IEC 60825-4:2006/AMD1:2008

IEC 60825-4
Edition 2.0 2008-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Safety of laser products –
Part 4: Laser guards
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 4: Protecteurs pour lasers

IEC 60825-4 A1:2008
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IEC 60825-4
Edition 2.0 2008-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Safety of laser products –
Part 4: Laser guards
Sécurité des appareils à laser –
Partie 4: Protecteurs pour lasers

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
M
CODE PRIX
ICS 31.260 ISBN 2-8318-9825-0
– 2 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation safety
and laser equipment.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
76/383/FDIS 76/385/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication.
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
_____________
Page 3
CONTENTS
Add the title of Annex G as follows:
Annex G (normative) Beam delivery systems
Page 15
2 Normative references
Replace the reference to IEC 60825-1 by the following new reference:
IEC 60825-1:2007, Safety of laser products – Part 1: Equipment classification and
requirements
Add the following two new references:
ISO 14121-1:2007, Safety of machinery – Risk assessment – Part 1: Principles
ISO 13849-1:2006, Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – Part 1:
General principles for design
Page 131
Add, after Annex F, the new Annex G as follows:

60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
Annex G
(normative)
Beam delivery systems
G.1 General
This normative annex addresses the arrangement, installation and use of guided beam
delivery systems. Laser beams can be propagated through air, gas or vacuum, whether
enclosed or not (free space), and through fibre optic cables in laser processing machine
applications.
This annex applies to the protective measures implemented to protect personnel against laser
radiation hazards for guided beam delivery systems after the output coupler and/or the
protective housing of the laser product (the requirements of which are specified in IEC 60825-
1).This annex is intended to compliment the requirements applicable to the laser process
enclosure (which are specified in this document and in ISO 11553-1). This annex also
provides methods for assessing the risks (including reasonably foreseeable use, abuse and
misuse) and provides examples of control measures to meet the normative requirements of
IEC 60825-1 and this document.
This annex does not apply to beam delivery systems inside the protective housing of the
laser.
This annex does not apply to beam delivery systems used in medical or communications
applications.
G.2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this annex, the following definitions apply. They are in addition to those
given in IEC 60825-1 or other parts of IEC 60825.
G.2.1
access panel
any panel which when removed or displaced gives human access to laser radiation. Sheathing
around a fibre, tubing used as an enclosure component or any device serving the function of a
removable or displaceable panel, can also be an "access panel" within the terms of this
definition
G.2.2
beam delivery system
system comprised of all those components, including all optical beam components and
potential beam paths and their enclosures, which when combined, transfer laser radiation
emitted from the laser radiation generator (the laser) to the workpiece. These components
may include all elements for guiding, shaping and switching the laser beam as well as the
enclosure of and support for the beam path components
G.2.3
beam path components
those optical components which lie on a defined beam path (see 3.16 of IEC 60825-1)
NOTE Examples of a beam path component include a beam steering mirror, a focus lens or a fibre optic cable
connector.
– 4 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008
G.2.4
beam shaping components
those optical components introduced in the beam path to transform the profile or cross-
section of the laser beam by means of apertures, reflective, refractive or diffractive optical
components
G.2.5
beam switching components
those optical components or an assembly of components introduced in the beam path to
direct or divert, under external control, the beam path along predetermined direction(s). The
external control allows the beam path to be switched from one predetermined direction to
another
G.2.6
fibre optic cable
optical beam guiding component that enables the transmission of laser radiation along a
transparent medium. A fibre optic cable may have a glass or other core that carries the laser
radiation and be surrounded by cladding. The outside of the fibre is protected by cladding and
may be further protected by additional layers of other material such as a polymer or a metal to
protect the fibre from mechanical deformation, the ingress of water, etc. For this annex, this
term also includes other forms of transmission devices such as waveguides
G.3 General requirements
G.3.1 General considerations
The risks associated with the hazards relevant to the beam delivery systems shall be
assessed as part of the overall requirements for risk assessment of the machine. The
principles for risk assessment given in standard ISO 14121-1 shall be used in carrying out this
assessment. This assessment shall determine the acceptable level of risk and the necessary
protective measures for persons who can be exposed to those hazards, while maintaining an
acceptable level of performance of the machine.
Hazards can result from, but are not limited to, the following causes:
• failures, faults or damage in the protective housing or other mechanical protective
measures incorporated in the beam delivery system resulting in the inadvertent emission
of laser radiation from the protective housing;
• failures or faults in the beam path components resulting in damage to the protective
housing or other protective devices;
• failures or faults in the associated equipment or controls resulting in injury or malfunction
or failure of the safety functions of the laser processing machine;
• failures or faults from reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse resulting in the inadvertent
emission of laser radiation from the protective housings.
The engineering and administrative controls adopted are a combination of the measures
incorporated at the design stage and include those instructions to be followed by the user.
Design shall be the first consideration in the reduction of risks. Where this is not sufficient to
eliminate risks to a negligible level, additional safeguarding and safe working procedures shall
be considered.
NOTE Examples of risk assessments and potential solutions for risk reduction measures are shown in
Clause G.6.
G.3.2 Protective housing
The requirements for protective housing are specified in 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 of IEC 60825-1.

60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008 – 5 –
G.3.3 Access panels and safety interlocks for beam delivery systems using free space
transmission
The requirements for access panels and safety interlocks are specified in IEC 60825-1
Clause 4.3.
A safety interlock shall be provided for access panels of protective housings of free space
beam delivery systems that may include beam shaping and beam switching components
when:
a) The access panel is intended to be removed or displaced during maintenance or operation
of the laser processing machine, and
b) The removal of the panel gives access to laser radiation levels designated by “X” in Table
1 of IEC 60825-1.
The safety interlock shall be part of a design that prevents the removal of the panel until the
accessible emission levels are below the AEL defined above. Inadvertent resetting of the
interlock shall not in itself restore emission values above the limits specified above.
If a deliberate override mechanism is provided, the requirements of 4.3.2 of IEC 60825-1 shall
apply.
All safety interlocks, safety monitoring devices or associated safety-related control circuits
shall meet the requirements specified in ISO 12100-2 and ISO 13849-1 with respect to the
general requirements for guards together with the requirements related to interlock devices
and safety monitoring devices and their application in safety-related control circuits.
G.3.4 Safety interlocks for beam delivery systems using fibre optic cables or other
beam waveguides
Removal or displacement of a fibre optic cable (or other form of beam waveguide) in a beam
delivery system shall be allowable only under at least one of the following conditions.
a) With the use of a key or tool at the point of connection to allow access, removal or
displacement of the fibre optic cable by skilled or trained persons.
b) With the prevention of emission from the fibre optic cable by the termination of emission
from the laser prior to access to the fibre optical cable end on the removal or
displacement of the fibre optic cable. This may be accomplished by the use of interlocks
at the interfaces that can be displaced.
c) Removal or displacement of the fibre optic cable without the use of a key or special tool
and without the termination of laser radiation emission from the laser shall be possible
only when other protective measures are provided to ensure that personnel are not
exposed to laser radiation that will cause injury. These protective measures shall be
clearly described in the user instructions together with the necessary procedures for their
use.
When a safety interlock is used, removal of the protective housing shall not permit human
access to accessible emission levels above the applicable AEL in Table 1 of IEC 60825-1.
Inadvertent resetting of the interlock shall not in itself restore emission values above the
applicable AEL in Table 1 of IEC 60825-1. These interlocks shall be failsafe or redundant and
conform to the requirements in the applicable IEC product standard.
If a deliberate override mechanism is provided, the requirements of 4.3.2 of IEC 60825-1 shall
apply.
All safety interlocks, safety monitoring devices or associated safety-related control circuits
shall meet the requirements specified in ISO 12100-2 and ISO 13849-1 with respect to the

– 6 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008
general requirements for guards together with the requirements related to interlock devices
and safety monitoring devices and their application in safety-related control circuits.
G.3.5 Environmental conditions
All beam delivery systems shall meet the safety requirements defined in this annex under all
expected operating conditions and foreseeable abuse and misuse appropriate to the intended
purpose of the laser processing machine. Factors to be considered shall include:
• the intended environment of use;
• climatic conditions (e.g. temperature, relative humidity, etc.);
• anticipated vibration and shock;
• electromagnetic interferences.
G.4 Verification of safety requirements or protective measures
General conformance with the requirements of this annex shall be by visual inspection.
Correct functioning of control devices shall be verified according to functional tests specified
by the manufacturer.
Verification procedures relating to laser radiation levels shall conform to IEC 60825-1.
Verification of the information for the user shall be confirmed by visual examination of the
handbooks and any other relevant information.
G.5 Information for users
G.5.1 Technical documentation
In addition to the requirements of other standards that are used in the manufacture of the
laser processing machine, the following information shall be supplied.
a) Relevant safety-related documentation and details of safe installation and use of the beam
delivery system. This shall, where appropriate, include:
1) a clear, comprehensive description of the beam delivery system, its installation and
mounting and any connection to the host equipment safety-related controls;
2) electrical supply and other control requirements;
3) laser radiation performance limitations;
4) information on the relevant physical environment.
b) Relevant safety-related documentation for maintenance and servicing procedures
associated with the beam delivery system. This information shall include guidance on the
adjustment, maintenance, replacement and repair, particularly of the protective devices
and control for use by authorised service personnel.
c) List of recommended spare parts for use by authorised service personnel.
d) A description (including interconnection diagrams) of the safeguards, interlocking
functions and interlocking of guards. This description shall include situations when
removal or displacement of the fibre optic cable without the use of a key or special tool
and without the termination of laser radiation emission from the laser shall be possible and
when other protective measures are provided to ensure that personnel are not exposed to
laser radiation that will cause injury. These protective measures shall be clearly described
together with the necessary procedures for their use.
e) A description of the means provided, where it is necessary, to suspend the safeguarding.

60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008 – 7 –
G.5.2 Labelling
Access panel warning labels shall be fitted as required and described in Clause 5 of
IEC 60825-1.
G.6 Examples of risk assessments
Examples of risk assessments are shown below together in Tables G.1 and G.2 with potential
solutions for risk reduction measures. The list is not comprehensive and alternative technical
measures (that may have identical or improved efficiency) for risk reduction can be
considered.
– 8 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008
Table G.1 – Beam delivery systems using free space beam delivery systems
Use, reasonably
foreseeable misuse or Failure mechanism Hazard Example of risk reduction
abuse
Beam directed through Beam switch emits the Laser radiation above Design the beam switching
beam switching device. laser beam partly or wholly Accessible Emission Limit device to avoid this.
guided to an unexpected (AEL) of Class 1 at
beam delivery system. unexpected beam delivery
system.
Beam directed through Beam switch not in proper Laser radiation above AEL Monitor the beam switching
beam switching device. position - laser beam of Class 1 at unexpected device and interlock to
partly or wholly guided to beam delivery system. ensure the beam switch
unexpected beam delivery components are in the
system. correct positions.
Beam being propagated Mirror or lens damage, Laser radiation above AEL The beam delivery protective
through the free space breakage or contamination of Class 1 from openings housing to be able to
beam path protective leading to higher degree of in beam delivery system. tolerate the Foreseeable
housing. scattered radiation that Exposure Limit (FEL) (as
may cause deformation of defined in 3.4 of this
components in the beam standard) as a passive
delivering system. guard, or use a correctly
designed active guard
considered.
Consider apertures to reduce
the amount of radiation
scattered from a defective
mirror, or limit radiation
scattered as a result of
misalignment.
Monitor the local
temperature of vulnerable
beam delivery components.
Beam being propagated Mirror breakage leading to Laser radiation above AEL The beam delivery protective
through the free space excess heating by the of Class 1 from openings housing to be able to
beam path protective laser beam resulting in the in beam delivery system. tolerate the FEL as passive
housing. deformation of guard, or use a correctly
components in the beam designed active guard
delivering system. considered.
Consider apertures to reduce
the amount of radiation
scattered from a defective
mirror, or limit radiation
scattered as a result of
misalignment.
Monitor the local
temperature of vulnerable
beam delivery components.
Beam being propagated Mechanical deformations Laser radiation above AEL The beam path protective
through the free space of protective housing. of Class 1 from openings housing designed to tolerate
beam path protective in beam delivery system. reasonably foreseeable
(Damage or deformation
housing. mechanical forces, or
due to external forces
provide an alternative active
great enough to
guard.
temporarily or permanently
distort the physical
configuration.)
Beam being propagated Displacement of the Laser radiation above AEL The use of well-tried proven
through the free space protective housing due to of Class 1 from openings design methods that tolerate
beam path protective vibrations etc. that may in beam delivery system. foreseeable operating
housing. cause the beam delivery stresses and widely used
system break-up. with successful results in
similar applications.
Conduct regular inspection.
60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008 – 9 –
Table G.1 (continued)
Use, reasonably
Example of risk
foreseeable misuse or Failure mechanism Hazard
reduction
abuse
Beam being propagated Misalignment of mirrors. The beam exposing the
The use of well-tried
through the free space protective housing to
proven design methods
beam path protective levels higher than its
that tolerate foreseeable
housing. Protective Exposure Limit
operating stresses and are
(PEL) (as defined in 3.13
widely used with
of this standard).
successful results in
similar applications.
Prevent misaligned beam
from propagating further in
the beam delivery system.
Incorporate apertures and
baffles/barriers to restrict
propagation.
Restrict the number and
extent of adjustments.
Beam being propagated Unclear identification of Laser radiation above AEL Ensure that all beam
through the free space beam delivery components of Class 1 from openings delivery system
beam path protective resulting in incorrect parts in beam delivery system. components and parts are
housing. being installed and labelled to allow easy
Damage to associated
subsequent damage of identification.
parts of the machine.
both the parts themselves
Provide adequate
and other parts of the
instructions to minimise
machine or workpiece.
the risk of using incorrect
parts or of incorrect
assembly or adjustment.
Incorporate interlocks to
prevent incorrect parts or
assembly.
Incorrect mounting of Human error. Laser radiation above AEL Provide adequate
beam shaping optics. of Class 1 (by escaping instructions to minimise

the protected laser area, the risk of using incorrect
or exceeding the laser parts or of incorrect
guard PEL). assembly or adjustment.
Conduct regular
inspections.
Damage of beam shaping From collision with Laser radiation above AEL Ensure that all beam
optics. workpiece, overheated of Class 1 (by escaping delivery system
optics due to the protected laser area, components and parts are
contamination or cooling or exceeding the laser labelled to allow easy
water failure. guard PEL). identification.
Provide adequate
instructions to minimise
the risk of using incorrect
parts or of incorrect
assembly or adjustment.
Incorporate interlocks or
mechanical location keys
to prevent the use of
incorrect parts or incorrect
assembly.
Monitor the local
temperature of vulnerable
beam delivery components
– 10 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008
Table G.2 – Beam delivery systems using fibre optic cables
Use, reasonably
Possible failure Examples of risk
foreseeable misuse or Hazard
mechanism reduction
abuse
Beam directed through Beam switch ”leaks” - laser Laser radiation above AEL Design the beam switching
beam switching device. beam partly or wholly of Class 1 at unexpected device to avoid this.
guided to unexpected beam delivery system.

beam delivery system.
Beam directed through Beam switch not in the Laser radiation above AEL Monitor the beam switching
beam switching device. correct position - laser of Class 1 at the device and interlock to
beam partly or wholly unexpected beam delivery ensure the beam switch

guided to unexpected system. components are in the
beam delivery system. correct positions.
Beam being coupled into Damage (i.e. thermal) to The coupling optical The coupling optical
fibre. coupling optics. components or assemblies components or assemblies
overheat to a degree to be designed to handle

where it damages or power passively.
deforms resulting in either
Interlock of the beam.
leaking radiation or the
production of errant
Monitor component
beams.
temperature and interlock
into the control system.
Beam being coupled into Damaged fibre at the input Fibre connector heats up Fibre connector designed
fibre. surface. to a degree where it to handle power passively.
deforms and laser radiation
Introduce beam monitoring
is not correctly coupled
schemes and interlock into
into the fibre.
the control system.
Beam in fibre optic cable. Breakage due to Laser radiation above AEL Fibre to be put inside
mechanical forces on the of Class 1 emitted from a protective cover that

fibre. broken fibre to the protects from mechanical
surrounding. Possible fire forces in the operating
hazard. environment and potential
misuse/abuse.
Use the protective housing
to limit excessive twist.
Provide strain relief at the
optical fibre terminations to
minimise bending and
twisting.
Make the protective
housing active guard linked
into the control system
(see IEC 60825-4).
Monitor component
temperature and interlock
into the control system.
With the laser beam being Breakage due to fatigue. Laser radiation above AEL Design the protective
directed through the fibre of Class 1 emitted from a housing to restrict the
optic, the fibre is subjected broken fibre to the bending radius to prevent
to repetitive flexing. surrounding. fibre breakage.
Provide strain relief at the
optical fibre terminations to
minimise bending and
twisting.
Design a reinforced
protective housing to be
able to tolerate the laser
radiation of the inner
surface at the protective
housing Make the
protective housing active
guard linked into the
control system (see
IEC 60825-4).
60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008 – 11 –
Table G.2 (continued)
Use, reasonably
Possible failure Examples of risk
foreseeable misuse or Hazard
mechanism reduction
abuse
With the laser beam being Breakage due to other than Laser radiation above AEL The protective housing to
directed through the fibre mechanical forces (optical of Class 1 from a broken be able to retain the laser
optic, the fibre is subjected degrading, first pulses etc.) fibre to the surrounding radiation of the inner
to repetitive flexing. environment. surface of the protective

housing without
breakthrough.
Make the protective
housing active guard linked
into the control system
(see IEC 60825-4).
Human error Laser radiation being Interlock the fibre
Unconnected fibre at the
emitted in an undefined interface/connector.
output of the fibre optic
Mechanical loosening of
and uncontrolled direction
cable emitting laser
fixings due to incorrect Ensure that the fixings and
leading to potential
radiation from the laser.
assembly or vibrations, for associated tools used to
exposure above AEL of
example. mount/dismount fibre
Class 1 (by escaping the
Unconnected fibre at the
interface are adequate.
input of the fibre optic laser guarded area, or
exceeding any other laser
cable emitting laser
Minimise the requirement
guard PEL).
radiation from the laser.
for the interface to be
interfered with.
Restrict this activity to
service work carried out by
skilled and authorised
personnel with special
training.
Design a reinforced laser
guard.
Incorrect mounting of beam Human error. Laser radiation being Ensure design is
shaping optics. emitted in an undefined adequately robust. Ensure

and uncontrolled direction instructions are sufficient

leading to potential for adjustments to be made

exposure above AEL of securely.
Class 1 (by escaping the
Recommend inspection
laser guarded area, or
intervals.
exceeding any other laser
guard PEL).
Damage of beam shaping From collision with Laser radiation being Design considerations to
optics. workpiece, overheated emitted in an undefined include the complete laser
optics due to and uncontrolled direction guard. Provide collision

contamination or cooling leading to potential protection or interlocks.
water failure. exposure above AEL of

Class 1 (by escaping the
laser guarded area, or
exceeding any other laser
guard PEL).
Multiple fibres - mix of Human error. Laser radiation being Orientate, mechanically
fibres. emitted in an undefined interlock or clearly and
and uncontrolled direction indelibly mark fibre optic

leading to potential cables.
exposure above AEL of
Ensure instructions are
Class 1 (by escaping the
clear and unambiguous.
laser guarded area, or
exceeding any other laser
If the fibre optic cables
guard PEL).
transmit the laser beam to
separate laser guarded
enclosures, interlock the
enclosure together with the
fibre optic cable.
– 12 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © IEC:2008
Page 133
Bibliography
Delete the following references:
ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – Part 1: General
principles for design
ISO 14121, Safety of machinery – Principles of risk assessment
Add the following references:
ISO 11252:2004, Lasers and laser-related equipment – Laser device – Minimum requirements
for documentation
ISO 14119:1998, Safety of machinery – Interlocking devices associated with guards –
Principles for design and selection
Amendment 1 (2007)
ISO TR 14121-2:2007, Safety of machinery – Risk assessment – Part 2: Practical guidance
and examples of methods
___________
– 14 – 60825-4 Amend. 1 © CEI:2008
AVANT-PROPOS
Le présent amendement a été établi par le comité d'études 76 de la CEI: Sécurité des
rayonnements optiques et matériels laser.
Le texte de cet amendement est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
76/383/FDIS 76/385/RVD
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cet amendement.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cet amendement et de la publication de base ne sera
pas modifié avant la date de maintenance indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous
"http://webstore.iec.ch" dans les données relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date,
la public
...