. 9
9. System Load Protocol
.............................................. 10
10. The Use of PICS Proforma
11. Management . 10
Annex A The Numbering Scheme for LAN/MAN International Standards . 11
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ISO/IEC TR 8802-1:1994(E) 0 ISO/IEC
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International
Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide
standardization. National bodies that are members of IS0 or IEC participate in the
development of International Standards through technical committees established by
the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. IS0 and
EC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with IS0 and IEC, also
take part in the work.
In the field of information technology, IS0 and IEC have established a joint technical
committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards, but in
exceptional circumstances a technical committee may propose the publication of a
Technical Report of one of the following types:
- type 1, when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication
of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts;
- type 2, when the subject is still under technical development or where for
any other reason there is the future but not immediate possibility of an
agreement on an International Standad
- type 3, when a technical committee has collected data of a different kind
from that which is normally published as an International Standard ("state of the
art", for example).
Technical Reports of types 1 and 2 are subject to review within three years of
publication, to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
Technical Reports of type 3 do not necessarily have to be reviewed until the data they
provide are considered to be no longer valid or useful.
ISO/IEC TR 8802-1, which is a Technical Report of type 3, was prepared by Joint
Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Znformution technology, Subcommittee SC 6,
Telecommunications and informution exchange between systems.
ISO/IEC 8802 consists of the following parts, under the general title Znformution
technology - Telecommunications and informution exchange between systems -
Local and metropolitan area networks - Specijk requirements:
- Part I: Overview of Local Area Network Standards
[Technical Report]
- Part 2: Logical link control
- Part 3: Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMNCD)
access method and physical layer spec@ations
- Part 4: Token-passing bus access method and physical layer speciJcations
- Part 5: Token ring access method and physical layer specifications
- Part 6: Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB) access method and physical layer
specijkations
- Part 7: Slotted ring access method and physical layer specijication
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ISO/IEC TR 8802-1:1994(E) I
O 1somc
Introduction
l
This technical report introduces the set of International Standards produced to facilitate
the interconnection of information processing systems connected to Local Area
L
Networks (LAN). The LAN is a shared-medium peer-to-peer communications networ ,
that broadcasts information for all end systems to receive. As a consequence it does nol
inherently provide privacy. The LAN enables end system communication directly usin4
a common physical medium on a point-to-point basis without the involvement of and
intermediate system. I
relate to local area networks; specifically the ISO/LEC 8802 technologies and FDDI.

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ISOAEC TR 8802-1:1994(E) I
TECHNICAL REPORT @ ISO/IEC
/
Information technology - Telecommunications and
information exchange between systems - Local and
metropolitan area networks - Specific
requirements -
Part 1:
Overview of Local Area Network Standards
e
1. Scope
This technical report provides an introduction to the set of International Standards which describe local area
networks, specifically those which make use of the 48-bit address format.
In addition the MAC Service definition will be central to the operation of these technologies both as service
providers and service users.
The scope of this Technical Report is therefore limited to those International Standards which describe
processes and procedures resident in the Data Link and Physical Layers of the OS1 Basic Reference Model and
can be said to relate to local area networks.
e
This technical report does not itself describe new Service or Protocol definitions. Its intent is to set the context
for local area networks which include both the International Standards describing FDDI and the technologies
described by the set of ISO/IEC 8802 International Standards.

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O ISO/IEC
ISOA'R 8802-1:1994(E)
I 2. References
NOTE - It was agreed in October 1993 to revise the existing numbering scheme of LANMAN International
Standards within ISO/IEC JTCl to provide alignment with the numbering scheme used by IEEE for their
he re-
LAN/MAN Standards. The process of introducing the new scheme for new International Standards and
numbering of existing International Standards is on-going. Annex A describes the new numbering scheme in
detail and indicates how its implementation will proceed.
IS0 7498 : 1984, Information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - Basic Reference Model.
IS0 7498-3 : 1989, information processing systems - Open Systems Interconnection - Part 3: Naming and
addressing.
ISO/IEC 8802-2 : 1994, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between end
systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Specific requirements - Part 2: Logical link control.
ISO/IEC 8802-2/AM 5 : 1991, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange
between systems - Local and metropolitan area network - Guidelines for bridged LAN source routeing
operation by end systems.
ISO/IEC 8802-3 : 1993, Information processing systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 3:
Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMNCD) access method and physical layer
specification.
ISODEC 8802-4 : 1990, Information processing systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 4:
Token-passing bus access method and physical layer specification.
ISO/IEC 8802-5 : -l), Information processing systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 5: Token
ring access method and physical layer specification.
ISO/IEC 8802-6 : 1993, Information processing systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 6
Distributed queue dual bus (DQDB) access method and physical layer specification
IS0 8802-7 : 1991, Information technology - Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 7: Slotted ring access
method and physical layer specification.
IS0 9314-1 : 1989, Information processing systems - Fibre-Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) - Token ring
physical layer protocol (PHY).
IS0 9314-2 : 1989, Information processing systems - Fibre-Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) - Token ring
medium access control (MAC).
ISODEC 9314-3 : 1990, Information processing systems - Fibre-Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) - Physical
layer medium dependent (PMD).
ISO/IEC CD 9314-6 : 1994, Information Processing system - Fibre-Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) - Station
management (SMT).
ISODEC 15802-1 : -*), Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems - Local and metropolitan area network - Common specifications - Medium access control service
definition. (Formerly published as ISODEC 10039)
ISO/IEC 10038 : 1993, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems - Local and metropolitan area network - MAC Bridging. (In the future to be published as ISO/IEC
15 802-3)
1) To be published.
2

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ISO/IEC TR 8802-1:1994(E)
O ISOIIEC
I
ISODEC 15802-4 : 1994, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between
~
systems - Local and metropolitan area network - Common specifications - LAN system load protocol.
I
,
I
ISO/IEC 10742 : 1994, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between
I
systems - Elements of management information related to OS1 Data Link layer standards.
TR 11802-1 : 1994, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange betweer
ISO/IEC
systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Technical reports and guidelines - The structure and coding a
logical link control addresses in Local Area Networks. (Formerly published as ISO/IEC TR10178)
ISO/IEC TR 11802-2 : 1994, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange betweer
systems - Local and metropolitan area networks - Technical reports and guidelines - Standard Group MAC
Addresses. (Formerly published as ISO/D3C TR 10735)
ISO/IEC 8886 : 1992 I ITU-T Recommendation X.212, Information technology - Telecommunications and
information exchange between end systems - Data Link service definition for Open Systems Interconnection.
: 1994, Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between end
ISO/IEC 11575
systems - Provision and support of the OS1 Data Link service.
ISODEC 10165-4 : 1992, Information technology - Open systems interconnection - Status of management
information - Part 4 : Guidelines for the definition of management objects.
ISO/IEC TR 9577 : 1993, Information Technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between
systems - Protocol identification in the network layer.
ISO/IEC 11801 : -I), Information technology - Generic cabling for customer premises cabling.
3. Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are used in this Technical Report.
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
CSMA/CD
DLS Data Link Service
DQDB Distributed Queue Dual Bus
DSAP Destination Service Access Point
FDDI Fibre Distributed Data Interface
LAN Local Area Network
LLC Logical Link Control
MAC Media Access Control
MAN Metropolitan Area Network
PHY Physical Layer
PICS Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement
PMD Physical Layer Medium Dependent
SMT Station Management
SNAP Sub-network Access Protocol
SSAP Source Service Access Point
4. Local Area Network Technologies
4.1. Introduction
The local area network technologies considered in this Technical Report are shown in Table 1.
~~
1) To be published.

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O ISO/IEC
I ISQ/TR 8802-1:19?4(E)
Table 1 - Local area network technologies and their related International Standards
LAN Technology Data Transmission Rate International Standard
CSMAICD 1MbiiJs 1 10MbiUs ISO/IEC 8802-3
Token-passing Bus 5Mbit/s 1 lOMbit/s ISO/IEC 8802-4
ISOAEC 8802-5
Token-passing Ring 4MbitIs / 16MbitIs
ISOAEC 8802-6
DQDB no upper limit defined
10Mbit/s ISO/IEC 8802-7
Slotted Ring
100MbitIs ISOAEC 9314 -1 -2 -3 (-6)
FDDI
These International Standards are organised along the architectural lines of the OS1 Basic Reference model, and
in the case of the 8802 LANs into the medium-dependent aspects of the Physical Layer (PHY) and the formats
and protocols used by the particular media access control sublayer (MAC).
Figure 1 shows the relationship and dependencies of the various technologies within this overall architecture.
This family of International Standards deals with the physical and data link layers as defined by the ûpen
Systems Interconnection Reference Model. It comprises a set of medium access technologies and associated
physical media, each appropriate for particular applications or system objectives.
ISO/IFC 8802-2
DATA
LIINK
LAYER
8802-5 8802-6 8802-7
PHYSICAL
LAYER
0 ID b
Figure 1 - Relationship of family of International Standards for Local Area Networks
4.2. The LAN Technologies
LANs cover a wide variety of Physical Layer International Standards, physical media, and methods of media
access control. The following is a brief synopsis for each of the LAN technologies identified in Table 1,
however the reader is referred to the International Standard documents (see Clause 2) for the precise detail for
each of the LAN technologies.
4.2.1. CSMAICD
This form of LAN technology, Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection, controls access to the
medium by means by which two or more stations share a common transmission medium. To transmit, a station
waits (defers) for a quiet period on the medium (that is, no other station is transmitting) and then sends the
intended message in bit-seriai form. If, after initiating a transmission, the message collides with that of another
station, then each transmitting station intentionally sends a few additional bytes to ensure propagation of the
collision throughout the system. The station then remains silent for a random amount of time (backoff) before
attempting to transmit again. The CSMAICD LAN technology is defined for use on 50 ohm coaxial cable
(10BASE5 and 10BASE2), on unshielded twisted pair (10BASE-T), and on fibre optic cable (FOIRL and
10BASE-F).

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ISOflEC TR 8802-1:1994(1
o ISO/IEC
4.2.2. Token-passing Bus
This form of LAN technology controls access to the medium through the use of a bus transmitted token which
allows the holder to transmit information onto the bus. The token bus LAN technology is defined for use on
broadband coaxial cable, on baseband coaxial cable, and on fibre optic cable.
4.2.3. Token-passing Ring
In a token-passing ring, stations are serially connected to form a logical ring over which data and control
information is transmitted and received.
Access to this ring is controlled by a signalling sequence referred to as the "token" which circulates around the
ring from station to station.
A station desiring to transmit waits until it receives a token. The station changes the token to a start-of-
message, transmits its message and, upon completion of the message, releases a new token for use by other
stations on the ring.
Token ring is defined for operation on shielded and unshielded twisted pair medium at data rates of 4 and 16
Mbps. In addition, token ring may operate using fibre optic cable.
4.2.4. Distributed Queue Dual Bus
DQDB is defined to have the capability to work over the local area and to interoperate with the other local area
network technologies. In particular DQDB has the capability to use the 48-bit MAC address format and for thal
reason it is included in this Overview.
However, DQDB is more often encountered in the Metropolitan Area and it introduces the concept of the
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) where the development of a high speed technology to support
connectionless data services is required. Because of the differing environments in which the DQDB MAN will
be utilised, a variety of Physical Layer protocols are required. Physical Layer protocols which make use of
existing underlying transmission standards have been defined. However it is intended that all Physical Layer
specifications (PHY) will be based upon a common framework.
4.2.5. Slotted Ring
This form of LAN technology controls access to the medium through an entity known as a repeater. The
repeater entity encodes and decodes mini packets during the process of transmission and receipt between the
end station and the medium. The logical topology of the LAN is a ring which may be implemented as a physica
star. The medium is defined as unscreened twisted pair; two pairs being used to carry a single signal with a link
between end stations limited to lOOm in length. A single subnet may support up to 254 end stations with a ring
circumference of 4 km.
4.2.6. Fibre Distributed Data Interface
The Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) provides the digital baseband channel for point to point
communication between nodes on the FDDI network. It provides all
...