IEC 61951-1:2013

IEC 61951-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2013-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid
electrolytes – Portable sealed rechargeable single cells –
Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –
Accumulateurs individuels portables étanches –
Partie 1: Nickel-cadmium
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IEC 61951-1 ®
Edition 3.0 2013-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid

electrolytes – Portable sealed rechargeable single cells –

Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
Accumulateurs alcalins et autres accumulateurs à électrolyte non acide –

Accumulateurs individuels portables étanches –

Partie 1: Nickel-cadmium
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX W
ICS 29.220.30 ISBN 978-2-8322-1122-9

– 2 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Parameter measurement tolerances . 8
5 Cell designation and marking . 9
5.1 Cell designation . 9
5.1.1 Small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells . 9
5.1.2 Button cells . 10
5.2 Cell termination . 10
5.3 Marking . 11
5.3.1 Small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells . 11
5.3.2 Button cells . 11
6 Dimensions . 12
6.1 Small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells . 12
6.1.1 General . 12
6.1.2 Small prismatic cells . 12
6.1.3 Cylindrical cells . 13
6.2 Button cells. 15
7 Electrical tests . 16
7.1 General . 16
7.2 Charging procedure for test purposes . 16
7.3 Discharge performance . 16
7.3.1 General . 16
7.3.2 Discharge performance at 20 °C . 16
7.3.3 Discharge performance at –18 °C . 17
7.3.4 Discharge performance for rapid charge cells (R cells) . 18
7.4 Charge (capacity) retention . 18
7.5 Endurance . 18
7.5.1 Endurance in cycles . 18
7.5.2 Permanent charge endurance . 21
7.6 Charge acceptance at constant voltage . 26
7.7 Overcharge. 26
7.7.1 Small prismatic cells . 26
7.7.2 L, M, H or X cylindrical and button cells . 27
7.7.3 LT/LU, MT/MU or HT/HU cylindrical cells . 27
7.7.4 J cylindrical cells . 27
7.7.5 JT cylindrical cells . 28
7.7.6 R cylindrical cells . 28
7.8 Gas release device operation . 28
7.9 Storage . 29
7.10 Charge acceptance at +55 °C for LT, MT or HT cylindrical cells . 29
7.11 Trickle charge acceptance for JT cylindrical cells . 30
7.12 Internal resistance . 30
7.12.1 General . 30

61951-1  IEC:2013 – 3 –
7.12.2 Measurement of the internal a.c. resistance . 31
7.12.3 Measurement of the internal d.c. resistance . 31
8 Mechanical tests . 32
9 Safety requirements . 32
10 Type approval and batch acceptance . 32
10.1 General . 32
10.2 Type approval . 32
10.2.1 Type approval for small prismatic cells . 32
10.2.2 Type approval for cylindrical and button cells. 32
10.3 Batch acceptance . 34
Annex A (informative) Procedure for measuring the capacity of a battery . 36
Bibliography . 37

Figure 1 – Jacketed cylindrical cells . 12
Figure 2 – Jacketed small prismatic cells . 12
Figure 3 – Jacketed cells dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells . 13
Figure 4 – Button cells . 15

Table 1 – Dimensions of jacketed small prismatic cells . 12
Table 2 – Dimensions of jacketed cylindrical cells dimensionally interchangeable with
primary cells . 13
Table 3 – Dimensions of jacketed cylindrical cells not dimensionally interchangeable
with primary cells . 14
Table 4 – Dimensions of button cells . 15
Table 5 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells . 16
Table 6 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for button cells . 17
Table 7 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for small prismatic cells . 17
Table 8 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for cylindrical cells . 17
Table 9 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for button cells . 18
Table 10 – Endurance in cycles for small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells not
dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells . 19
Table 11 – Endurance in cycles for H or X cells . 20
Table 12 – Endurance in cycles for cylindrical X cells . 20
Table 13 – Endurance in cycles for HR or XR cells . 21
Table 14 – Endurance in cycles for button cells . 21
Table 15 – Permanent charge endurance for L, M, J, H or X cylindrical cells . 22
Table 16 – Permanent charge endurance for button cells . 22
Table 17 – Permanent charge endurance for LT, MT, or HT cylindrical cells . 24
Table 18 – Permanent charge endurance for LU, MU, or HU cylindrical cells . 26
Table 19 – Overcharge at 0 °C . 27
Table 20 – Charge and discharge at +55 °C . 30
Table 21 – Trickle charge acceptance for JT cylindrical cells . 30
Table 22 – Constant discharge currents used for measurement of d.c. resistance . 31
Table 23 – Sequence of tests for type approval for small prismatic cells . 32
Table 24 – Sequence of tests for type approval for cylindrical cells . 33

– 4 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
Table 25 – Sequence of tests for type approval for button cells . 34
Table 26 – Recommended test sequence for batch acceptance . 35

61951-1  IEC:2013 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING
ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
PORTABLE SEALED RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS –

Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61951-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 21A: Secondary cells
and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes, of IEC technical committee 21:
Secondary cells and batteries.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (2003) and its amendment 1 (2005)
of which it constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
• addition of several new cell sizes;
• introduction of a new cell type J;
• creation of Annex A: Capacity of batteries measurement.

– 6 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
21A/521/FDIS 21A/525/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61951 series can be found, under the general title Secondary cells
and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes – Portable sealed rechargeable
single cells, on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
61951-1  IEC:2013 – 7 –
SECONDARY CELLS AND BATTERIES CONTAINING
ALKALINE OR OTHER NON-ACID ELECTROLYTES –
PORTABLE SEALED RECHARGEABLE SINGLE CELLS –

Part 1: Nickel-cadmium
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61951 specifies marking, designation, dimensions, tests and requirements for
portable sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic, cylindrical and button rechargeable single
cells, suitable for use in any orientation.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
IEC 60050-482, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Chapter 482: Primary and
secondary cells and batteries
IEC 60086-1, Primary batteries – Part 1: General
IEC 60086-2, Primary batteries – Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications
IEC 60410, Sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes
IEC 61959, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Mechanical tests for sealed portable secondary cells and batteries
IEC 62133, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes –
Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells and for batteries made from them, for
use in portable applications
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in the IEC 60050-482 and
the following apply.
3.1
nominal voltage
suitable approximate value of voltage used to designate or identify the voltage of a cell or a
battery
Note 1 to entry: The nominal voltage of a sealed nickel-cadmium rechargeable single cell: 1,2 V
Note 2 to entry: The nominal voltage of a battery of n series connected cells is equal to n times the nominal
voltage of a single cell.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-31, modified – Addition of Notes 1 and 2 to entry.]

– 8 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
3.2
rated capacity
capacity value of a cell or battery determined under specified conditions and declared by the
manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The rated capacity is the quantity of electricity C Ah (ampere-hours) declared by the
manufacturer which a single cell can deliver during a 5 h period when charging, storing and discharging under the
conditions specified in 7.3.2.
Note 2 to entry: The capacity of battery is the quantity of electricity C Ah (ampere-hours) declared by the
manufacturer which a battery can deliver during a 5 h period, when charged, stored and discharged under the
procedure described in Annex A.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-15, modified – Addition of Notes 1 and 2 to entry.]
3.3
small prismatic cell
cell in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped whose width and thickness dimensions are not
more than 25 mm
3.4
cylindrical cell
cell of circular cross-section in which the overall height is equal to, or greater than, the overall
diameter
3.5
button cell
cell of a circular cross-section in which the overall height is less than the overall diameter
3.6
nickel-cadmium cell
secondary cell containing a nickel hydroxide compound for the positive electrode, cadmium
compound for the negative electrode, and potassium hydroxide or other alkaline solution as
electrolyte. Positive electrodes are isolated from negative electrodes by a separator
3.7
sealed cell
cell which remains closed and does not release either gas or liquid when operated within the
limits specified by the manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: The cell is equipped with a safety device to prevent dangerously high internal pressure.
Note 2 to entry: The cell does not require addition to the electrolyte and is designed to operate during its life in its
original sealed state.
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-17, modified – The existing note has been developed
into Notes 1 and 2 to entry.]
4 Parameter measurement tolerances
The overall accuracy of controlled or measured values, relative to the specified or actual values,
shall be within the following tolerances:
a) ±1 % for voltage;
b) ±1 % for current;
c) ±1 % for capacity;
d) ±2 °C for temperature;
e) ±0,1 % for time;
61951-1  IEC:2013 – 9 –
f) ±0,1 mm for dimensions;
g) ±5 % for humidity.
These tolerances comprise the combined accuracy of the measuring instruments, the
measurement techniques used and all other sources of error in the test procedure.
The details of the instrumentation used shall be provided in each report of results.
5 Cell designation and marking
5.1 Cell designation
5.1.1 Small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells
5.1.1.1 General
Sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic rechargeable single cells and cylindrical rechargeable
single cells shall be designated by a letter L, M, J, H or X which signifies:
• low rate of discharge (L);
• medium rate of discharge (M);
• high medium rate of discharge (J);
• high rate of discharge (H);
• very high rate of discharge (X).
NOTE 1 These cells are typically but not exclusively used for the following discharge rates:
• L up to 0,5 I A;
t
• M up to 3,5 I A;
t
• J up to 5,0 I A;
t
• H up to 7,0 I A;
t
• X up to and above 15 I A.
t
NOTE 2 These currents are expressed as multiples of I A, where I A = C Ah/1 h (see IEC 61434).
t t
When a cell is intended for permanent charge at elevated temperatures, typically higher than
40 °C, a letter "T" is placed after the letter L, M, J, H or X.
When a cell is intended for permanent charge at elevated temperatures, typically higher than
50 °C, a letter "U" is placed after the letter L, M, J, H or X.
When a cell is intended for rapid charge, typically at 1,0 I A, a letter “R” is placed after the
t
letter L, M, J, H or X.
5.1.1.2 Small prismatic cells
Sealed nickel-cadmium small prismatic rechargeable single cells shall be designated by the
letters “KF” followed by a letter L, M, J, H or X followed by three groups of figures, each one
separated by a solidus:
a) the two figures to the left of the first solidus shall indicate the maximum width specified for
the cell, expressed in millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number;
b) the two figures in the middle shall indicate the maximum thickness specified for the cell,
expressed in millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number;
c) the two figures to the right of the second solidus shall indicate the maximum height
specified for the cell, expressed in millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number.

– 10 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
EXAMPLE KFL 18/07/49 designation identifies a small prismatic cell of low discharge rate capability, with a
maximum width of 18 mm, a maximum thickness of 7 mm and a maximum height of 49 mm.
5.1.1.3 Cylindrical cells
Sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical rechargeable single cells shall be designated by the letters
“KR” followed by a letter L, M, J, H or X followed by two groups of figures, each one separated
by a solidus:
a) the two figures to the left of the solidus shall indicate the maximum diameter specified for
the cell, expressed in millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number;
b) the two figures to the right of the solidus shall indicate the maximum height specified for
the cell, expressed in millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number.
When a manufacturer designs a cell with dimensions and tolerances which make it
interchangeable with a primary cell, the designation of Table 2 shall also be marked on the cell.
EXAMPLE 1 KRL 33/62 designation identifies a cylindrical cell of low discharge rate capability, with a maximum
diameter of 33 mm and a maximum height of 61,5 mm.
EXAMPLE 2 KRLT 33/62 designation identifies a cylindrical cell of low discharge rate capability, intended for
permanent charge at elevated temperatures, with a maximum diameter of 33 mm and a maximum height of
61,5 mm.
EXAMPLE 3 KRHR 23/43 designation identifies a cylindrical cell of high discharge rate capability, intended for
rapid charge, with a maximum diameter of 23 mm and a maximum height of 43 mm.
For cells dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells, the following single or double
figures following the letter L, M or R may indicate:
• 20- size D
• 14- size C
• 6- size AA
• 03- size AAA
EXAMPLE 4 KRMR03 designation identifies a sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical rechargeable single cell, of
medium discharge rate capability, also intended for rapid charge, dimensionally interchangeable with primary cell
and whose type designation is AAA.
5.1.2 Button cells
Sealed nickel-cadmium button rechargeable single cells shall be designated by the letters “KB”
followed by a letter L, M or H which signifies:
• low rate of discharge (L);
• medium rate of discharge (M);
• high rate of discharge (H).
The group of three letters shall then be followed by two groups of figures separated by a
solidus:
a) the three figures to the left of the solidus shall indicate the maximum diameter specified for
the cell, expressed in tenths of millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number;
b) the three figures to the right of the solidus shall indicate the maximum height specified
for the cell, expressed in tenths of millimetres, rounded up to the next whole number.
EXAMPLE KBL 116/055 designation identifies a button cell of low discharge rate capability, with a maximum
diameter of 11,6 mm and a maximum height of 5,5 mm.
5.2 Cell termination
This standard does not specify cell termination.

61951-1  IEC:2013 – 11 –
5.3 Marking
5.3.1 Small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells
Each jacketed cell supplied without connections shall carry durable markings giving the
following minimum information:
• sealed, rechargeable nickel-cadmium or Ni-Cd;
• cell designation as specified in 5.1 (in addition, it is permissible for a manufacturer to use
his own type designation);
• rated capacity;
• nominal voltage;
• recommended charge rate and time or permanent charge current for “T” cells;
• polarity;
• date of manufacture (which may be in code);
• name or identification of manufacturer or supplier;
• mark for promoting useful use of cell resources.
NOTE 1 This mark is applied where a recycling programme is available.
NOTE 2 In general, sealed nickel-cadmium rechargeable single cells with connection tabs need no labels if they
form an integral part of a battery, in which case, the battery itself is marked with the above information.
5.3.2 Button cells
Each button cell supplied without connection shall carry durable markings giving the following
minimum information:
• cell designation as specified in 5.1;
• polarity;
• date of manufacture (which may be in code);
• name or identification of manufacturer or supplier.

– 12 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
6 Dimensions
6.1 Small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells
6.1.1 General
Dimensions of cells, shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, are given in Tables 1, 2 and 3.

Thickness
Diameter
Width
(+) (+)
(–)
(–)
IEC  2426/13 IEC  2427/13
Figure 1 – Jacketed cylindrical cells Figure 2 – Jacketed small prismatic cells
6.1.2 Small prismatic cells
Table 1 shows the dimensions for jacketed small prismatic cells.
Table 1 – Dimensions of jacketed small prismatic cells
Width Thickness Overall height
Cell designation
mm mm mm
KF 18/07/41 17,3 6,1 40,2
KF 18/07/49 17,3 48,2
6,1 0
–1,0
KF 18/09/49 17,3 8,3 48,2
–0,7
KF 18/07/68 17,3 6,1 67,3
KF 18/09/68 17,3 –1,0 8,3 67,3

KF 18/11/68 17,3 10,5 67,3
–1,5
KF 18/18/68 17,3 17,3 67,3
–1,0
KF 23/15/68 23,0 14,7 67,3
Height
Height
61951-1  IEC:2013 – 13 –
6.1.3 Cylindrical cells
6.1.3.1 Cells dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells
Table 2 gives the requirements relative to the dimensions for jacketed cylindrical cells which
are dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells, as shown in Figure 3.
Table 2 – Dimensions of jacketed cylindrical cells
dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells
Dimensions (mm)
Type Nominal
Cell Corresponding
d
designation voltage A B C D E F G Φ ΦP
a c
designation primary cell
b
(reference) (V)
Max Min Min - Max Max Min Min Max Min Max
R03
KR03 AAA 44,5 (43,3) 4,3 0,5 3,8 (2,0) 0,8 10,5 9,5 0,4
LR03
R6
KR6 AA 50,5 (49,2) 7,0 0,5 5,5 (4,2) 1,0 14,5 13,5 0,5
LR6
1,2
R14
KR14 C 50,0 (48,6) 13,0 0,9 7,5 (5,5) 1,5 26,2 24,9 1,0
LR14
R20
KR20 D 61,5 (59,5) 18,0 1,0 9,5 (7,8) 1,5 34,2 32,3 1,0
LR20
NOTE Figures in parentheses are reference values.
a
Cell designations shall be in accordance with the nomenclature rules given in IEC 60086-1.
b
In some countries these cell types are also known as AAA (R 03); AA (R 6); C (R 14); D (R 20).
c
Carbon zinc cells (R) and alkaline primary cells (LR) shall be compliant with the provisions of IEC 60086-2, respectively.
d
There is no specification for the value “D” for sealed nickel-cadmium cylindrical rechargeable single cells interchangeable with
primary cells.
Key
F
A maximum overall height of the cell;
(+)
B minimum distance between the flats of the positive and the negative
contacts;
C minimum outer diameter of the negative flat contact surface;
D maximum inner diameter of the negative flat contact surface;
E maximum recess of the negative flat contact surface;
F maximum diameter of the positive contact within the specified projection
height;
D
G minimum projection of the flat positive contact;
C
∅
∅ maximum and minimum diameters of the cell;
IEC  2428/13
∅P concentricity of the positive contact.
Figure 3 – Jacketed cells dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells

∅P
B
G
E
E
A
– 14 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
6.1.3.2 Cells not dimensionally interchangeable with primary cells
Table 3 shows the dimensions for jacketed cells which are not dimensionally interchangeable
with primary cells.
Table 3 – Dimensions of jacketed cylindrical cells not dimensionally
interchangeable with primary cells
Diameter Height
a
Cell designation
mm mm
KR 8/43 7,8     42,5
KR 11/16 10,5     16,0
KR 11/45 10,5     44,5
KR 12/30 12,0     30,0
KR 15/18 14,5     17,5
b
KR 15/29 14,5     28,7
KR 15/30 14,5     30,0
KR 15/43 14,5     43,0
b
KR 15/48 14,5     48,0
b
–0,7
KR 15/49 14,5     49,0
KR 15/51 14,5     50,5
b
KR 15/65 14,5     65,0
–1,5
KR 17/18 17,0     17,5
KR 17/29 17,0     28,5
KR 17/43 17,0     43,0
KR 17/50 17,0     50,0
KR 17/66 17,0     66,0
b
KR 17/67 17,0     67,0
KR 23/27 23,0     26,5
KR 23/34 23,0     34,0
KR 23/43 23,0     43,0
b
KR 23/50 23,0     50,0
KR 26/31 25,8     31,0
–1,0
KR 26/50 25,8     50,0
KR 33/36 32,1     36,3
–2,0
KR 33/44 33,0     44,0
KR 33/60 33,0 60,0
KR 33/62 33,0     61,5
KR 33/91 33,0     91,0
KR 44/71 43,5     71,0 0
–2,5
KR 44/91 43,5     91,0
–2,5
KR 44/146 43,5    146,0
a
The letters KR to be followed by L, M, J, H or X and T, U and/or R as appropriate (see 5.1.1.3).
b
6 new cells
61951-1  IEC:2013 – 15 –
6.2 Button cells
Dimensions of cells, shown in Figure 4, are given in Table 4.
Cells shall be constructed as design I or II.
Design I Design II
–
h h
+
d d
IEC  2429/13 IEC  2430/13
NOTE The polarity of design I is not standardized.
Figure 4 – Button cells
Table 4 shows the dimensions for sealed nickel-cadmium button rechargeable single cells.
Table 4 – Dimensions of button cells
Overall diameter, d Overall height, h
a
Cell designation
mm mm
b
KB 116/055 11,6 5,5
KB 156/048 15,6 4,8
KB 156/061 15,6 6,1
KB 222/050 22,2 5,0
–0,3
KB 229/055 22,9 5,5
–0,6
KB 232/030 23,2 3,0
KB 232/055 23,2 5,5
KB 232/067 23,2 6,7
KB 252/064 25,2 6,4
KB 252/077 25,2 7,7
–1,0
KB 252/095 25,2 9,5
KB 346/055 34,6 –0,4 5,5
–0,6
KB 346/098 34,6 9,8
KB 432/081 43,2 8,1
–1,0
KB 505/105 50,5 10,5
a
The letters KB shall be followed by L, M or H as appropriate (see 5.1.2).
b
KB 116/055 may be interchangeable with primary cell R 44.

– 16 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
7 Electrical tests
7.1 General
Charge and discharge currents for the tests in accordance with this Clause 7 and with Clause 5
shall be based on the rated capacity (C Ah). These currents are expressed as multiples of I A,
5 t
where I A = C Ah/1 h.
t 5
In all tests, except where noted, no leakage of electrolyte in liquid form shall be observed.
7.2 Charging procedure for test purposes
Unless otherwise stated in this standard, the charging procedure for test purposes shall be
carried out in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and a relative humidity of 65 % ± 20 %,
at a constant current of 0,1 I A for 16 h. The tests shall be performed within one month of the
t
arrival date or the purchasing date.
Prior to charging, the cell shall have been discharged in an ambient temperature
of 20 °C ± 5 °C, at a constant current of 0,2 I A, down to a final voltage of 1,0 V.
t
7.3 Discharge performance
7.3.1 General
The following discharge tests in 7.3.2 to 7.3.4 shall be carried out in the sequence given.
7.3.2 Discharge performance at 20 °C
The cell shall be charged in accordance with 7.2. After charging, the cell shall be stored, in an
ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C, for not less than 1 h and not more than 4 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C and as specified
in Tables 5 or 6. The duration of discharge shall not be less than the values specified in
Tables 5 or 6.
A discharge test is performed in order to verify the declared rated capacity of the cell.
The 0,2 I
t
Table 5 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for
small prismatic cells and cylindrical cells
Minimum discharge duration
Discharge conditions
h/min
Rate of Final Cell designation
constant current voltage
A V L/LT/LU M/MT/MU/J/JT H/HT/HU X
a
0,2 I 1,0 5 h 5 h 5 h 5 h
t
0,9 – 42 min 48 min 54 min
1,0 I
t
b
5,0 I 0,8 – – 6 min 9 min
t
b
0,7 – – – 4 min
10,0 I
t
a
Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which meets
the requirement.
b
Prior to the 5,0 I A and 10,0 I A tests, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall
t t
consist of charging at 0,1 I A in accordance with 7.2 and discharging at 0,2 I A, in an ambient temperature
t t
of 20 °C ± 5 °C, according to 7.3.2.

61951-1  IEC:2013 – 17 –
Table 6 – Discharge performance at 20 °C for button cells
Discharge conditions Minimum discharge duration
h/min
Rate of Final Cell designation
constant current voltage
L M H
A V
a
1,0 5 h 5 h 5 h
0,2 I
t
1,0 I 1,0 – 48 min 51 min
t
b
0,8 – – 6 min
5,0 I
t
a
Five cycles are permitted for this test. The test shall be terminated at the end of the first cycle which
meets the requirement.
b
Prior to the 5 I A test, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of
t
charging at 0,1 I A in accordance with 7.2 and discharging at 0,2 I A, in an ambient temperature of
t t
20 °C ± 5 °C, according to 7.3.2.

7.3.3 Discharge performance at –18 °C
The cell shall be charged in accordance with 7.2. After charging, the cell shall be stored in an
ambient temperature of –18 °C ± 2 °C for not less than 16 h and not more than 24 h.
The cell shall then be discharged in an ambient temperature of –18 °C ± 2 °C and as specified
in Tables 7, 8 or 9. The duration of discharge shall not be less than the values specified in
Tables 7, 8 or 9.
Table 7 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for small prismatic cells
Discharge conditions
Minimum discharge duration
h/min
Rate of constant current Final voltage
A V
0,2 I 1,0 3 h
t
0,9 15 min
1,0 I
t
Table 8 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for cylindrical cells
Minimum discharge duration
Discharge conditions
h/min
Rate of Final voltage Cell designation
constant current
L/LT/LU M MT/MU J H HT/HU X
A V
1,0 2 h 3 h 2 h 3 h 3 h 2 h 4 h
0,2 I
t
1,0 I 0,9 – 15 min 10 min 15 min 30 min 20 min 36 min
t
a
2,0 I 0,8 – – – – 9 min 6 min 13 min
t
a
0,8 – – – – – – 7 min
3,0 I
t
a
Prior to the 2,0 I A and 3,0 I A tests, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle consists
t t
of charging at 0,1 I A in accordance with 7.2 and discharging at 0,2 I A in an ambient temperature of 20 °C
t t
± 5 °C, according to 7.3.2.
– 18 – 61951-1  IEC:2013
Table 9 – Discharge performance at –18 °C for button cells
Minimum discharge duration
Discharge conditions
h/min
Rate of Final Cell designation
constant current voltage
L M H
A V
0,2 I 1,0 – 2 h 45 min 3 h
t
0,9 – 12 min 30 min
1,0 I
t
a
0,8 – – 9 min
2,0 I
t
a
Prior to the 2,0 I A test, a conditioning cycle may be included if necessary. This cycle shall consist of
t
charging at 0,1 I A in accordance with 7.2 and discharging at 0,2 I A in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ±
t t
5 °C, according to 7.3.2.
7.3.4 Discharge performance for rapid charge cells (R cells)
R cells shall be charged at a constant current of 1,0 I A for 1,2 h or other appropriate charge
t
termination method as recommended by the cell manufacturer, followed by a charge at 0,1 I A
t
for 2 h in an ambient temperature of 20 °C ± 5 °C. After charging, the cell shall be stored and
discharged as specified in 7.3.2 and 7.3.3.
The duration of discharge shall not be less than the values specified in Table 5 for discharge at
20 °C ± 5 °C and in Table 8 for discharge at –18 °C ± 2 °C.
7.4 Charge (capacity) retention
The charge (capacity) retention shall be determined by the following test. After charging in
accordance with 7.2, the cell shall be stored on open circuit for 28 days. The average ambient
temperature shall be 20 °C ± 2 °C. The temperature may be allowed to vary within the range of
20 °C ± 5 °C for short periods during the storage.
The cell shall be discharged under the conditions specified in 7.3.2 at a rate of 0,2 I A.
t
The duration of discharge after 28 days of storage at 20 °C shall not be less than:
• 3 h for small prismatic cells;
• 3 h 15 min for cylindrical cells;
• 3 h 15 min for H button cells;
• 3 h 45 min for L and M button cells.
7.5 Endurance
7.5.1 Endurance in cycles
7.5.1.1 Gen
...