EN 62097:2009

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2010
Vodni stroji, radialni in aksialni - Metoda prenosa zmogljivosti z modela na prototip
(IEC 62097:2009)
Hydraulic machines, radial and axial - Performance conversion method from model to
prototype
Hydraulische Maschinen, radial und axial - Leistungsumrechnung vom Modell zum
Prototyp
Machines hydrauliques, radiales et axiales - Méthodes de conversion des performances
du modèle au prototype
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62097:2009
ICS:
27.140 Vodna energija Hydraulic energy engineering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62097
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2009
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.140
English version
Hydraulic machines, radial and axial -
Performance conversion method from model to prototype
(IEC 62097:2009)
Machines hydrauliques,  Hydraulische Maschinen,
radiales et axiales - radial und axial -
Méthode de conversion des performances Leistungsumrechnung
du modèle au prototype vom Modell zum Prototyp
(CEI 62097:2009) (IEC 62097:2009)

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62097:2009 E
Foreword
The text of document 4/242A/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62097, prepared by IEC TC 4, Hydraulic
turbines, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as
EN 62097 on 2009-03-01.
The International Standard contains attached files in the form of Excel file. These files are intended to be
used as complement and do not form an integral part of this publication.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-12-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2012-03-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62097:2009 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________
- 3 - EN 62097:2009
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60193 1999 Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and EN 60193 1999
pump-turbines - Model acceptance tests

IEC 62097 ®
Edition 1.0 2009-02
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Hydraulic machines, radial and axial – Performance conversion method from
model to prototype
Machines hydrauliques, radiales et axiales – Méthode de conversion des
performances du modèle au prototype

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XC
CODE PRIX
ICS 27.140 ISBN 2-8318-1027-5
– 2 – 62097 © IEC:2009
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.7
1 Scope.9
2 Normative references .9
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units .9
3.1 System of units .9
3.2 List of terms .9
3.2.1 Subscripts’ list .9
3.2.2 Terms, definitions, symbols and units .10
4 Scale-effect formula .13
4.1 General .13
4.1.1 Scalable losses .13
4.1.2 Basic formulae of the scale effect on hydrodynamic friction losses .15
4.2 Specific hydraulic energy efficiency.17
4.2.1 Step-up formula.17
4.2.2 Roughness of model and prototype.19
4.2.3 Direct step-up for a whole turbine .22
4.3 Power efficiency (disc friction).23
4.3.1 Step-up formula.23
4.3.2 Roughness of model and prototype.23
4.4 Volumetric efficiency .24
5 Standardized values of scalable losses and pertinent parameters .24
5.1 General .24
5.2 Specific speed.25
5.3 Parameters for specific hydraulic energy efficiency step-up.25
5.4 Parameters for power efficiency (disc friction) step-up.26
6 Calculation of prototype performance .27
6.1 General .27
6.2 Hydraulic efficiency .27
6.3 Specific hydraulic energy .28
6.4 Discharge.28
6.5 Torque .29
6.6 Power.29
6.7 Required input data .30
7 Calculation procedure.31
Annex A (informative) Basic formulae and their approximation.33
Annex B (informative) Scale effect on specific hydraulic energy losses of radial flow
machines .43
Annex C (informative) Scale effect on specific hydraulic energy losses of axial flow
machines [10] .63
Annex D (informative) Scale effect on disc friction loss .70
Annex E (informative) Leakage loss evaluation for non homologous seals .76
Bibliography.83

Figure 1 – Basic concept for step-up considering surface roughness .16

62097 © IEC:2009 – 3 –
Figure 2 – IEC criteria of surface roughness given in Tables 1 and 2 .20
Figure 3 – Francis Runner blade and fillets .21
Figure 4 – Runner blade axial flow.22
Figure 5 – Guide vanes.22
Figure 6 – Calculation steps of step-up values.32
Figure A.1 – Flux diagram for a turbine .34
Figure A.2 – Flux diagram for a pump .35
Figure B.1 – Loss coefficient versus Reynolds number and surface roughness .44
Figure B.2 – Different characteristics of λ in transition zone.45
Figure B.3 – Representative dimensions of component passages .48
Figure B.4 – Relative scalable hydraulic energy loss in each component of Francis
turbine .54
Figure B.5 – Relative scalable hydraulic energy loss in each component of pump-
turbine in turbine operation .55
Figure B.6 – Relative scalable hydraulic energy loss in each component of pump-
turbine in pump operation .56
Figure B.7 – κ and κ in each component of Francis turbine.57
uCO dCO
Figure B.8 – κ and κ in each component of pump-turbine in turbine operation.58

uCO dCO
Figure B.9 – κ and κ in each component of pump-turbine in pump operation .59
uCO dCO
Figure B.10 – d and d for Francis turbine .60
ECOref Eref
Figure B.11 – d and d for pump-turbine in turbine operation .61

ECOref Eref
Figure B.12 – d and d for pump-turbine in pump-operation .62

ECOref Eref
Figure C.1 – δ for Kaplan turbines .66
Eref
Figure D.1 – Disc friction loss ratio δ .72
Tref
Figure D.2 – Dimension factor κ .74
T
Figure D.3 – Disc friction loss index d .75
Tref
Figure E.1 – Examples of typical design of runner seals (crown side) .78
Figure E.2 – Examples of typical design of runner seals (band side) .79

Table 1 – Maximum recommended prototype runner roughness for new turbines (μm).21
Table 2 – Maximum recommended prototype guide vane roughness for new turbines
(μm).22
Table 3 – Permissible deviation of the geometry of model seals from the prototype .24
Table 4 – Scalable loss index d and velocity factor κ for Francis turbines.25

ECOref uCO
Table 5 – Scalable loss index d and velocity index κ for pump-turbines in
ECOref uCO
turbine operation.26
Table 6 – Scalable loss index d and velocity index κ for pump-turbines in
ECOref uCO
pump operation.26
Table 7 – Scalable loss index d and velocity fac
...