IEC TR 60825-14:2004

TECHNICAL IEC
REPORT TR 60825-14
First edition
2004-02
Safety of laser products –
Part 14:
A user's guide
Reference number
IEC/TR 60825-14:2004(E)
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TECHNICAL IEC
REPORT TR 60825-14
First edition
2004-02
Safety of laser products –
Part 14:
A user's guide
 IEC 2004  Copyright - all rights reserved
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– 2 – TR 60825-14  IEC:2004(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.4
INTRODUCTION.6
1 Scope and object.7
2 Terms and definitions .8
3 Administrative policies.16
3.1 Safety responsibilities.16
3.2 Competent persons.17
3.3 Laser Safety Officer .17
3.4 Information and training.18
4 Laser radiation hazards .19
4.1 Laser products.19
4.2 Exposure to laser radiation.23
4.3 Determining the level of laser exposure.23
5 Determining the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) .28
5.1 General remarks.28
5.2 Repetitively pulsed or modulated lasers .28
5.3 Multiple wavelengths.29
5.4 Extended source MPEs.30
5.5 Hazard distance and hazard area .30
6 Associated hazards.31
6.1 Additional health hazards .31
6.2 Hazards arising from the laser.32
6.3 Hazards arising from the environment .33
6.4 Control of associated hazards .34
7 Evaluating risk.35
7.1 Hazards and risks.35
7.2 Risk assessment: Stage 1 – Identifying potentially injurious situations. .35
7.3 Risk assessment: Stage 2 – Assessing risk for potentially injurious situations. .36
7.4 Risk assessment: Stage 3 – Selecting control measures .38
8 Control measures.38
8.1 General.38
8.2 Hazard reduction.39
8.3 Enclosing the hazard.39
8.4 Hazard mitigation.41
8.5 Equipment servicing.46
9 Maintenance of safe operation.47
10 Incident reporting and accident investigation .48
11 Medical surveillance.48

Annex A (informative) Examples of interlock systems for laser controlled areas.54
Annex B (informative) Examples of calculations .59
Annex C (informative) Biophysical considerations .82

Bibliography.92

TR 60825-14  IEC:2004(E) – 3 –

Figure 1 – Laser hazard symbol.18
Figure 2a – Measurement set-up using a lens.26
Figure 2b – Direct measurement set-up .27
Figure 2 – Measurement set-ups.27
Figure A.1 – Purpose of an interlock system .56
Figure A.2 – Non-locking interlock system .57
Figure A.3 – Locking interlock system.58
Figure B.1 – Laser diode array with two groupings.76
Figure C.1 – Anatomy of the eye.89
Figure C.2 – Diagram of laser-induced damage in biological systems .90

Table 1 – Default protective control measures for laser products .21
Table 2 – The diameter of the limiting aperture applicable to measurements of
irradiance and radiant exposure (t is the exposure duration) .25
Table 3 – Duration T below which pulse groups are summed up .29
i
Table 4 – Additivity of effects on eye (O) and skin (S) of radiation of different spectral
regions .30
Table 5 – Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) at the cornea for direct exposure to
laser radiation.49
Table 6 – Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) at the cornea for direct exposure to
laser radiation from extended sources in the wavelength range from 400 nm to
1400 nm (retinal hazard region) .50
Table 7 – Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of skin to laser radiation.51
Table 8 – Correction factors for MPEs .52
Table 9 – Laser controlled areas.53
Table C.1 – Summary of pathological effects associated with excessive exposure to light .84
Table C.2 – Explanation of measurement apertures applied to the MPEs.88

– 4 – TR 60825-14  IEC:2004(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS –
Part 14: A user's guide
FOREWORD
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example "state of the art".
IEC 60825-14, which is a technical report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76:
Optical radiation safety and laser equipment.
The text of this technical report is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
76/271/DTR 76/282/RVC
Full inf
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