IEC 62759-1:2022

IEC 62759-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-06
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
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inside
Photovoltaic (PV) modules – Transportation testing –
Part 1: Transportation and shipping of module package units
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IEC 62759-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2022-06
COMMENTED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Photovoltaic (PV) modules – Transportation testing –
Part 1: Transportation and shipping of module package units
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3979-7

– 2 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

CONTENTS
FOREWORD .3
1 Scope and object .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Sampling .7
5 Handling .8
6 Testing procedures .8
6.1 General .8
6.2 Measurements .8
6.3 Transportation testing . 13
6.3.1 General . 13
6.3.2 Random vibration testing . 13
6.3.3 Shock testing . 14
6.4 Environmental stress tests . 15
6.4.1 PV modules .
6.4.1 Path A . 15
6.4.2 Path B . 16
6.4.2 CPV modules and receivers .
7 Pass criteria. 16
8 Reporting . 17
Annex A (normative informative) Test profiles . 18
A.1 Overview . 18
A.2 Data points of appropriate PSD test profiles . 18
Annex B (normative) Retesting . 22
B.1 Overview of transportation tests after modification . 22
Bibliography . 24
List of comments . 25

Figure 1 – Test sequences for PV modules . 11
Figure 2 – Test sequences for CPV modules .
Figure A.1 – Appropriate PSD test profile . 21

Table A.1 – Severity of common transport test profiles: complete and in range
(5 1 Hz to 200 Hz) . 18
Table A.2 – Main reference ASTM D4169 (truck medium) .
Table A.2 – ASTM D4169-16 (medium) and ISTA 3E:2017 . 20
Table A.3 – Grid points ISO 13355.
Table A.4 – IEC 60068-2-64 / MIL STD 810G .
Table A.5 – ISTA 3E.
Table B.1 – Retests . 22

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULES –
TRANSPORTATION TESTING –
Part 1: Transportation and shipping of module package units

FOREWORD
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This commented version (CMV) of the official standard IEC 62759-1:2022 edition 2.0
allows the user to identify the changes made to the previous IEC 62759-1:2015 edition 1.0.
Furthermore, comments from IEC TC 82 experts are provided to explain the reasons of
the most relevant changes, or to clarify any part of the content.
A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change has been made. Additions are in
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comment.
This publication contains the CMV and the official standard. The full list of comments is
available at the end of the CMV.

– 4 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

IEC 62759-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy
systems. It is an International Standard.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2015. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) Cancellation of tests and references to relevant standards for CPV.
b) Deletion of different classes for PV modules.
c) Deletion of requirement for minimum 10 modules per shipping unit.
d) Implementation of stabilization as intermediate measurement.
e) Addition of pass/fail criteria.
f) Change of requirements for retesting.
g) Change of number of cycles in dynamic mechanical load test. See also clause 6.4.2.1.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
82/2029/FDIS 82/2052/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
A list of all parts in the IEC 62759 series, published under the general title Photovoltaic (PV)
modules – Transportation testing, can be found on the IEC website.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) MODULES –
TRANSPORTATION TESTING –
Part 1: Transportation and shipping of module package units

1 Scope and object
Photovoltaic (PV) modules are electrical devices intended for continuous outdoor exposure
during their lifetime. Existing type approval standards do not consider mechanical stresses that
may occur during transportation to the PV installation destination.
This part of IEC 62759 describes methods for the simulation of transportation of complete
package units of modules and combined subsequent environmental impacts, it does however
not include pass/fail criteria. 1
This standard is designed so that its test sequence can co-ordinate with those of IEC 61215 or
IEC 61646, so that a single set of samples may be used to perform both the transportation
simulation and performance evaluation of a photovoltaic module design. This standard applies
to flat plate photovoltaic modules, but may also be used as a basis for testing of CPV modules
and assemblies. 2
A list of design modifications which require a retest is provided in Annex B.
This document applies to flat plate photovoltaic modules.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-2-27:2008, Environmental testing – Part 2-27: Tests – Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-64, Environmental testing – Part 2-64: Tests – Test Fh: Vibration, broadband
random and guidance
IEC TS 60904-13, Photovoltaic devices – Part 13: Electroluminescence of photovoltaic modules
IEC 61215:2005, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification
and type approval
IEC 61215-1:2021, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval – Part 1: Test requirements
IEC 61215-2:2021, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval – Part 2: Test procedures
IEC 61646:2008, Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval
– 6 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

IEC 61730-2:20042022, Photovoltaic (PV) module safety qualification – Part 2: Requirements
for testing
IEC TS 61836, Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy systems – Terms, definitions and symbols
IEC 62108:2007, Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies – Design
qualification and type approval
IEC TS 62782:2016, Dynamic mechanical load testing for Photovoltaic (PV) modules – Cyclic
(dynamic) mechanical load testing (to be published)
ISO 13355, Packaging – Complete, filled transport packages and unit loads – Vertical random
vibration test
ASTM D880-92:2008, Standard Test Method for Impact Testing for Shipping Containers and
Systems
ASTM D4169:2008, Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and
Systems
ASTM D4169-16, Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and
Systems
ASTM D4728:2006, Standard Test Method for Random Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
ASTM D5277-92:1992, Test method for performing programmed horizontal impact using an
inclined impact tester
ISTA 3E:20092017, Unitized Loads of Same Product
MIL STD 810G, Test Method Standard for Environmental Engineering Considerations and
Laboratory Tests
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC TS 61836:1999 and
the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
bandwidth
difference in Hz between the upper and lower limits of a frequency band
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of the described test method, the bandwidth may be considered equivalent to the
frequency resolution of a spectrum analysis.
3.2
overall g
RMS
square root of the integral of power spectral density over the total frequency range
Note 1 to entry: It describes the severity or harshness of the testing grade.

3.3
root mean square
RMS
square root of the mean square value
Note 1 to entry: In the exclusive case of a sine wave, the RMS value is 0,707 times peak value.
3.4
random vibration
oscillation whose instantaneous amplitude is not prescribed for any given instant in time
Note 1 to entry: The instantaneous amplitudes of a random vibration are prescribed by a probability distribution
function, the integral of which, over a given amplitude range, will give the probable percentage of time that the
amplitude will fall within that range.
Note 2 to entry: Random vibration contains no periodic or quasi-periodic components.
3.5
packaging
material and technology used to protect goods from transportation stresses and separate
individual units from each other
3.6
power spectral density
PSD
expression of random vibration in terms of mean square acceleration per unit of frequency. The
2 2
units are g /Hz (g /cycles/s).
Note 1 to entry: Power spectral density is the limit of the mean square amplitude in a given rectangular waveband
divided by the bandwidth, as the bandwidth approaches zero.
2 2 2 3 2
Note 2 to entry: The units are (m/s ) /Hz, it is equal to m /s . The coherent non-SI unit is g /Hz.
3.7
grade A PV modules
100 % functional modules without any visual or functional defects
3.8
grade B or lower PV modules
grade B or lower modules may have visual or functional defects. The modules should be
equivalent to grade A modules regarding their mass, size and mechanical behavior.
4 Sampling
As test samples for the basic transportation and shock test methods, a shipping unit of PV
modules, shall be taken at random from a production batch or batches. When the test samples
are prototypes of a new design and not from production, this fact shall be noted in the test
report. The shipping unit shall contain the usual amount number of PV modules. This test
procedure is however designed for shipping units containing at least 10 modules. For further
testing (path A and B for PV modules) at least six grade A modules are needed from the shipping
unit. 3
Further three grade A PV modules are to be taken from a separate shipping unit not undergoing
any transportation simulation.
Grade B or lower modules can be used to fill up the shipping system (uniform distribution) of
samples, completing it to a regular shipping unit. Each individual substitute shall cover the same
mass, size and bending stiffness as the modules to be tested in the subsequent environmental
impact tests.
– 8 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

The shipping unit shall contain at least 25 % grade A modules. If the shipping unit contains less
than 24 modules at least six grade A modules shall be provided.
In case of horizontal shipping the bottom and the top of the shipping unit shall be made up with
grade A modules and in case of vertical shipping the outer modules of the shipping unit shall
be made up with grade A modules.
Use the regular shipment packaging materials with the modules, as marketed and designed by
the manufacturer.
The modules shall have been manufactured from specified materials and components in
accordance with the relevant drawings and process sheets and shall have been subjected to
the manufacturer's normal inspection, quality control and production acceptance procedures.
The modules shall be complete in every detail, including a type label and shall be accompanied
by the manufacturer's handling, mounting, shipping/packaging and installation instructions,
including the information of the maximum permissible system voltage.
The test specimen of shipping unit shall be packed in accordance with the standard procedures
used to ship modules to customers.
NOTE For CPV modules the sample numbers may vary, as shipping units may be much larger.
5 Handling
The test samples shall be handled with suitable care prior to the application of the tests
described in this document. It shall should be ensured that the test samples are not exposed to
additional mechanical impacts in form of shocks, rough handling, dropping, etc.
For the transportation from the manufacturer to the test laboratory special care should be taken
to avoid any kind of damage. A special packaging concept, e.g. an additional packaging, special
transportation method, etc., may be considered for this particular shipping route (manufacturer
– test site). Testing shall be carried out without additional packaging.
6 Testing procedures
6.1 General
Performance measurements, visual inspection, insulation and wet leakage current testing shall
be performed in accordance with IEC 61215:2005 respectively IEC 61646:2008, 10.2, 10.3 and
10.15 IEC 61215-2:2021, MQT 01, MQT 02, and in accordance with IEC 61730-2:2022, MST
16 and MST 17 as relative reference initial and control measurements. Electroluminescence or
thermal images can be used to support the evaluation of the samples initial and intermediate
status (e. g. micro cracks, defects, etc.).
The initial and visual inspection in accordance with IEC 61215:2005, 10.1 or IEC 61646:2008,
10.1 for PV modules and IEC 62108:2007, 10.1 for CPV modules shall also be part of the
assessment.
Electroluminescence images according to IEC TS 60904-13 may be used to detect cracks which
are not visible at initial and intermediate status (no pass/fail criteria are specified).
The actual transportation test is shown in Figure 1 for PV modules; Figure 2 shows a possible
test sequence for CPV modules. The sequences of combined transportation stress testing and
the possible effects of these impacts on the PV modules shall detect early failures in regards
to future life time stresses.
If a manufacturer wishes to combine the testing to this standard with type approval testing,
sequence A of Figure 1 can also be used in conjunction with IEC 61215 respectively IEC 61646
testing. Combined testing will increase the risk of failure in type approval testing, as the
transportation testing will pose additional stress to the samples. 4
Sequence B of Figure 1 could be extended with the UV preconditioning test and then also be
coordinated with IEC 61215 respectively IEC 61646.
The proposed test sequence in Figure 2 for CPV modules can also be adjusted to coordinate
with IEC 62108. The sequence shall be adjusted depending on whether receivers or modules
are tested. For receivers, instead of the pre-thermal cycling and humidity freeze test, the
thermal cycling test according to IEC 62108:2007, 10.8 may be performed.
Separate modules, that have not undergone any transportation testing, are also subjected to
the stress tests in sequences A and B. Failures induced by the transportation simulation and
potentially worsen defects due to the environmental stress tests shall be identified in
comparison to the modules tested without any transportation pre-damages. These modules
shall be used to identify if defects are caused by transportation test and subsequent
environmental test, or by environmental test only.

– 10 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

IEC
* See 6.2 for details on measurements.
Figure 1 – Test sequences for PV modules 5

– 12 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

IEC
* See 6.2 for details on measurements.
Figure 2 – Test sequences for CPV modules

6.2 Measurements
Each initial, intermediate and final measurement shall characterize the electrical performance
of the PV modules and document the influence of the stress tests. The initial, intermediate and
final measurements are:
• Visual inspection according to IEC 61215:2005, IEC 61646:2008, respectively
IEC 62108:2007, 10.1 IEC 61215-2:2021 (MQT 01)
• Stabilization (optional for intermediate measurements) according to IEC 61215-2:2021
(MQT 19) 6
• Maximum power determination according to IEC 61215:2005, IEC 61646:2008, respectively
IEC 62108:2007, 10.2 IEC 61215-2:2021 (MQT 02)
• Insulation test according to IEC 61215:2005, IEC 61646:2008, 10.3 respectively
IEC 62108:2007, 10.4 IEC 61730-2:2022 (MST 16)
• Ground Continuity test of equipotential bonding according to IEC 61730-2:2004,10.4
respectively IEC 62108, 10.3 IEC 61730-2:2021 (MST 13)
• Wet leakage current test according to IEC 61215:2005, IEC 61646:2008, 10.15 respectively
IEC 62108, 10.5 IEC 61730-2:2022 (MST 17)
• Optionally electroluminescence (only for PV modules) or infrared imaging can be used for
analysing modules for cracked or broken solar cells, etc.
• Electroluminescence images according to IEC TS 60904-13 or alternative methods, e.g.
dark I-V, may be used to detect cracks which are not visible at initial and intermediate status
(no pass/fail criteria are specified).
NOTE While the maximum power determination is only a relative reference measurement, some PV technologies
may require preconditioning need stabilization according to their respective type approval standard to arrive at
meaningful data.
6.3 Transportation testing
6.3.1 General
Performing tests of random vibration and various shock tests on the complete package system
of modules simulates road transportation and the related mechanical impacts on shipping units
and the (C) PV modules that are contained within.
The packaged-product shall be stored at laboratory ambient temperature and humidity for 12 h
prior to starting the tests.
NOTE Sequence B of Figure 1 can be extended by the UV preconditioning test to be able to coordinate with
IEC 61215 or IEC 61646 if desired.
While the (C) PV modules are carefully unpacked, the modules shall be marked: the original
packaging situation state and the module position, e.g. vertically or horizontally stacked within
the package shipping unit shall be adequately documented.
After the initial measurements described in 6.2, the modules shall be restored to their original
packaged condition in order to perform the tests described in 6.3.2 and 6.3.3.
6.3.2 Random vibration testing
6.3.2.1 Purpose
vibration test. Truck transportation is
Transportation simulation is achieved through a random
considered to be the most severe method of long distance transportation for shipping goods.
The truck transportation test therefore covers most other means of transportation.

– 14 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

6.3.2.2 Apparatus
Test equipment as described in ASTM D4728:2006, Clause 5 – Apparatus shall be used.
6.3.2.3 Procedure
The transportation simulation shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D4169-16 with one
complete stack of modules:
The applied test profile shall meet the following requirements:
a) A frequency range of within 5 from 1 Hz 7 to 200 Hz.
b) A test severity not below 0,49 0,54 g 8 as described in Annex A.
RMS
c) The test duration shall last at least 180 min.
d) Excitation axis: vertical.
Following the random vibration test, a series of shock tests shall be carried out on the shipping
unit.
6.3.3 Shock testing
6.3.3.1 Incline impact test
6.3.3.1.1 Purpose
The incline impact test shall be performed to simulate stress potentially caused by forklift
transportation.
6.3.3.1.2 Apparatus
Test equipment as described in ASTM D880-92 shall be used.
6.3.3.1.3 Procedure
The procedure as described in ISTA 3E Test Block 2 shall be followed.
6.3.3.2 Rotational edge drop test
6.3.3.2.1 Purpose
A rotational edge drop test shall be performed to test the integrity of the shipping supporting
units pallet.
6.3.3.2.2 Apparatus
Test equipment as described in ISTA 3E Test Block 3 shall be used.
6.3.3.2.3 Procedure
The procedure as described in ISTA 3E Test Block 3 shall be followed.
6.3.3.3 Vertical shock test
6.3.3.3.1 Purpose
A shock test according to IEC 60068-2-27 shall be performed. This test procedure simulates
stresses as may be caused by potholes or sidewalk edges which are not covered by the random
vibration test.
6.3.3.3.2 Apparatus
Test equipment as described in IEC 60068-2-27:2008, Clause 4 shall be used.
The following deviation will be tolerated, if the applied variations are explained and clearly
documented in the report:
• Extension of the mounting table in order to fit larger package units in an appropriate way.
6.3.3.3.3 Procedure
100 half sinusoidal shocks with duration of 11 ms shall be applied vertically (z direction).
6.3.3.4 Horizontal impact test
6.3.3.4.1 Purpose
For testing the integrity of the shipping unit regarding internal displacements or displacements
of the shipping goods against the pallet, an incline impact test shall be performed in accordance
with ASTM D5277-92. This test simulates sudden deceleration and sideward acceleration in
curves during truck transportation.
6.3.3.4.2 Apparatus
Test equipment as described in ASTM D5277-92 shall be used.
6.3.3.4.3 Procedure
A test according to ASTM D5277-92 “test method for performing programmed horizontal impact
using an incline impact tester” shall be performed. The difference compared to the incline impact
test is that the shipping unit is decelerated on the transport sledge / transport vehicle.
The pallet has to be restrained, and the load on top of the pallet has to be unrestrained.
The characteristic of this impact shall be half sinusoidal shock like. The half sinus shock shall
have a deceleration of 1 g and a length of 350 ms and shall be applied on each horizontal side.
It is common to start with an initial value of 0,3 g and increase the deceleration stepwise until
the integrity of the shipping unit is damaged or the end value of 1 g is reached.
6.4 Environmental stress tests
6.4.1 PV modules
6.4.1 Path A
6.4.1.1 General
The transportation test is followed by a thermal cycling test in accordance with IEC 61215:2005
respectively IEC 61646:2008, 10.11 IEC 61215‑2:2021 MQT 11 for 200 cycles. During this
thermal cycle test no current flow is required unless this test protocol is combined with an
IEC 61215 respectively IEC 61646 type approval. Continuity of the circuit through the module
shall still be measured using a current flow of less than 0,5 % of short circuit current of the
module under test.
6.4.1.2 Sample allocation for path A
a) 1 x module (highest power loss relative to initial measurement after transport simulation);
b) 1 x module (lowest power loss relative to initial measurement after transport simulation);
c) 1 x module from separate shipping unit.

– 16 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

NOTE The thermal cycling test represents the worst case variability of temperature in temperate climates. In
general, PV modules are multilayer products. Each material (layer) has a different thermal expansion. This causes
stress between the layers while thermal cycling. The cells, the joints and cell/string connectors may be especially
prone to strains.
6.4.2 Path B
6.4.2.1 General
The transportation test is followed by a dynamic mechanical load test according to
IEC TS 62782 (1 000 cycles), a thermal cycling test according to IEC 61215 respectively
IEC 61646, 10.11 IEC 61215-2:2021 MQT 11 with 50 cycles and a humidity-freeze test
according to IEC 61215 respectively IEC 61646, 10.12 IEC 61215-2:2021 MQT 12 with 20
cycles. The sequence concludes with a mechanical load test according to IEC 61215
respectively IEC 61646, 10.16 MQT 16 of IEC 61215-2:2021 in upwards and downwards
direction.
The dynamic mechanical load test for photovoltaic modules is described in IEC TS 62782. The
module shall be installed according to the installation manual of the manufacturer. If different
mounting techniques are possible, the worst case mounting situation shall be applied.
6.4.2.2 Sample allocation for path B
a) 1 x module (second 9 highest power loss relative to initial measurement after transport
simulation);
b) 1 x module (second lowest power loss relative to initial measurement after transport
simulation);
c) 1 x module from separate shipping unit.
6.4.2 CPV modules and receivers
The transportation test is followed by a dynamic mechanical load test acc. to IEC 62782, a pre-
thermal cycle test and a humidity freeze test according to IEC 62108:2007, 10.8. The sequence
concludes with a mechanical load test according to IEC 62108:2007, 10.13.
The dynamic mechanical load test for photovoltaic modules is described in IEC 62782. The CPV
module shall be installed according to the installation manual of the manufacturer. If different
mounting techniques are possible, the worst case mounting situation shall be applied.
Sample allocation for CPV modules and receivers
a) 1 × module (highest power loss relative to initial measurement after transport simulation);
b) 1 × module (lowest power loss relative to initial measurement after transport simulation);
c) 1 × modules from separate shipping unit.
7 Pass criteria 10
A shipping unit design for PV modules shall be judged to have passed the qualification tests,
and therefore to be type approved, if each PV module test sample meets all the following
criteria:
a) After the complete test sequence (of path A and B), the maximum power output drop of each
module P shall be less than 5 %, referenced to the module’s initial measured power
max
output P (Lab, Initial). Each test sample shall meet the following criterion:
max
𝑟𝑟|%|
( ) ( ) (1)
𝑃𝑃 Lab, Final ≥ 0,95 × 𝑃𝑃 Lab, Initial ×�1− �
max max
where
r is the reproducibility according to IEC 61215-1;
P (Lab, Final) is the final measured maximum power output;
max
P (Lab, Initial) is the initial measured maximum power output.
max
The reproducibility r shall be calculated as defined in IEC 61215-1 using the levels given in
the technology specific parts of IEC 61215-1.
b) No sample has shown any open circuit during the tests.
c) There is no visual evidence of a major defect, as defined in IEC 61215-1: 2021, Clause 8.
d) The prescribed insulation test requirements are met after the tests at the initial, intermediate
and final measurements.
e) The prescribed wet leakage current test requirements are met at the initial, intermediate
and final measurements.
f) The requirements of the continuity test of equipotential bonding are met at the initial,
intermediate and final measurements.
g) Specific requirements of the individual tests in path A and B are met.
8 Reporting
Each test report shall include at least the following information:
a) a title;
b) name and address of the test laboratory and location where the tests were carried out;
c) unique identification of the report and of each page;
d) name and address of client, where appropriate;
e) description and identification of the item tested;
f) characterization and condition of the test item;
g) date of receipt of test item and date(s) of test, where appropriate;
h) identification of test method used;
i) reference to sampling procedure, where relevant;
j) the applied standard for transportation testing and the used test profile, any deviations from,
additions to or exclusions from the test method, and any other information relevant to a
specific test, such as environmental conditions, or the irradiation dose in kWh/m at which
stability is reached;
k) measurements, examinations and derived results supported by tables, graphs, sketches and
photographs, respectively electroluminescence or thermal images, if applicable. Of
particular importance are results indicating power loss or damages caused by the testing;
l) information about any abnormalities like movement of the modules inside the packaging, or
damages of the packaging system;
m) camera properties of electroluminescence and thermal imaging devices as well as the used
current on the PV module and the exposure time, if applicable;
n) a statement of the estimated uncertainty of the test results (where relevant);
o) a signature and title, or equivalent identification of the person(s) accepting responsibility for
the content of the certificate or report, and the date of issue;
p) where relevant, a statement to the effect that the results relate only to the items tested;
q) a statement that the report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written
approval of the laboratory.
A copy of this report shall be kept by the manufacturer for reference purposes.

– 18 – IEC 62759-1:2022 CMV © IEC 2022

Annex A
(normative informative)
Test profiles
A.1 Overview
For informative purposes, the following PSD test profiles are shown and analyzed according to
the criteria defined in Clause 6.The main reference for transport testing is the PSD profile out
of the standard ASTM D4169. Other PSD profiles also fulfill the transportation testing
requirements. The relevant frequency range for examination is between 5 1 Hz and 200 Hz.
The result of the analysis is shown in Table A.1. The listed test profiles fulfill the requirements
which are defined in Clause 6. The result of the analysis is shown in Table A.1. The listed test
profiles pass the requirements defined in Clause 6.
Table A.1 – Severity of common transport test profiles:
complete and in range (5 1 Hz to 200 Hz)
g (5 Hz – 200 Hz) g complete profile
Name test profile
RMS RMS
Main reference: ASTM D4169 (truck medium) 0,499 0,520
ISTA 3 E 0,504 0,540
MIL STD 810G / IEC 60064-2-64 IEC 60068-2-64 0,950 1,040
ISO 13355 0,583 0,590
The resonance of PV modules depends on the construction, including mass, size and stiffness.
Tests have shown that the slowest fundamental resonance of a PV module is ~ 5 Hz. Most
transportation test profiles have the majority of the energy between the frequencies of 5 1 Hz
and 200 Hz. A reasonable benchmark for different transportation test profiles for PV modules
should therefore only include vibrations between 5 1 Hz and 200 Hz.
A.2 Data points of appropriate PSD test profiles
The following Tables A.2 to A.5 identify the profile boundaries of the PSD excitation profiles
analysed and shown in Table A.1 and Figure A.1.

Table A.5 – ISTA 3E
Table A.2 – Main reference ASTM D4169
(truck medium)
Frequency
g /Hz
Hz
Frequency
g /Hz
1 0,0072
Hz
3 0,018
1 0,00005
4 0,0018
4 0,01
6 0,00072
16 0,01
12 0,00072
40 0,001
16 0,0036
80 0,001
25 0,0036
200 0,00001
30 0,00072
0,520 g
RMS
40 0,0036
80 0,0036
Table A.3 – Grid points ISO 13355
100 0,00036
Frequency
200 0,000018
g /Hz
Hz
0,540 g
RMS
3 0,0005
6 0,012
18 0,012
40 0,001
200 0,0005
0,590 g
RMS
Table A.4 – IEC 60068-2-64 /
MIL STD 810G
Frequency
g /Hz
Hz
5 0,015
40 0,015
500 0,00015
1,040 g
RMS
– 20 – IEC 62759-1:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
The following profile has been chosen for the testing of PV shipping units. Table A.2 identifies
the profile boundaries of the PSD excitation profiles analysed and shown in Table A.1 and
Figure A.1.
Table A.2 – ASTM D4169-16 (medium) and ISTA 3E:2017
Frequency
PSD level g /Hz
Hz
1 0,00072
3 0,018
4 0,018
6 0,00072
12 0,00072
16 0,0036
25 0,0036
30 0,00072
40 0,0036
80 0,0036
100 0,00036
200 0,000018
Overall g : 0,540 g
RMS RMS
IEC
ASTM D4169-16 (medium) and ISTA 3E 2017, g = 0,54
RMS
Figure A.1 – Appropriate PSD test profile

– 22 – IEC 62759-1:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
Annex B
(normative)
Retesting 11
B.1 Overview of transportation tests after modification
If PV modules have been modified in their design, as the transportation tests listed in Table B.1,
the transportation tests shall be performed.
For any change of packaging material, profile, dimensions or assembly, a complete retest has
to be evaluated. 12
No test repetition is required for thin-film specific design modifications:
– Modification to cell technology.
– Modification to interconnect material or technique.
– Modification to front contact.
– Modification to cell layout.
– Modification to back contact.
– Modification to edge deletion.
Table B.1 – Retests
Item Design modification Modification to module requiring retest
for different material, i.e. any change in specification of the material
or any of its layers, for glass: reduction of thickness by more than
10 %; non-glass: change of thickness by more than 20 % of any one
1 Frontsheet
of the individual layers and if there is a reduction in the strengthening
process (for example retest if change from tempered glass to heat
strengthened or annealed)
for reduction in thickness of total encapsulation by more than 20 %
prior to processing;
2 Encapsulation system
for different material, e.g. change from EVA to PVB or Polyolefine
only for c-Si: for change in nominal cell thickness bigger than 10 %
and different size (± 10 %) of cell or use of cut cells (e.g. halved)
3 Cell technology and size
change in cell technology
only for c-Si: for significant change in solder material, or substitution
...