ISO 28560-2:2018

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28560-2
Third edition
2018-10
Information and documentation —
RFID in libraries —
Part 2:
Encoding of RFID data elements based
on rules from ISO/IEC 15962
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques —
Partie 2: Encodage des éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles
de l'ISO/CEI 15962
Reference number
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems . 3
5 Requirements . 5
5.1 Data elements . 5
5.2 RFID air interface . 6
5.2.1 General. 6
5.2.2 Air interface conformance . 6
5.2.3 Tag performance . 6
5.3 Data protocol . 6
5.4 RFID readers . 6
6 Data elements . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Primary item identifier . 8
6.3 Content parameter . 8
6.4 Owner institution (ISIL) . 9
6.5 Set information . 9
6.6 Type of usage .10
6.7 Shelf location .10
6.8 ONIX media format .10
6.9 MARC media format .10
6.10 Supplier identifier .10
6.11 Order number .10
6.12 ILL borrowing institution .10
6.13 ILL transaction number .10
6.14 GS1 product identifier .10
6.15 Alternative unique item identifier .11
6.16 Local data .11
6.17 Title .11
6.18 Product identifier (local) .12
6.19 Media format (other) .12
6.20 Supply chain stage.12
6.21 Supplier invoice number .12
6.22 Alternative item identifier .12
6.23 Alternative owner institution .12
6.24 Subsidiary of an owner institution .12
6.25 Alternative ILL borrowing institution.13
6.26 Other reserved data elements.13
7 Data encoding .13
7.1 Data protocol overview .13
7.2 Data constructs .13
7.2.1 General.13
7.2.2 AFI .13
7.2.3 Data format .14
7.2.4 Object identifier for library applications .14
7.2.5 Object identifier for the primary item identifier .14
7.2.6 DSFID and access method .14
7.3 ISO/IEC 15961-1 commands and responses .15
7.4 ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules .15
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

7.4.1 General.15
7.4.2 Logical memory .16
7.4.3 Configuration of the RFID tag .17
7.4.4 Data compaction .17
7.4.5 Creating the encoded data set(s) .18
8 RFID tag requirements .21
8.1 Air interface protocol .21
8.1.1 General.21
8.1.2 Declaring memory parameters .21
8.1.3 AFI memory . .21
8.1.4 DSFID memory .21
8.1.5 Required air interface commands .22
8.2 Bit and byte sequence .22
8.3 Air interface conformance.24
8.4 Performance .24
9 Data integrity, security and privacy issues .24
9.1 Data integrity .24
9.2 Item security .25
9.2.1 General.25
9.2.2 Use of the dual AFI system .25
9.2.3 Use of the unique tag ID .25
9.2.4 Use of the EAS features .25
10 Implementation and migration .26
Annex A (informative) Information about ISO 28560 RFID in libraries .27
Annex B (normative) Relevant ISO/IEC 15961-1 application commands .28
Annex C (normative) Pre-encoding the ISIL .31
Annex D (informative) Encoding examples.36
Annex E (informative) Implementation and migration .41
Bibliography .44
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation,
Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 28560-2:2014), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows.
— The data elements that require the ISO/IEC 15962 application-defined compaction have been
identified in Table 1. There are no changes to the actual compaction rules that are applied.
— The correct object Identifier registered with ISO/IEC 15961-2 has been provided (see 7.2.4). This
has no impact on encoding on the RFID tag itself and is only relevant if a full OID structure is used,
for example, with a browser.
— A publication error has been discovered in the second edition (ISO 28560-2:2014), where Table C.3
has been deleted. This table has been re-instated.
— References have been modified (see 5.3 and 6.4) to clarify that Annexes B and C, respectively, are
normative.
— The text has been amended (in 7.4.5.1) to clarify that only some of the ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules
are relevant to this document.
— Withdrawn references to specific RFID protocol parameter codes (see 8.1.2) have been removed.
The rules defined in 8.1.2 remain unchanged.
— References to ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 31 have been removed.A list of all parts in the ISO 28560 series can
be found on the ISO website.
A list of all parts in the ISO 28560 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

Introduction
Libraries are implementing radio frequency identification (RFID) as item identification to replace
bar codes. RFID streamlines applications like user self-service, security, and materials handling. A
standard data model for encoding information on RFID tags could increase the cost-effectiveness of the
technology within libraries, particularly through greater interoperability of RFID tags and equipment,
and enhance support for resource sharing between libraries.
Several countries have undertaken preliminary work on standardization. The Netherlands developed
a data model for public libraries and in Denmark “RFID Data Model for Libraries” has been published.
Finland has adopted the Danish model, but with a few changes. There is a French data model that differs
from the Danish and Dutch models. Other libraries in different parts of the world have installations
based on various proprietary systems offered by technology and library system suppliers. All of these
constitute the installed base of RFID systems, but only account for a small minority of the total of
libraries globally.
There is an opportunity to develop a standard data model, taking into account the lessons learned from
the national schemes and vendor solutions, and provide migration options for those libraries that have
already invested in the technology. Because new items are continually being purchased, a number of
migration options can be adopted based on factors relevant to each library.
This document deals with the encoding of data elements in a flexible manner using encoding rules that
are specified in ISO/IEC 15962. ISO 28560-1 defines the set of mandatory and optional data elements.
ISO 28560-3 and this document are mutually exclusive with respect to an RFID tag being applied to
a loan item. In other words, the RFID tag is encoded according to the rules of this document, or to the
rules of ISO 28560-3, or to some proprietary rules. Depending on the technologies being used, and other
features of tags that are claiming conformance with this document, the reading system might achieve a
degree of interoperability.
This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. Ongoing advice
needs to be provided because of the evolving nature of RFID technology, and the opportunities to
migrate between different types of legacy system and encoding rules of this document.
vi © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28560-2:2018(E)
Information and documentation — RFID in libraries —
Part 2:
Encoding of RFID data elements based on rules from ISO/
IEC 15962
1 Scope
This document specifies a data model and encoding rules for the use of radio frequency identification
(RFID) tags for items appropriate for the needs of all types of libraries (including national, academic,
public, corporate, special, and school libraries). The rules for encoding a subset of data elements taken
from the total set of data elements defined in ISO 28560-1 are based on ISO/IEC 15962, which uses an
object identifier structure to identify data elements.
This document defines the technical characteristics required to encode the data elements defined in
ISO 28560-1 in accordance with ISO/IEC 15962. These subsets of data elements can be different on
different items in the same library. The encoding rules also enable the optional data to be organized on
the RFID tag in any sequence. In addition, the encoding rules provide for flexible encoding of variable
length and variable format data.
This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. A source of
additional information about implementation issues is provided in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 15961-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management:
Data protocol — Part 1: Application interface
ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management —
Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions
ISO/IEC 18000-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 3: Parameters for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz
ISO/IEC 18046-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 3: Test methods for tag performance
ISO/IEC TR 18047-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device conformance test
methods — Part 3: Test methods for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz
ISO 28560-1, Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 1: Data elements and general
guidelines for implementation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
access method
component of the DSFID (3.8) that is responsible for declaring the ISO/IEC 15962 compaction and
encoding rules on an RFID tag
3.2
air interface protocol
rules of communication between an RFID interrogator and the RFID tag of a particular type, covering:
frequency, modulation, bit encoding, and command sets
3.3
application command
instruction issued from the application to the ISO/IEC 15962 data protocol processor in order to initiate
an action or operation with the RFID tag(s) via the interrogator
3.4
AFI
application family identifier
mechanism used in the data protocol and the air interface protocol (3.2) to select a class of RFID tags
relevant to an application, or aspect of an application, and to ignore further communications with other
classes of RFID tags with different identifiers
3.5
arc
specific branch of an object identifier tree, with new arcs added as required to define a particular object
Note 1 to entry: The top three arcs of all object identifiers are compliant with ISO/IEC 9834-1, ensuring
uniqueness.
3.6
data format
mechanism used in the data protocol to identify how object identifiers (3.11) are encoded on the RFID
tag, and (where possible) identify a particular data dictionary for the set of relevant object identifiers
for that application
Note 1 to entry: The data format declares the Root-OID (3.13) in an efficient manner, so that a complete object
identifier (3.11) can be reconstructed for external communications.
3.7
data protocol process
implementation of the processes defined in ISO/IEC 15962, including data compaction, formatting,
support of the command/response unit, and an interface to the tag driver
3.8
DSFID
data storage format identifier
code that consists of, at least, the access method (3.1) and data format (3.6)
3.9
digital vandalism
unauthorized modification of data on an RFID tag that either renders it unusable or falsely represents
another identifier
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

3.10
metadata
type of data or information about data
Note 1 to entry: In the context of this document, metadata (3.10) can be the Relative-OID (3.12) in relation to the
data, the precursor in relation to the compacted and encoded bytes, or the AFI (3.4) and DSFID (3.8) in relation to
the data.
3.11
object identifier
value (distinguishable from all other such values), which is associated with an object
3.12
Relative-OID
particular object identifier (3.11) that constitutes the remaining arcs (3.5) after the Root-OID (3.13)
3.13
Root-OID
particular object identifier (3.11) that constitutes the first, second, and subsequent common arcs (3.5) of
a set of object identifiers (hence the common root)
3.14
tag driver
implementation of the process to transfer data between the data protocol processor and the RFID tag
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems
4.1 Figure 1 gives an overview of the relationship of this document with other systems. This document
defines a set of technical features while addressing a number of operational issues. This document
interfaces with four other activities, but with a clearly defined overlap. These other activities are
— the circulation of library materials,
— the data requirements of publishers, printers, and other suppliers,
— the interlibrary loan processes, and
— the details of borrowers, including membership cards.
4.2 Figure 1 also shows that there is a direct relationship with supply chain activities, and internally
within the library with RFID circulation devices and the library management system including interfaces
such as SIP2 and NCIP.
As the use of RFID in libraries moves towards a more standardized approach as defined in this
document, the characteristics and architecture systems change compared to those al
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
01-oktober-2019
Nadomešča:
SIST ISO 28560-2:2014
Informatika in dokumentacija - RFID v knjižnicah - 2. del: Kodiranje podatkovnih
elementov RFID po pravilih iz ISO/IEC 15962
Information and documentation -- RFID in libraries -- Part 2: Encoding of RFID data
elements based on rules from ISO/IEC 15962
Information et documentation -- RFID dans les bibliothèques -- Partie 2: Encodage des
éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles de l'ISO/CEI 15962
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 28560-2:2018
ICS:
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
35.240.30 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in information,
informatiki, dokumentiranju in documentation and
založništvu publishing
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28560-2
Third edition
2018-10
Information and documentation —
RFID in libraries —
Part 2:
Encoding of RFID data elements based
on rules from ISO/IEC 15962
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques —
Partie 2: Encodage des éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles
de l'ISO/CEI 15962
Reference number
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems . 3
5 Requirements . 5
5.1 Data elements . 5
5.2 RFID air interface . 6
5.2.1 General. 6
5.2.2 Air interface conformance . 6
5.2.3 Tag performance . 6
5.3 Data protocol . 6
5.4 RFID readers . 6
6 Data elements . 6
6.1 General . 6
6.2 Primary item identifier . 8
6.3 Content parameter . 8
6.4 Owner institution (ISIL) . 9
6.5 Set information . 9
6.6 Type of usage .10
6.7 Shelf location .10
6.8 ONIX media format .10
6.9 MARC media format .10
6.10 Supplier identifier .10
6.11 Order number .10
6.12 ILL borrowing institution .10
6.13 ILL transaction number .10
6.14 GS1 product identifier .10
6.15 Alternative unique item identifier .11
6.16 Local data .11
6.17 Title .11
6.18 Product identifier (local) .12
6.19 Media format (other) .12
6.20 Supply chain stage.12
6.21 Supplier invoice number .12
6.22 Alternative item identifier .12
6.23 Alternative owner institution .12
6.24 Subsidiary of an owner institution .12
6.25 Alternative ILL borrowing institution.13
6.26 Other reserved data elements.13
7 Data encoding .13
7.1 Data protocol overview .13
7.2 Data constructs .13
7.2.1 General.13
7.2.2 AFI .13
7.2.3 Data format .14
7.2.4 Object identifier for library applications .14
7.2.5 Object identifier for the primary item identifier .14
7.2.6 DSFID and access method .14
7.3 ISO/IEC 15961-1 commands and responses .15
7.4 ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules .15
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

7.4.1 General.15
7.4.2 Logical memory .16
7.4.3 Configuration of the RFID tag .17
7.4.4 Data compaction .17
7.4.5 Creating the encoded data set(s) .18
8 RFID tag requirements .21
8.1 Air interface protocol .21
8.1.1 General.21
8.1.2 Declaring memory parameters .21
8.1.3 AFI memory . .21
8.1.4 DSFID memory .21
8.1.5 Required air interface commands .22
8.2 Bit and byte sequence .22
8.3 Air interface conformance.24
8.4 Performance .24
9 Data integrity, security and privacy issues .24
9.1 Data integrity .24
9.2 Item security .25
9.2.1 General.25
9.2.2 Use of the dual AFI system .25
9.2.3 Use of the unique tag ID .25
9.2.4 Use of the EAS features .25
10 Implementation and migration .26
Annex A (informative) Information about ISO 28560 RFID in libraries .27
Annex B (normative) Relevant ISO/IEC 15961-1 application commands .28
Annex C (normative) Pre-encoding the ISIL .31
Annex D (informative) Encoding examples.36
Annex E (informative) Implementation and migration .41
Bibliography .44
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation,
Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 28560-2:2014), of which it constitutes a
minor revision. The changes compared to the previous edition are as follows.
— The data elements that require the ISO/IEC 15962 application-defined compaction have been
identified in Table 1. There are no changes to the actual compaction rules that are applied.
— The correct object Identifier registered with ISO/IEC 15961-2 has been provided (see 7.2.4). This
has no impact on encoding on the RFID tag itself and is only relevant if a full OID structure is used,
for example, with a browser.
— A publication error has been discovered in the second edition (ISO 28560-2:2014), where Table C.3
has been deleted. This table has been re-instated.
— References have been modified (see 5.3 and 6.4) to clarify that Annexes B and C, respectively, are
normative.
— The text has been amended (in 7.4.5.1) to clarify that only some of the ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules
are relevant to this document.
— Withdrawn references to specific RFID protocol parameter codes (see 8.1.2) have been removed.
The rules defined in 8.1.2 remain unchanged.
— References to ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 31 have been removed.A list of all parts in the ISO 28560 series can
be found on the ISO website.
A list of all parts in the ISO 28560 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

Introduction
Libraries are implementing radio frequency identification (RFID) as item identification to replace
bar codes. RFID streamlines applications like user self-service, security, and materials handling. A
standard data model for encoding information on RFID tags could increase the cost-effectiveness of the
technology within libraries, particularly through greater interoperability of RFID tags and equipment,
and enhance support for resource sharing between libraries.
Several countries have undertaken preliminary work on standardization. The Netherlands developed
a data model for public libraries and in Denmark “RFID Data Model for Libraries” has been published.
Finland has adopted the Danish model, but with a few changes. There is a French data model that differs
from the Danish and Dutch models. Other libraries in different parts of the world have installations
based on various proprietary systems offered by technology and library system suppliers. All of these
constitute the installed base of RFID systems, but only account for a small minority of the total of
libraries globally.
There is an opportunity to develop a standard data model, taking into account the lessons learned from
the national schemes and vendor solutions, and provide migration options for those libraries that have
already invested in the technology. Because new items are continually being purchased, a number of
migration options can be adopted based on factors relevant to each library.
This document deals with the encoding of data elements in a flexible manner using encoding rules that
are specified in ISO/IEC 15962. ISO 28560-1 defines the set of mandatory and optional data elements.
ISO 28560-3 and this document are mutually exclusive with respect to an RFID tag being applied to
a loan item. In other words, the RFID tag is encoded according to the rules of this document, or to the
rules of ISO 28560-3, or to some proprietary rules. Depending on the technologies being used, and other
features of tags that are claiming conformance with this document, the reading system might achieve a
degree of interoperability.
This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. Ongoing advice
needs to be provided because of the evolving nature of RFID technology, and the opportunities to
migrate between different types of legacy system and encoding rules of this document.
vi © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28560-2:2018(E)
Information and documentation — RFID in libraries —
Part 2:
Encoding of RFID data elements based on rules from ISO/
IEC 15962
1 Scope
This document specifies a data model and encoding rules for the use of radio frequency identification
(RFID) tags for items appropriate for the needs of all types of libraries (including national, academic,
public, corporate, special, and school libraries). The rules for encoding a subset of data elements taken
from the total set of data elements defined in ISO 28560-1 are based on ISO/IEC 15962, which uses an
object identifier structure to identify data elements.
This document defines the technical characteristics required to encode the data elements defined in
ISO 28560-1 in accordance with ISO/IEC 15962. These subsets of data elements can be different on
different items in the same library. The encoding rules also enable the optional data to be organized on
the RFID tag in any sequence. In addition, the encoding rules provide for flexible encoding of variable
length and variable format data.
This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. A source of
additional information about implementation issues is provided in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 15961-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management:
Data protocol — Part 1: Application interface
ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management —
Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions
ISO/IEC 18000-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management —
Part 3: Parameters for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz
ISO/IEC 18046-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 3: Test methods for tag performance
ISO/IEC TR 18047-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device conformance test
methods — Part 3: Test methods for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz
ISO 28560-1, Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 1: Data elements and general
guidelines for implementation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
access method
component of the DSFID (3.8) that is responsible for declaring the ISO/IEC 15962 compaction and
encoding rules on an RFID tag
3.2
air interface protocol
rules of communication between an RFID interrogator and the RFID tag of a particular type, covering:
frequency, modulation, bit encoding, and command sets
3.3
application command
instruction issued from the application to the ISO/IEC 15962 data protocol processor in order to initiate
an action or operation with the RFID tag(s) via the interrogator
3.4
AFI
application family identifier
mechanism used in the data protocol and the air interface protocol (3.2) to select a class of RFID tags
relevant to an application, or aspect of an application, and to ignore further communications with other
classes of RFID tags with different identifiers
3.5
arc
specific branch of an object identifier tree, with new arcs added as required to define a particular object
Note 1 to entry: The top three arcs of all object identifiers are compliant with ISO/IEC 9834-1, ensuring
uniqueness.
3.6
data format
mechanism used in the data protocol to identify how object identifiers (3.11) are encoded on the RFID
tag, and (where possible) identify a particular data dictionary for the set of relevant object identifiers
for that application
Note 1 to entry: The data format declares the Root-OID (3.13) in an efficient manner, so that a complete object
identifier (3.11) can be reconstructed for external communications.
3.7
data protocol process
implementation of the processes defined in ISO/IEC 15962, including data compaction, formatting,
support of the command/response unit, and an interface to the tag driver
3.8
DSFID
data storage format identifier
code that consists of, at least, the access method (3.1) and data format (3.6)
3.9
digital vandalism
unauthorized modification of data on an RFID tag that either renders it unusable or falsely represents
another identifier
2 © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST ISO 28560-2:2019
ISO 28560-2:2018(E)

3.10
metadata
type of data or information about data
Note 1 to entry: In the context of this document, metadata (3.10) can be the Relative-OID (3.12) in relation to the
data, the precursor in relation to the compacted and encoded bytes, or the AFI (3.4) and DSFID (3.8) in relation to
the data.
3.11
object identifier
value (distinguishable from all other such values), which is associated with an object
3.12
Relative-OID
particular object identifier (3.11) that constitutes the remaining arcs (3.5) after the Root-OID (3.13)
3.13
Root-OID
particular object identifi
...