ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-15-7:2025

International
Standard
ISO/IEC/IEEE
8802-15-7
First edition
Information technology —
2025-09
Telecommunications and
information exchange between
systems — Local and metropolitan
area networks — Specific
requirements —
Part 15-7:
Short-range optical wireless
communications
Télécommunications et échange entre systèmes informatiques —
Exigences pour les réseaux locaux et métropolitains —
Partie 15-7: Communications optiques sans fil à courte portée
Reference number
© IEEE 2019
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ii
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© IEEE 2019 – All rights reserved
iii
IEEE Std 802.15.7™-2018
(Revision of
IEEE Std 802.15.7-2011)
IEEE Standard for
Local and metropolitan area networks—
Part 15.7: Short-Range
Optical Wireless Communications
Sponsor
LAN/MAN Standards Committee
of the
IEEE Computer Society
Approved 5 December 2018
IEEE-SA Standards Board
Abstract: A physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) sublayer for short-range
optical wireless communications (OWC) in optically transparent media using light wavelengths from
10 000 nm to 190 nm are defined. The standard is capable of delivering data rates sufficient to
support audio and video multimedia services and also considers mobility of the optical link,
compatibility with various light infrastructures, impairments due to noise and interference from
sources like ambient light, and a MAC sublayer that accommodates the unique needs of visible links
as well as the other targeted light wavelengths. It also accommodates optical communications for
cameras where transmitting devices incorporate light-emitting sources and receivers are digital
cameras with a lens and image sensor. The standard adheres to applicable eye safety regulations.
Keywords: IEEE 802.15.7™, laser diode, LD, LED, light-emitting diode, OCC, optical camera
communications, OWC, short-range optical wireless communications, visible light, visible-light
communication, VLC
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PDF: ISBN 978-1-5044-5431-5 STD23483
Print: ISBN 978-1-5044-5432-2 STDPD23483
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Participants
At the time this standard was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the IEEE P802.15.7
Working Group had the following membership:
Robert Heile, Chair
Patrick Kinney, Vice-Chair
Hendrik Ahlendorf Christopher Hett Jaroslaw Niewczas
Koorosh Akhavan Jay Holcomb Paul Nikolich
Iwao Hosako
Richard Alfvin Mohammad Noshad
Bernd Baer Brima Ibrahim
Aditya V. Padaki
David Barras Tetsushi Ikegami Taejoon Park
Tuncer Baykas Yeong Min Jang Glenn Parsons
Philip Beecher Seongah Jeong Charles Perkins
Friedbert Berens Seong-Soon Joo Albert Petrick
Monique Brown Volker Jungnickel Joe Polland
Chris Calvert S. G. Karthik Clinton Powell
Paul Kettle
Radhakrishna Canchi Demir Rakanovic
Jaesang Cha Shoichi Kitazawa
Ivan Reede
Matthew Chang Tero Kivinen Joerg Robert
Soo-Young Chang Daniel Knobloch Richard Roberts
Clint Chaplin Ryuji Kohno Benjamin Rolfe
Boris Danev Fumihide Kojima Ren Sakata
Luc Darmon Ann Krieger Ruben E. Salazar Cardozo
Hendricus De Ruijter Thomas Kuerner Ioannis Sarris
Brandon Dewberry Jack Lee
Peter Sauer
Anthony Fagan Frank Leong Nikola Serafimovski
James Gilb Huan-Bang Li Kunal Shah
Matthew Gillmore Qiang Li Tushar Shah
Tim Godfrey Zheda Li Stephen Shellhammer
Jianlin Guo Sang-Kyu Lim Gary Stuebing
Joachim Hammerschmidt Thomas Lorbach Don Sturek
Chong Han Masood Maqbool Billy Verso
Shinsuke Hara Vinayagam Mariappan
Xu Wang
Hiroshi Harada Alejandro Marquez Johannes Wechsler
Timothy Harrington Michael McInnis Brian Weis
Chris Hartman Ayman Naguib Hidetoshi Yokota
The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have
voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.
Nobumitsu Amachi Clinton Powell
Noriyuki Ikeuchi
Hideki Aoyama Venkatesha Prasad
Atsushi Ito
Harry Bims R. K. Rannow
Raj Jain
Nancy Bravin Sangkwon Jeong Maximilian Riegel
Demetrio Bucaneg Ruediger Kays Richard Roberts
William Byrd Stuart Kerry Robert Robinson
Radhakrishna Canchi Yongbum Kim Benjamin Rolfe
Jaesang Cha Shoichi Kitazawa Naotaka Sato
Soo-Young Chang Yasushi Kudoh Nikola Serafimovski
Suresh Channarasappa Thomas Kurihara Daniel Smith
Keith Chow Thomas Starai
Hyeong Ho Lee
Steven Crowley Walter Struppler
Michael Lynch
Avraham Freedman Mark Sturza
Elvis Maculuba
Yukihiro Fujimoto Mark-Rene Uchida
Nicolai Malykh
Randall Groves Vinayagam Mariappan George Vlantis
Michael Gundlach Stephen McCann Haifei Wang
Qiang Guo Ryan Mennecke Scott Willy
Marco Hernandez Nick S.A. Nikjoo Oren Yuen
Bansi Patel
When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 5 December 2018, it had the following
membership:
Jean-Philippe Faure, Chair
Gary Hoffman, Vice Chair
John D. Kulick, Past Chair
Konstantinos Karachalios, Secretary
Ted Burse Xiaohui Liu Robby Robson
Guido R. Hiertz Kevin Lu Dorothy Stanley
Christel Hunter Mehmet Ulema
Daleep Mohla
Joseph L. Koepfinger* Andrew Myles Phil Wennblom
Thomas Koshy Paul Nikolich Philip Winston
Howard Wolfman
Hung Ling Ronald C. Petersen
Annette D. Reilly Jingyi Zhou
Dong Liu
*Member Emeritus
Introduction
This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 802.15.7-2018, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area
networks—Part 15.7: Short-Range Optical Wireless Communications.
This edition is a revision of IEEE Std 802.15.7-2011 and broadens the standard’s scope to include more
optical wireless communications (OWC) technologies. This revision adds new clauses for physical layer
(PHY) types IV, V, and VI (see Clause 13, Clause 14, and Clause 15) and several related annexes (see
Annex G through Annex N).
In OWC, data is transmitted by intensity modulating optical sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
and laser diodes (LDs), faster than the persistence of the human eye. OWC merges lighting and data
communications in applications such as area lighting, signboards, streetlights, vehicles, traffic signals, status
indicators, displays, LED panel, and digital signage. This standard describes the use of OWC for optical
wireless personal area networks (OWPANs) and covers topics such as network topologies, addressing,
collision avoidance, acknowledgment, performance quality indication, dimming support, visibility support,
colored status indication, and color stabilization.
Contents
1. Overview. 16
1.1 Scope. 16
1.2 Purpose. 16
2. Normative references. 17
3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations. 17
3.1 Definitions . 17
3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations . 18
4. General description . 21
4.1 Introduction. 21
4.2 Network topologies. 21
4.2.1 Peer-to-peer topology . 22
4.2.2 Star topology . 22
4.2.3 Broadcast topology . 23
4.3 Modulation-domain spectrum. 23
4.4 Architecture . 23
4.4.1 PHY types . 24
4.4.2 MAC sublayer . 26
4.4.3 Dimming and flicker-mitigation support . 26
4.5 Functional overview . 31
4.5.1 Superframe structure . 32
4.5.2 Data transfer model . 32
4.5.3 Clock-rate selection . 34
4.5.4 Frame structure . 34
4.5.5 Improving probability of successful delivery . 34
4.6 Security . 35
4.7 Concept of primitives. 36
4.8 Some media access mechanisms by PHY types . 37
4.9 Decoding. 37
5. MAC protocol specifications . 38
5.1 MAC functional description .38
5.1.1 Channel access . 39
5.1.2 Starting a OWPAN . 45
5.1.3 Maintaining OWPANs . 51
5.1.4 Association and disassociation . 53
5.1.5 Synchronization . 55
5.1.6 Transaction handling . 57
5.1.7 Transmission, reception, and acknowledgment . 58
5.1.8 GTS allocation and management . 65
5.1.9 Fast link recovery . 70
5.1.10 Multiple channel resource assignment . 73
5.1.11 OWC cell design and mobility support . 75
5.1.12 Color function support . 78
5.1.13 Color stabilization .81
5.1.14 Visibility and dimming support . 82
5.2 MAC frame formats. 87
5.2.1 General MAC frame formats . 88
5.2.2 Format of individual frame types . 96
5.3 MAC command frames. 103
5.3.1 Association request command . 104
5.3.2 Association response command . 105
5.3.3 Disassociation notification command . 107
5.3.4 Data request command . 108
5.3.5 OWPAN ID conflict notification command . 109
5.3.6 Beacon request command . 109
5.3.7 Coordinator realignment command . 110
5.3.8 GTS request command . 111
5.3.9 Blinking notification command . 112
5.3.10 Dimming notification command . 113
5.3.11 Fast link recovery command . 113
5.3.12 Mobility notification command . 114
5.3.13 GTS response command . 114
5.3.14 Clock rate change notification command . 115
5.3.15 Multiple channel assignment command . 115
5.3.16 Color stabilization timer notification command . 116
5.3.17 Color stabilization information command . 116
5.3.18 CVD disable command . 116
5.3.19 Information element command . 117
6. MAC sublayer service specification . 124
6.1 Overview. 124
6.2 MAC data service . 124
6.2.1 MCPS-DATA.request . 125
6.2.2 MCPS-DATA.confirm . 128
6.2.3 MCPS-DATA.indication . 130
6.2.4 MCPS-PURGE.request . 132
6.2.5 MCPS-PURGE.confirm . 133
6.2.6 Data service message sequence chart . 134
6.3 MAC management service. 134
6.3.1 Association primitives . 135
6.3.2 Disassociation primitives . 143
6.3.3 Beacon notification primitive . 149
6.3.4 Primitives for reading PIB attributes . 151
6.3.5 GTS management primitives . 153
6.3.6 Primitives for resetting the MAC sublayer . 160
6.3.7 Primitives for specifying the receiver enable time . 161
6.3.8 Primitives for channel scanning . 165
6.3.9 Communication status primitive . 168
6.3.10 Primitives for writing PIB attributes . 172
6.3.11 Primitives for updating the superframe configuration . 174
6.3.12 Primitive for synchronizing with a coordinator . 179
6.3.13 Primitive for synchronization loss with a coordinator . 180
6.3.14 Primitives for requesting data from a coordinator . 183
6.4 MAC constants and PIB attributes. 186
6.4.1 MAC constants . 186
6.4.2 MAC PIB attributes . 188
6.5 Optical clock-rate selection . 199
6.5.1 Optical-clock-rate selection for peer-to-peer topology . 199
6.5.2 Optical-clock-rate selection for star topology . 202
6.5.3 Clock-rate selection for multicast topology . 204
6.6 Message sequence charts illustrating MAC-PHY interaction . 206
7. Security suite specifications. 214
7.1 Overview. 214
7.2 Functional description. 214
7.2.1 Outgoing frame security procedure . 214
7.2.2 Outgoing frame key retrieval procedure . 215
7.2.3 Incoming frame security procedure . 216
7.2.4 Incoming frame security material retrieval procedure . 218
7.2.5 Key descriptor lookup procedure . 219
7.2.6 Blacklist checking procedure . 219
7.2.7 Device descriptor lookup procedure . 220
7.2.8 Incoming security level checking procedure . 220
7.2.9 Incoming key usage policy checking procedure . 220
7.3 Security operations . 221
7.3.1 Integer and octet representation . 221
7.3.2 CCM* nonce . 221
7.3.3 CCM* prerequisites . 221
7.3.4 CCM* transformation data representation . 222
7.3.5 CCM* inverse transformation data representation . 223
7.4 Auxiliary Security header . 224
7.4.1 Integer and octet representation . 224
7.4.2 Security Control field . 224
7.4.3 Frame Counter field . 226
7.4.4 Key Identifier field . 226
7.5 Security-related MAC PIB attributes. 227
7.5.1 PIB security material . 227
7.5.2 Key table . 230
7.5.3 Device table . 231
7.5.4 Minimum security level table . 231
7.5.5 Frame counter . 231
7.5.6 Automatic request attributes . 231
7.5.7 Default key source . 231
7.5.8 Coordinator address . 231
8. PHY specification . 232
8.1 Overview. 232
8.2 Operating modes . 232
8.3 General requirements. 235
8.3.1 Wavelength band plan . 235
8.3.2 Optical mapping . 235
8.3.3 Maximum error tolerance for multiple optical sources . 236
8.3.4 Minimum LIFS, SIFS, and RIFS periods . 237
8.3.5 TX-to-RX turnaround time . 237
8.3.6 RX-to-TX turnaround time . 237
8.3.7 Transmit data clock frequency tolerance . 237
8.3.8 Wavelength quality indicator (WQI) . 238
8.3.9 Clear channel assessment (CCA) . 238
8.4 Data modes . 239
8.5 Dimming and flicker mitigation . 239
8.5.1 Dimming during idle time . 240
8.5.2 Dimming during data transmission time . 241
8.5.3 Flicker mitigation . 245
8.5.4 CSK color stabilization at the transmitter . 246
8.6 PPDU format. 247
8.6.1 Preamble field . 247
8.6.2 PHY Header field . 252
8.6.3 HCS field .256
8.6.4 Optional fields . 256
8.6.5 PSDU field . 259
9. PHY service specifications . 265
9.1 Overview. 265
9.2 PHY management service. 265
9.2.1 PLME-CCA.request . 266
9.2.2 PLME-CCA.confirm . 266
9.2.3 PLME-GET.request . 267
9.2.4 PLME-GET.confirm . 267
9.2.5 PLME-SET.request . 268
9.2.6 PLME-SET.confirm . 269
9.2.7 PLME-SET-TRX-STATE.request . 270
9.2.8 PLME-SET-TRX-STATE.confirm . 270
9.2.9 PLME-SWITCH.request . 271
9.2.10 PLME-SWITCH.confirm .
...