IEC 60522:1999

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
Second edition
1999-02
Determination of the permanent filtration
of X-ray tube assemblies
Détermination de la filtration permanente
des gaines équipées
Reference number
Numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the
60000 series.
Consolidated publications
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available. For example, edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the
base publication, the base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base

publication incorporating amendments 1 and 2.

Validity of this publication
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC,
thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology.
Information relating to the date of the reconfirmation of the publication is available
in the IEC catalogue.
Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken
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Terminology, graphical and letter symbols
For general terminology, readers are referred to IEC 60050: International
Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV).
For graphical symbols, and letter symbols and signs approved by the IEC for
general use, readers are referred to publications IEC 60027: Letter symbols to be
used in electrical technology, IEC 60417: Graphical symbols for use on equipment.
Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets and IEC 60617: Graphical symbols
for diagrams.
* See web site address on title page.

INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD
Second edition
1999-02
Determination of the permanent filtration
of X-ray tube assemblies
Détermination de la filtration permanente
des gaines équipées
 IEC 1999  Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
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– 2 – 60522 © IEC:1999(E)
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD 3
..........................................................................................................................

Clause
1 Scope and object 5
.............................................................................................................

1.1 Scope 5
.....................................................................................................................

1.2 Object 5
.....................................................................................................................

2 Normative references 5
.......................................................................................................
3 Terminology 6
.....................................................................................................................
3.1 Degree of requirements 6
...........................................................................................
3.2 Use of terms 6
...........................................................................................................
3.3 Defined terms 6
.........................................................................................................
4 Measurement of PERMANENT FILTRATION 6
............................................................................
4.1 General 6
...................................................................................................................
4.2 Test sample 7
............................................................................................................
RAY BEAM
4.3 Generation of the X- for measurement 7
......................................................
ADIATION DETECTOR
4.4 R 7
...............................................................................................
4.5 Composition of reference materials 7
.........................................................................
4.6 Method of measurement 7
..........................................................................................
5 Indications and statements of PERMANENT FILTRATION 8
........................................................
Annex A (normative) Terminology – Index of defined terms 9
.....................................................

60522 © IEC:1999(E) – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

___________
DETERMINATION OF THE PERMANENT FILTRATION

OF X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLIES
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60522 has been prepared by subcommittee 62B: Diagnostic
imaging equipment, of IEC technical committee 62: Electrical equipment in medical practice.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1976 and constitutes a
technical revision.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report of voting
62B/359/FDIS 62B/363/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report of
voting indicated in the above table.
Annex A forms an integral part of this standard.

– 4 – 60522 © IEC:1999(E)
In this standard, the following print types are used:

– requirements, compliance with which can be tested and definitions: roman type;

– explanations, advice, notes, general statements, exceptions and references: smaller type;

– test specifications and headings of subclauses: italic type;

– TERMS DEFINED IN CLAUSE 3 OF THIS STANDARD, IN CLAUSE 2 OF IEC 60601-1, IN IEC 60788 OR IN

ANNEX A: SMALL CAPITALS.
NOTE – Attention is drawn to the existence, in some countries, of legislation concerning RADIATION safety which

may not align with the provisions of this standard.

A bilingual version of this standard may be issued at a later date.

60522 © IEC:1999(E) – 5 –
DETERMINATION OF THE PERMANENT FILTRATION

OF X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLIES
1 Scope and object
1.1 Scope
This International Standard applies to X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLIES for medical diagnosis and

RADIOTHERAPY.
1.2 Object
PERMANENT FILTRATION RAY TUBE ASSEMBLIES
This standard defines the concept of in X- for
medical diagnosis and RADIOTHERAPY and describes a method for its determination. It contains
requirements for statements of compliance for ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS and for markings on
X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLIES.
Methods are given to determine the PERMANENT FILTRATION in an X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLY with an
accuracy that is sufficient to enable the appropriate ADDITIONAL FILTRATION to be provided in
order to attain the desired TOTAL FILTRATION.
NOTE 1 – This standard does not contain requirements for any specific values of PERMANENT FILTRATION or TOTAL
FILTRATION to be provided. For X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLIES and X-RAY EQUIPMENT used for diagnostic purposes,
appropriate requirements are given in IEC 60601-1-3.
NOTE 2 – The method of determination described in this standard is suitable as a type test. It is not intended as a
test to be applied by the USER.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to
agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of
IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60601-1:1988, Medical electrical equipment – Part 1: General requirements for safety

Amendment No. 1 (1991)
Amendment No. 2 (1995)
IEC 60601-1-3:1994, Medical electrical equipment – Part 1: General requirements for safety –
3. Collateral Standard: General requirements for radiation protection in diagnostic X-ray
equipment
IEC 60788:1984, Medical radiology – Terminology
ISO 2092:1981, Light metals and their alloys – Code of designation based on chemical symbols

– 6 – 60522 © IEC:1999(E)
3 Terminology
3.1 Degree of requirements
In this standard, certain terms which are not printed in SMALL CAPITALS have particular

meanings, as follows:
– "shall" indicates a requirement that is mandatory for compliance;

– "should" indicates a strong recommendation that is not mandatory for compliance;

– "may" indicates a permitted manner of complying with a requirement or of avoiding
the need to comply;
– "specific" is used to indicate definitive information stated in this standard or referenced
in other standards, usually concerning particular operating conditions, test
arrangements or values connected with compliance;
– "specified" is used to indicate definitive information stated by the MANUFACTURER in
ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS or in other documentation relating to the equipment
under consideration, usually concerning its intended purposes, or the
parameters or conditions associated with its use or with testing to determine
compliance.
3.2 Use of terms
In this standard, terms printed in SMALL CAPITALS are used in accordance with their definitions
in this standard, in IEC 60601-1, or in IEC 60788.
NOTE – Where terms having definitions in the publication listed above are not printed in small capitals, the
definitions do not apply and the meaning is determined by the context.
An index of defined terms used in this standard is given in annex A.
3.3 Defined terms
For the purpose of this standard, the following additional definition applies.
PERMANENT FILTRATION: The QUALITY EQUIVALENT FILTRATION effected in an X-RAY TUBE
3.3.1
ASSEMBLY by permanently fixed materials intercepting the X-RAY BEAM, that are not intended to
be removed for any application and are not provided with means for removal in NORMAL USE.
PERMANENT FILTRATION
4 Measurement of
When, in accordance with the requirements in clause 5, the PERMANENT FILTRATION is to be
expressed in terms of the actual filtering material (e.g. beryllium), the nature and thickness of
the material present shall be determined or verified by inspection. In other cases, the following
test shall be used to determine the PERMANENT FILTRATION of an X-RAY TUBE ASSEMBLY to be
indicated or stated in accordance with this standard.
4.1 General
The PERMANENT FILTRATION is determined by measuring the QUALITY EQUIVALENT FILTRATION of
samples of the permanently fixed materials, used in the construction of the X-RAY TUBE
ASSEMBLY, that intercept the X-RAY BEAM. Where appropriate, a composite sample replicating
the combination of the various materials and their thicknesses, as actually used in the
construction, can be tested. Alternatively, the PERMANENT FILTRATION can be computed from
measurements on samples of the individual materials concerned, provided that:

60522 © IEC:1999(E) – 7 –
– the reference material is the same for each sample and,

– the RADIATION QUALITY of the X-RAY BEAM used for the determination is adjusted to
compensate for the absence of any components of the PERMANENT FILTRATION missing from

the sample and normally located between the sample and the FOCAL SPOT.

NOTE – The result of the determination is valid only for a particular combination of materials, as tested. In

manufacture, the composition and thicknesses of materials actually used must be controlled within appropriate

limits, in order to maintain compliance with any stated value of PERMANENT FILTRATION.

4.2 Test sample
Use a test sample, replicating, in accordance with 4.1, either the complete composition of
layers of different materials, or a layer of an individual material, as used in the construction of
RAY TUBE ASSEMBLY PERMANENT FILTRATION
the X- concerned to effect the whole or part of its .
4.3 Generation of the X-RAY BEAM for measurement
To generate the X-RAY
...