IEC 60092-501:2025

IEC 60092-501 ®
Edition 6.0 2025-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Electrical installations in ships -
Part 501: Special features - Electric propulsion plant
ICS 47.020.60  ISBN 978-2-8327-0644-2

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviated terms. 11
4 System . 12
4.1 System design . 12
4.1.1 General. 12
4.1.2 Design requirements . 13
4.1.3 Blocking devices for shafts. 13
4.1.4 Permanently excited motors . 13
4.1.5 Special requirements for ships with only one propeller shaft . 13
4.1.6 Special requirements for ships with more than one propeller shafts . 13
4.2 System responsibility . 13
4.3 Torsional stress and torsional vibrations . 14
4.4 Protection and operational stability . 14
4.5 Protection against moisture and condensation . 14
4.6 Excitation systems . 14
4.6.1 General requirements . 14
4.6.2 Power sources . 15
4.6.3 Propulsion motors . 15
4.7 Wires, cables, busbars, trunking systems . 16
5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and harmonic distortion . 16
5.1 General . 16
5.2 Electromagnetic interference (EMI), transients and total harmonic distortion
(THD) . 16
5.3 Special power distribution zone . 16
6 Prime movers . 17
6.1 General requirements. 17
6.2 Speed deviations . 17
6.3 Parallel operation . 17
6.4 Regenerated energy from propeller . 17
7 Generators and other power sources . 18
7.1 Electric generators . 18
7.1.1 General requirements . 18
7.1.2 Bearings and lubrication . 18
7.1.3 Cooling . 19
7.1.4 Protection . 19
7.1.5 Test . 19
7.2 Other power sources . 19
8 Propulsion switchboards . 19
8.1 General . 19
8.2 Instrumentation . 19
8.3 Test . 19
9 Propulsion transformers . 20
9.1 General requirements. 20
9.1.1 General. 20
9.1.2 Degree of protection . 20
9.2 Cooling . 20
9.2.1 Liquid-cooled transformers . 20
9.2.2 Air-cooled transformers . 20
9.2.3 Air-forced/water-cooled transformers . 21
9.3 Protection . 21
9.4 Test . 21
10 Converters . 21
10.1 General . 21
10.2 Design of semiconductor converters . 22
10.3 Cooling of semiconductor converters . 22
10.4 Protection . 22
10.5 Test . 23
11 Harmonic filtering . 23
12 Propulsion motors . 24
12.1 General requirements. 24
12.2 Bearings and lubrication . 24
12.3 Cooling of propulsion motors . 24
12.4 Protection against moisture and condensate . 24
12.5 Protection . 25
12.5.1 Overcurrent . 25
12.5.2 Overspeed of the propulsion motors . 25
12.6 Tests . 25
12.7 Short-circuit withstand capability . 25
12.8 Accessibility and facilities for repairs in-situ . 25
13 Special requirements for podded drives . 26
13.1 General requirements. 26
13.2 Sensors . 26
13.2.1 General requirements . 26
13.2.2 Bearings . 26
13.2.3 Bilges . 27
13.2.4 Fire alarm . 27
13.2.5 Accessible areas. 27
13.3 Protection of the propulsion motor against internal fault . 27
13.4 Air humidity . 27
13.5 Motor supply lines. 27
13.6 Slip rings . 28
13.6.1 General. 28
13.6.2 Tests . 28
13.7 Azimuth drive . 31
13.7.1 General. 31
13.7.2 Thrust azimuth angle . 32
13.7.3 Control. 32
13.7.4 Additional requirements on control stations for azimuth drives . 32
13.7.5 Additional start permission . 33
14 Control . 33
14.1 General . 33
14.2 Typical control configuration . 33
14.3 Function description . 34
14.4 Location of manoeuvring controls . 35
14.5 Main and local control stations . 35
14.6 Additional power management functions . 36
14.6.1 General. 36
14.6.2 Test . 36
14.7 Measuring, indicating, control and monitoring equipment . 36
14.7.1 General requirements . 36
14.7.2 At local control station . 36
14.7.3 At (main) control station on the bridge . 37
14.7.4 At (main) control station in the engine control room . 37
14.8 Availability . 38
14.9 Start blockings . 38
14.10 Factory acceptance test (FAT) . 38
15 Tests . 39
15.1 General . 39
15.2 In-process tests . 39
15.3 Factory acceptance test . 39
15.4 Dock and sea trials . 39
16 Documentation . 40
Annex A (normative) Protection and alert matrix . 41
A.1 General . 41
A.2 Protection and alerts . 41
Bibliography . 44

Figure 1 – Typical equipment (configuration) for ships with two propellers (left) or one
propeller (right) . 12
Figure 2 – Typical control configuration . 34
Figure A.1 – Propulsion equipment with monitored items . 41

Table 1 – Permissible end temperature values. 30
Table A.1 – Protection and alerts of the propulsion system . 42

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Electrical installations in ships -
Part 501: Special features - Electric propulsion plant

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
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shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60092-501 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 18: Electrical installations of
ships and of mobile and fixed offshore units. It is an International Standard.
This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2013. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) addition of podded drives including azimuth in the scope;
b) addition of alternative power sources;
c) modification of the special requirements for ships with only one propulsion motor;
d) new definition for test of slip ring units;
e) modification of Figure 2 and description;
f) addition of a description of power management functions;
g) addition of emergency stop at control stations;
h) clearer start blockings;
i) deletion of Table A.2, Table A.3 and Table A.4 in Annex A. Their content has been moved
to Table 1.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
18/1982/FDIS 18/2001/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts in the IEC 60092 series, published under the general title Electrical installations
in ships, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
– reconfirmed,
– withdrawn, or
– revised.
INTRODUCTION
The IEC 60092 series forms a series of international standards for electrical installations in
sea-going ships, incorporating good practices and coordinating as far as possible existing rules.
This series forms a code of practical interpretation and amplification of the requirements of the
International Convention on Safety of Life at Sea, a guide for future regulations which may be
prepared and a statement of practice for use by shipowners, ship builders and appropriate
organizations.
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60092 applies to electric propulsion plants and specifies system design,
installation and testing for equipment such as:
– generators and their prime movers or other power sources (fuel cell, battery, …);
– switchboards;
– transformers/reactors;
– semiconductor converters;
– propulsion motors;
– excitation systems;
– control, monitoring and safety systems;
– wires, cables, busbars or trunking systems;
– podded drives including azimuth.
Thrusters intended either as auxiliary steering or auxiliary propulsion devices or both and
booster equipment are excluded.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60034 (all parts), Rotating electrical machines
IEC 60034-1:2022, Rotating electrical machines - Part 1: Rating and performance
IEC 60068-2-6:2007, Environmental testing - Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60076 (all parts), Power transformers
IEC 60092-101:2018, Electrical installations in ships - Part 101: Definitions and general
requirements
IEC 60092-202, Electrical installations in ships - Part 202: System design - Protection
IEC 60092-301, Electrical installations in ships - Part 301: Equipment - Generators and motors
IEC 60092-302-2:2019, Electrical installations in ships - Part 302-2: Low voltage switchgear
and controlgear assemblies - Marine power
IEC 60092-303, Electrical installations in ships - Part 303: Equipment - Power transformers and
reactors
IEC 60092-352, Electrical installations in ships - Part 352: Choice and installation of electrical
cables
___________
1 Applies in conjunction with IEC 61439-1:2020 and IEC 61439-2:2020.
IEC 60092-401, Electrical installations in ships - Part 401: Installation and test of completed
installation
IEC 60092-503, Electrical installations in ships - Part 503: Special features - AC supply systems
with voltages in the range of above 1 kV up to and including 36 kV
IEC 60092-504:2016, Electrical installations in ships - Part 504: Automation, control and
instrumentation
IEC 60146 (all parts), Semiconductor converters
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60533, Electrical and electronic installations in ships - Electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC) - Ships with a metallic hull
IEC 61180, High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment - Definitions, test and
procedure requirements, test equipment
IEC 61378-1, Converter transformers - Part 1: Transformers for industrial applications
IEC 61439-1:2020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules
IEC 61439-2:2020, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 2: Power
switchgear and controlgear assemblies
IEC 61800 (all parts), Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems
IEC 62271-200:2021, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 200: AC metal-enclosed
switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV
IEC 62271-200:2021/AMD1:2024
IEC 62477 (all parts), Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and
equipment
IMO Resolution MSC.137(76):2002, Annex 6, Standards for Ship Manoeuvrability
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS):1974, Consolidated edition 2014
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
– IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
– ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1.1
alert
alerts announce abnormal situations and conditions requiring attention. Alerts are divided in
four priorities: emergency alarms, alarms, warnings and cautions
[SOURCE: IMO Resolution A.1021(26)]
3.1.1.1
emergency alarm
an alarm which indicates that immediate danger to human life or to the ship and its machinery
exists and that immediate action should be taken
[SOURCE: IMO Resolution A.1021(26)]
3.1.1.2
alarm
an alarm is a high priority of an alert. Condition requiring immediate attention and action, to
maintain the safe navigation and operation of the ship
[SOURCE: IMO Resolution A.1021(26)]
3.1.1.3
warning
condition requiring no immediate attention or action. Warnings are presented for precautionary
reasons to bring awareness of changed conditions which are not immediately hazardous, but
may become so if no action is taken
[SOURCE: IMO Resolution A.1021(26)]
3.1.1.4
caution
lowest priority of an alert. Awareness of a condition which does not warrant an alarm or warning
condition, but still requires attention out of the ordinary consideration of the situation or of given
information
[SOURCE: IMO Resolution A.1021(26)]
3.1.2
appropriate authority
governmental body and/or classification society whose rules or regulations an installation is
required to comply with
[SOURCE: IEC 60092-101:2018, 3.1, modified – In the definition, "a ship" has been replaced
with "an installation", “regulations” added.]
3.1.3
azimuth drive
system which rotates the propulsion unit around its vertical axis
3.1.4
booster equipment
device that is not needed for propulsion but is installed to increase power or efficiency
3.1.5
dead ship condition
condition where the entire machinery installation, including the power supply, is out of operation
and where auxiliary services such as compressed air, starting current from batteries, etc. for
bringing the main propulsion into operation and for the restoration of the main power supply,
are not available
[SOURCE: IEC 60092-201:2019, 3.1.1, modified – In the entry, "condition" has been added.]
3.1.6
complete propulsion
consisting of power generation, power distribution, power conversion, drive motor, propeller
shaft and propeller and the controls thereof
3.1.7
double sensor
two-sensor element in one housing
3.1.8
local control station
place of control which creates a reference value for the controlled system independent of the
remote-control system and any external limitations
3.1.9
main control station
place of control of the main propulsion system which is crewed under seagoing conditions
3.1.10
motor supply lines
cables and/or busbars used to supply electrical power to the propulsion motor(s)
3.1.11
inaccessible space
space that is not accessible during operation without dry docking
3.1.12
nominated body
installer or manufacturer that has been given direct responsibility for the complete propulsion
system
3.1.13
normal operation
intended operation in the absence of any failure
3.1.14
single failure criterion
criterion (or requirement) applied to the ship's electric propulsion system such that the ship is
capable of maintaining manoeuvrability under the conditions of the class certificate in the
presence of any single technical failure
3.1.15
podded drive
propulsion system in which the motor is in a dedicated, submerged unit (pod housing)
3.1.16
power management system
PMS
automatic control system for the generation and distribution of electrical energy
3.1.17
power source
one or more generators and their prime movers and/or other power sources such as fuel cell,
battery, etc.
3.1.18
prime mover
device that converts a source of energy into mechanical energy to drive a generator
3.1.19
propulsion control system
system consisting of operation, dynamic control, interlocks, protection and safety of the
propulsion system
3.1.20
propulsion generator
generator which powers the propulsion system
3.1.21
propulsion motor
electrical motor intended to provide propulsion power
3.1.22
propulsion network
electrical network to which the propulsion system is connected
Note 1 to entry: This can be a subsystem dedicated to propulsion, or the general supply system.
3.1.23
propulsion switchboard
switchboard used for power distribution to the propulsion systems
3.1.24
redundant sensor
pair of sensors in separate housings
3.1.25
remote control system
system which comprises all equipment necessary to operate units from a control position where
the operator cannot directly observe the effect of their actions
3.2 Abbreviated terms
ECR engine control room
EMC electromagnetic compatibility
EMI electromagnetic interference
FAT factory acceptance test
FMEA failure mode effect analysis
HAT harbour acceptance test
HL high level
HHL high-high level
IP ingress protection
f ω
rr
Q quality factor of an oscillation Q where
∆∆f ω
f = resonance frequency; ∆f = resonance width
r
==
SAT sea acceptance test
THD total harmonic distortion
UPS uninterruptible power supply
4 System
4.1 System design
4.1.1 General
A typical electrical propulsion system can consist of the following hardware components:
– propulsion generators or other power sources, or both;
– propulsion switchboard;
– transformers to convert the ship's voltage to the converter voltage;
– converter to supply the electric motor;
– control system;
– propulsion motor;
– harmonic filters.
The power generation used for the propulsion motors may be used for ship service distribution.
A typical configuration of the hardware components is shown in Figure 1.

Key
1 power source 4 propulsion transformer 7 propeller
(optional)
2 propulsion generator or other 5 propulsion converter
power source
3 propulsion switchboard 6 propulsion motor

Figure 1 – Typical equipment (configuration) for ships
with two propellers (left) or one propeller (right)
4.1.2 Design requirements
The single failure criterion shall be the basis of the design of the electric propulsion system.
Means shall be provided whereby local control of propulsion machinery can be sustained or
restored, even though the remote-control system becomes inoperative, see Clause 14.
4.1.3 Blocking devices for shafts
Where windmilling can be detrimental, the shaft shall be equipped with a blocking device or
brake to prevent shaft rotation, allowing towing or the operation of the remaining shaft(s). The
power of the drive(s) for the remaining shaft(s) can be limited if manoeuvring capability is
maintained even under all weather conditions including heavy weather.
4.1.4 Permanently excited motors
It shall be possible to disconnect motors with permanent excitation from the respective
converter. Additionally, there shall be a braking or blocking system which can lock the shaft
under all weather and normal towing conditions. Alternatively, a decoupling system can be used
to ensure the motor shaft stands still.
Under fault conditions it is possible to have arcing and high current even without contribution
from the converter, which will lead to power dissipation in the fault location.
In order to ensure personnel safety, and to limit the risk of fires, it shall be possible to prevent
the generation of induced voltage in case there is an internal short circuit in the machine. It
shall be possible to prevent the generation of inducted voltage.
EXAMPLE This can be achieved by mechanically stopping the rotor, or by bringing the air gap flux to zero.
4.1.5 Special requirements for ships with only one propeller shaft
At least two independent electric propulsion motors shall be installed. Provisions shall be taken
to disconnect each motor from the respective converter. Each combination of converter and
motor shall be designed for at least 50 % of the propulsion drive nominal torque.
Any single electrical failure shall not result in complete loss of propulsion power.
The single failure criterion referred to in 4.1.2 requires that means shall be provided whereby
manoeuvrability can be sustained or restored so that the ship can manouver under the
conditions of the class certificate even though one of the essential auxiliaries becomes
inoperative.
4.1.6 Special requirements for ships with more than one propeller shafts
The single failure criterion referred to in 4.1.2 requires that means shall be provided whereby
manoeuvrability can be sustained or restored in the case of any electrical failure.
4.2 System responsibility
The ship builder shall be responsible for the integration of the complete propulsion system. This
responsibility can be delegated to any party that contributes to the design. The delegation shall
be documented.
The documentation shall include information about the responsibilities and communication
between delegated party, ship builder and ship owner.
This responsible party shall have the necessary expertise and resources enabling a controlled
integration process.
4.3 Torsional stress and torsional vibrations
Propulsion trains shall be capable of withstanding all loading conditions. The influence of
torsional excitations caused by electrical components shall be considered. Evidence shall be
shown by a torsional vibration calculation that shows no stresses that exceed the design stress.
The analysed oscillating system shall include all mechanical parts involved as well as all
excitations caused by electrical components.
The manufacturers of the components shall provide all necessary information to the system
responsible body, see 4.2.
The highest oscillating torque is expected during a two-phase short-circuit of the motor. The
highest torque is expected during a three-phase short-circuit of the motor.
The propulsion plant shall withstand all possible load conditions.
4.4 Protection and operational stability
Protection criteria shall be as defined in Annex A.
Shutdown of the propulsion system shall be avoided except in cases which can lead to serious
damage, or complete breakdown.
The control system shall be designed so that it is able to control the propulsion system under
the conditions of class certificate, even when a single fault in any system occurs.
The propulsion or manoeuvrability of the ship shall not be influenced by a failure or malfunction
in any other on-board control system. Conversely the propulsion control system shall execute
only propulsion related functions.
For electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), see Clause 5.
All means for normal operation of the propulsion system, including necessary power generation,
shall have interlocks in order to prevent incorrect operation and damages.
4.5 Protection against moisture and condensation
Effective means, for example space heaters or air dryers, shall be provided in motors,
generators, converters, transformers and switchboards to prevent accumulation of moisture and
condensate, even if they are idle for extended period including time if the ship is laid up.
4.6 Excitation systems
4.6.1 General requirements
The current and voltage of excitation systems and their supply shall be suitable for the output
required during manoeuvring, overcurrent and short-circuit or stalling conditions.
If the protection device of the excitation system trips, the circuit breaker of the respective
generator or motor shall also trip and the crew shall be alerted.
Protection functions inside the excitation system shall not interfere with the selectivity of the
protection of the electrical system.
Means shall be provided to suppress harmful voltage rises at the motor terminals due to
switching or to any failure of the excitation system.
4.6.2 Power sources
4.6.2.1 Synchronous Generators
The steady and transient regulation conditions of the excitation system including the automatic
voltage regulator shall be in accordance with IEC 60092-301.
Excitation systems shall be supplied from the generator side and the generator shall be self-
excited. In general, the voltage built-up shall be done without the aid of an external electric
power source.
External power supply can be used for exciter control circuits if redundancy for this external
source is arranged, even for the voltage built-up. The external source of power shall be supplied
from the corresponding main switchboard section and emergency source of electrical power.
Every generator excitation system shall be supplied by a power supply independent of the ones
supplying the other excitation systems.
4.6.2.2 Asynchronous generators
An asynchronous generator set consists of an asynchronous machine and a power converter.
The power converter controls the voltage.
In steady and transient conditions, voltage control shall be in accordance with IEC 60092-301.
The power converter for every generator shall be supplied by an independent power supply, for
example a battery or a UPS with sufficient power to excite the generator.
Asynchronous generator sets shall be able to:
a) start the whole system from dead ship condition;
b) maintain the selectivity of the protection of the electrical system.
4.6.2.3 Other power sources
Other power sources (according to SOLAS) shall be able to:
a) start the whole system from dead ship condition;
b) maintain the selectivity of the protection of the electrical system.
NOTE 1 Selectivity can be ensured by producing sufficient fault current to enable selective coordination of
protection devices, or by alternative protection schemes.
NOTE 2 SOLAS power sources are defined in SOLAS II-1, Reg. 41.
4.6.3 Propulsion motors
For motors with separate exciter circuit, the exciter circuit shall be supplied from the same
energy source as the one supplying the stator windings.
This means that the switchboard section supplying the stator winding should be the energy
source of the associated exciter system.
4.7 Wires, cables, busbars, trunking systems
Cables shall be selected and installed in accordance with IEC 60092-352 and IEC 60092-401.
The cabling, busbars, trunking systems and slip rings for different propulsion systems shall be
segregated. Cabling, busbars, trunking systems and slip rings shall be so arranged that any
single electrical fault, localized fire or incident will not cause total loss of propulsion. If the
converter technology requires special properties of the cabling between converter and motor,
the specification of the converter manufacturer shall be observed.
The design of cabling, busbars, trunking systems and slip rings shall consider failure conditions
including the magnitude and duration of fault currents.
5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and harmonic distortion
5.1 General
The responsible party (4.2) shall specify the electromagnetic emissions and immunity
requirements of the propulsion system so that it will function in its own environment and will not
introduce undue influence on other essential ship functions. The maker shall adhere to these
specifications.
NOTE This means performance criterion A as defined in IEC 60533.
5.2 Electromagnetic interference (EMI), transients and total harmonic distortion (THD)
The body responsible for the integration of the complete propulsion system (see 4.2) shall
specify the equipment in such a way that equipment producing transient voltages, common
mode voltages, frequency or current variations, or both, shall not cause malfunctions of other
equipment on board. Alternatively, the system integrator can implement measures to prevent
the above-mentioned disturbing equipment from interfering neither by conduction nor induction
or radiation.
The design shall consider any disturbance that the propulsion converters create within the
propulsion.
...