IEC 61375-3-4:2014

IEC 61375-3-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electronic railway equipment – Train communication network (TCN) –
Part 3-4: Ethernet Consist Network (ECN)

Matériel électronique ferroviaire – Réseau embarqué de train (TCN) –
Partie 3-4: Réseau Ethernet de Rame (ECN)

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IEC 61375-3-4 ®
Edition 1.0 2014-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electronic railway equipment – Train communication network (TCN) –

Part 3-4: Ethernet Consist Network (ECN)

Matériel électronique ferroviaire – Réseau embarqué de train (TCN) –

Partie 3-4: Réseau Ethernet de Rame (ECN)

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XF
ICS 45.060 ISBN 978-2-8322-1447-3

– 2 – IEC 61375-3-4:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 9
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 12
3 Terms, definitions, symbols, abbreviations and conventions . 13
3.1 Terms and definitions . 13
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 14
3.3 Conventions . 17
3.3.1 Bit numbering conventions . 17
3.3.2 Byte order conventions . 17
3.3.3 Data types . 17
4 Common part . 18
4.1 General . 18
4.2 Architecture . 18
4.2.1 Network structure . 18
4.2.2 Network topology . 19
4.2.3 End Device classes . 20
4.2.4 Network Device types and Consist Switch classes . 21
4.3 Data class . 22
4.4 Functions and services . 23
4.5 Redundancy . 24
4.5.1 General . 24
4.5.2 Definitions . 25
4.5.3 Redundancy managed at network level . 25
4.5.4 Redundancy managed at End Device level . 26
4.6 Quality of service . 27
4.6.1 General . 27
4.6.2 Priority level . 27
4.6.3 Assignment of priority level . 28
4.6.4 Consist Switch behavior . 28
4.6.5 Ingress rate limiting . 28
4.6.6 Egress rate shaping . 29
4.7 IP address and related definitions . 29
4.7.1 Consist Network address . 29
4.7.2 Train Network Address . 29
4.7.3 Group Address . 30
4.7.4 Name resolution and naming definitions . 30
4.8 IP address and network configuration management . 31
4.8.1 Consist Network address management . 31
4.8.2 Train network address management . 31
4.8.3 Static network configuration parameters . 32
4.8.4 DHCP configuration parameters . 32
4.8.5 IP address management for TBN redundancy . 33
4.9 Network Device interface . 34
4.9.1 General . 34

4.9.2 Function requirements . 34
4.9.3 Performance requirements . 36
4.9.4 Physical Layer . 36
4.9.5 Link Layer . 39
4.9.6 Network Layer . 39
4.9.7 Transport Layer . 39
4.9.8 Application layers . 40
4.10 End Device interface . 40
4.10.1 General . 40
4.10.2 Physical Layer . 42
4.10.3 Link Layer . 43
4.10.4 Network layer . 43
4.10.5 Transport Layer . 43
4.10.6 Application layer . 43
4.11 Gateway functions . 44
4.11.1 WTB gateway functions . 44
4.11.2 ETB gateway functions . 44
4.12 Network management . 45
4.12.1 ECN network management . 45
4.12.2 WTB network management . 45
4.12.3 ETB network management . 45
5 Conformance test . 45
Annex A (informative) Reliability and availability comparison between ECN
architectures. 46
A.1 General . 46
A.2 Failure cases . 46
A.2.1 Definitions . 46
A.2.2 Example of failure cases – Linear topology . 47
A.2.3 Example of failure cases – Parallel networks . 48
A.2.4 Example of failure cases – Ring topology . 49
A.2.5 Example of failure cases – Ladder topology . 50
A.3 Redundancy level of ECN architecture . 52
A.4 Reliability analysis of redundancy level . 53
A.5 Redundancy of End Devices . 55
Annex B (informative) Railway-Network Address Translation (R-NAT) . 57
B.1 General . 57
B.2 Local Consist subnet IP address . 57
B.3 TBN R-NAT . 58
B.4 Interoperability issue between TBNs . 58
Annex C (normative) Transceiver with amplified signals protocol definition . 60
C.1 General . 60
C.2 Type A: Transceiver with amplified signals for Physical Layer based on
IEEE 802.3 (10BASE-T) . 60
C.2.1 General . 60
C.2.2 Transceiver unit . 60
C.2.3 Transmission signal characteristics . 61
C.2.4 Reception signal characteristics . 64
C.3 Type B: Transceiver with amplified signals for Physical Layer based on
IEEE 802.3 (100BASE-TX) . 65

– 4 – IEC 61375-3-4:2014 © IEC 2014
C.3.1 General . 65
C.3.2 Transceiver unit . 65
C.3.3 Transmission signal characteristics . 66
C.3.4 Reception signal characteristics . 66
Annex D (informative) Ladder topology protocol definition . 68
D.1 General . 68
D.2 Architecture of Consist Network Node . 68
D.2.1 General . 68
D.2.2 Concept of ladder topology . 68
D.2.3 Configuration of ladder topology . 69
D.2.4 Functional structure of Consist Network Node. 70
D.2.5 Traffic Store for Process Data . 72
D.2.6 Redundancy in ladder topology . 73
D.2.7 Configuration parameters for ladder topology . 75
D.2.8 Signal connection for trunk link . 76
D.2.9 Local link connection . 77
D.3 Link Layer . 77
D.3.1 General . 77
D.3.2 MAC – Media Access Control . 78
D.3.3 IP address and IP address management . 101
D.4 Consist Network Node management protocol . 101
D.4.1 General . 101
D.4.2 Architecture of CNN management . 102
D.4.3 Individual CNN management information . 102
D.4.4 CNN management database . 105
D.4.5 Primitives for CNN management protocol . 107
D.4.6 Parameters for CNN management protocol . 107
D.4.7 Timers for CNN management protocol . 108
D.4.8 Procedures for CNN management protocol . 109
D.4.9 Operation of CNN management machine . 112
D.4.10 Port number assignment for CNN management protocol . 114
D.5 Failure cases in ladder topology. 115
D.5.1 General . 115
D.5.2 Failure cases . 115
D.5.3 Restore of the network . 119
Bibliography . 120

Figure 1 – Logical view of the ECN . 19
Figure 2 – Examples of ECN physical topologies . 20
Figure 3 – Example of network components . 25
Figure 4 – Examples of dual homing . 27
Figure 5 – D-coded M12 connector . 38
Figure 6 – Logical structure of the gateway between ECN and WTB . 44
Figure A.1 – Example of single network component failure . 46
Figure A.2 – Example of double network component failures . 47
Figure A.3 – Example of a single component failure at a link on linear topology . 47
Figure A.4 – Example of a single component failure at an active component on linear
topology . 48

Figure A.5 – Example of a single component failure at a link on parallel networks . 48
Figure A.6 – Example of a single component failure at an active component on parallel
networks . 49
Figure A.7 – Example of a single component failure at a link on ring topology . 49
Figure A.8 – Example of a single component failure at an active component on ring
topology . 50
Figure A.9 – Example of a single component failure at an active component on ring
topology (with dual homing ED) . 50
Figure A.10 – Example of a single component failure at a link on a ladder topology . 51
Figure A.11 – Example of a single component failure at an active component on ladder
topology . 51
Figure A.12 – Example of double component failures at links on ladder topology . 51
Figure A.13 – Example of double component failures at active components on ladder
topology (with bypass) . 52
Figure A.14 – Example of ECN architecture classified by redundancy level . 53
Figure B.1 – Example of ECN local IP range, “shadow” of train IP range for R-NAT . 57
Figure B.2 – Example of Railway Network Translation (R-NAT). 58
Figure B.3 – From R-NAT TBN to TBN . 59
Figure B.4 – From TBN to R-NAT TBN . 59
Figure C.1 – Block diagram of transceiver unit for 10BASE-T MAU . 61
Figure C.2 – Differential output voltage test . 61
Figure C.3 – Twisted-pair model . 62
Figure C.4 – Amplified voltage template . 62
Figure C.5 – Amplified transmitter waveform for start of TP_IDL . 63
Figure C.6 – Start-of-TP_IDL test load . 64
Figure C.7 – Amplified transmitter waveform for link test pulse . 64
Figure C.8 – Amplified receiver differential input voltage – narrow pulse . 65
Figure C.9 – Amplified receiver differential input voltage – wide pulse . 65
Figure C.10 – Block diagram of transceiver unit . 66
Figure C.11 – Signal_detect assertion threshold . 67
Figure D.1 – Concept of ladder topology . 69
Figure D.2 – Configuration of ladder topology . 69
Figure D.3 – Basic flows of data frames on trunk links and local links in ladder topology . 70
Figure D.4 – Functional structure of Consist Network Node . 72
Figure D.5 – Concept of Traffic Store in ladder topology . 73
Figure D.6 – Example of configuration of ladder topology . 74
Figure D.7 – Block diagram of the transceiver unit for a single twisted pair connection . 77
Figure D.8 – Cable connection for a single twisted pair . 77
Figure D.9 – Example of CNN number assignment in ladder topology . 79
Figure D.10 – Frame format for the commands . 80
Figure D.11 – Link establishment between two CNNs . 82
Figure D.12 – Link establishment in ladder topology . 83
Figure D.13 – Local links between redundant CNNs . 83
Figure D.14 – Example of CNN modes . 83
Figure D.15 – Structure and primitives of Real Time MAC sub-layer . 85

– 6 – IEC 61375-3-4:2014 © IEC 2014
Figure D.16 – TPCM state machine . 90
Figure D.17 – ACM state machine . 93
Figure D.18 – State diagram of USE_TOKEN . 95
Figure D.19 – Example of sequence of transmission . 99
Figure D.20 – Architecture of CNN management . 102
Figure D.21 – State diagram for CNNMM . 113
Figure D.22 – Normal configuration of transmission paths in ladder topology . 115
Figure D.23 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with a single link failure in a sub-
network . 116
Figure D.24 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with a single CNN failure in a
sub-network . 116
Figure D.25 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with double failures of links in a
sub-network . 117
Figure D.26 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with double failures of links over
both sub-networks . 117
Figure D.27 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with double failures of CNNs
over both sub-networks . 118
Figure D.28 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with double failures of a link and
a CNN over both sub-networks . 118
Figure D.29 – Re-configuration of transmission paths with double failures of a link and
a CNN over both sub-networks . 119

Table 1 – End Device classes (1) . 21
Table 2 – End Device classes (2) . 21
Table 3 – Network Device types . 22
Table 4 – Consist Switch classes . 22
Table 5 – Data class service parameters . 23
Table 6 – Typical values for data class service parameters . 23
Table 7 – Mapping of priorities to data classes . 28
Table 8 – End Device static network configuration parameters . 32
Table 9 – DHCP options . 33
Table 10 – Summary of Network Device interfaces . 34
Table 11 – Pinning for D-coded M12 connector . 38
Table 12 – Summary of End Device interfaces . 41
Table A.1 – Redundancy level of ECN architecture . 52
Table A.2 – Reliability of redundancy level . 54
Table A.3 – Reliability when common cause failures are considered . 54
Table A.4 – Parameters for reliability and availability calculation . 55
Table A.5 – Reliability and availability example values . 55
Table A.6 – Reliability with ED redundancy comparison . 56
Table A.7 – Comparison of MTBFs ratios with ED redundancy . 56
Table C.1 – Output voltage template table . 63
Table C.2 – Twisted pair active output interface . 66
Table D.1 – Configuration parameters for CNN in sub-network 1 . 75
Table D.2 – Configuration parameters for CNN in sub-network 2 . 75

Table D.3 – Configuration_Process_Data_Transmission_Substitute. 76
Table D.4 – Type_Configuration_Substitute . 76
Table D.5 – Signal connection between transceivers (single twisted pair) . 77
Table D.6 – CNN number . 78
Table D.7 – Contents of the Destination Address field . 80
Table D.8 – Contents of the Source Address field . 80
Table D.9 – Contents of the Length/Type field . 80
Table D.10 – Contents of command and check code fields. 81
Table D.11 – Contents of the Padding field . 81
Table D.12 – CNN mode for CNN in ladder topology . 84
Table D.13 – Physical layer primitives . 85
Table D.14 – Variables and parameters for real time MAC protocol. 86
Table D.15 – Frame name . 87
Table D.16 – Timers for real time MAC protocol . 87
Table D.17 – Procedures for real time MAC protocol . 88
Table D.18 – Events for real time MAC protocol . 88
Table D.19 – TRRC primitives . 88
Table D.20 – TRRC operation on acceptance of request primitives . 89
Table D.21 – TRRC operation on acceptance of physical indication primitives . 89
Table D.22 – State transition table for TPCM . 91
Table D.23 – Procedures in TPCM state machine . 92
Table D.24 – TPCM primitives . 92
Table D.25 – State transition table for ACM . 94
Table D.26 – State transition table for USE_TOKEN . 96
Table D.27 – Variable for ACM . 97
Table D.28 – Configuration parameters for real time MAC. 97
Table D.29 – Time elements for sequence of transmission . 99
Table D.30 – Data class service parameters . 100
Table D.31 – Notation for IP address fields . 101
Table D.32 – Format of individual CNN management information . 103
Table D.33 – Description of parameters for individual CNN management information. 104
Table D.34 – Type_Connection_Status . 105
Table D.35 – Type_CNN_Flags . 105
Table D.36 – Type_Ip_Addr_3_4 . 105
Table D.37 – Parameters of CNN management database . 106
Table D.38 – Type_Connection_Status_All . 106
Table D.39 – Type_Ip_ Addr_3_4_All . 107
Table D.40 – Type_Healthy_Count_All . 107
Table D.41 – Primitives to the lower protocol layer for CNN management . 107
Table D.42 – Parameters for CNN management. 108
Table D.43 – Timers for CNN management . 109
Table D.44 – Procedures for CNN management . 109
Table D.45 – Functions for substitution transmission by detecting bypassed CNN . 110

– 8 – IEC 61375-3-4:2014 © IEC 2014
Table D.46 – Functions for substitution transmission by detecting link failure. 112
Table D.47 – Events for CNN management . 112
Table D.48 – State transition table for CNNMM . 114
Table D.49 – Default port number for CNN management protocol . 115

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRONIC RAILWAY EQUIPMENT –
TRAIN COMMUNICATION NETWORK (TCN) –

Part 3-4: Ethernet Consist Network (ECN)

FOREWORD
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International Standard IEC 61375-3-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 9:
Electrical equipment and systems for railways.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
9/1873/FDIS 9/1904/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of IEC 61375 series, under the general title Electronic railway equipment –
Train communication network (TCN), can be found on the IEC website.

– 10 – IEC 61375-3-4:2014 © IEC 2014
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
INTRODUCTION
This part of IEC 61375 series of international standards specifies the Consist Network based
on Ethernet technology, i.e. the Ethernet Consist Network (ECN) within the TCN architecture
as defined in IEC 61375-1, and End Devices which can attach to the ECN. In addition
gateway services between Train Backbone and ECN are specified.
The general architecture of the TCN (see IEC 61375-1) defines a hierarchical structure with
two levels of networks, Train Backbone(s) and Consist Network(s). This hierarchical structure
specifies Consist Networks based on different technologies such as MVB, CANopen and ECN
interfacing one Train Backbone. ECNs based on different design and implementation may be
interfaced to the same Train Backbone reaching the result that the Train Backbone ensures
interoperability between Consist Networks with different implementations.
The common part, consisting of Clauses 1 to 4, defines requirements and specifications which
are common to all ECN implementations and End Devices and gateways.
The common part defines
• the data communication interface of End Devices connected to the ECN,
• functions and services provided by the ECN to End Devices,
• the gateway functions for data transfer between Train Backbone and the ECN, and
• performances of the ECN.
– 12 – IEC 61375-3-4:2014 © IEC 2014
ELECTRONIC RAILWAY EQUIPMENT –
TRAIN COMMUNICATION NETWORK (TCN) –

Part 3-4: Ethernet Consist Network (ECN)

1 Scope
This part of IEC 61375 specifies the data communication network inside a Consist based on
Ethernet technology, the Ethernet Consist Network (ECN).
The applicability of this part of IEC 61375 to the Consist Network allows for interoperability of
individual vehicles within Open Trains in international traffic.
This part of IEC 61375 may be additionally applicable to closed trains and Multiple Unit Trains
when so agreed
...