EN 55016-2-1:2009

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 55016-2-1:2005
SIST EN 55016-2-1:2005/A1:2005
Specifikacija za merilne naprave in metode za merjenje radijskih motenj in
odpornosti - 2-1. del: Metode za merjenje radijskih motenj in odpornosti - Merjenje
motenj po vodnikih
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods --
Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity - Conducted
disturbance measurements
Anforderungen an Geräte und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung der Verfahren zur
Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit -- Teil
2-1: Verfahren zur Messung der hochfrequenten Störaussendung (Funkstörungen) und
Störfestigkeit - Messung der leitungsgeführten Störaussendung
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques -- Partie 2-1:
Méthodes de mesure des perturbations et de l'immunité - Mesures des perturbations
conduites
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 55016-2-1:2009
ICS:
17.220.20 0HUMHQMHHOHNWULþQLKLQ Measurement of electrical
PDJQHWQLKYHOLþLQ and magnetic quantities
33.100.20 Imunost Immunity
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 55016-2-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2009
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 Supersedes EN 55016-2-1:2004 + A1:2005

English version
Specification for radio disturbance
and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity -
Conducted disturbance measurements
(CISPR 16-2-1:2008)
Spécifications des méthodes  Anforderungen an Geräte
et des appareils de mesure und Einrichtungen sowie Festlegung
des perturbations radioélectriques der Verfahren zur Messung
et de l'immunité aux perturbations der hochfrequenten Störaussendung
radioélectriques - (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit -
Partie 2-1: Méthodes de mesure Teil 2-1: Verfahren zur Messung
des perturbations et de l'immunité - der hochfrequenten Störaussendung
Mesures des perturbations conduites (Funkstörungen) und Störfestigkeit -
(CISPR 16-2-1:2008) Messung der leitungsgeführten
Störaussendung
(CISPR 16-2-1:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-03-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 55016-2-1:2009 E
Foreword
The text of document CISPR/A/798/FDIS, future edition 2 of CISPR 16-2-1, prepared by CISPR SC A,
Radio-interference measurements and statistical methods, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel
vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 55016-2-1 on 2009-03-01.
This European Standard supersedes EN 55016-2-1:2004 + A1:2005.
CISPR 16-4-1. Guidelines are given on:
– resonance-free connection of the AMN to reference ground,
– avoidance of ground loops, and
– avoidance of ambiguities of the test setup of EUT and AMN with respect to the reference ground
plane.
In addition, terms are clarified, a new type of ancillary equipment (CVP) is applied, and a clarification for
the use of the AAN and AMN on the same EUT is provided.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-12-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2012-03-01
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard CISPR 16-2-1:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________
- 3 - EN 55016-2-1:2009
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60364-4 Series Low-voltage electrical installations - HD 60364-4/ Series
(mod) Part 4: Protection for safety HD 384-4

1) 2)
CISPR 14-1 - Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements EN 55014-1 2006
for household appliances, electric tools and
similar apparatus -
Part 1: Emission
1) 2)
CISPR 16-1-1 - Specification for radio disturbance and EN 55016-1-1 2007
immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus

1) 2)
CISPR 16-1-2 - Specification for radio disturbance and EN 55016-1-2 2004
immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus - Ancillary equipment -
Conducted disturbances
CISPR/TR 16-3 2003 Specification for radio disturbance and - -
A1 2005 immunity measuring apparatus and methods -
A2 2006 Part 3: CISPR technical reports

1)
Undated reference.
2)
Valid edition at date of issue.

CISPR 16-2-1
Edition 2.0 2008-10
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
pecification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 2-1: Méthodes de mesure des perturbations et de l'immunité – Mesures
des perturbations conduites
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
CODE PRIX
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 2-8318-1002-1
– 2 – CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.6
1 Scope.8
2 Normative references.8
3 Definitions .8
4 Types of disturbance to be measured.12
4.1 General .12
4.2 Types of disturbance .12
4.3 Detector functions .12
5 Connection of measuring equipment .13
5.1 General .13
5.2 Connection of ancillary equipment.13
5.3 Connections to RF reference ground.13
5.4 Connection between the EUT and the artificial mains network .14
6 General measurement requirements and conditions .15
6.1 General .15
6.2 Disturbance not produced by the equipment under test .15
6.2.1 General .15
6.2.2 Compliance testing .15
6.3 Measurement of continuous disturbance .15
6.3.1 Narrowband continuous disturbance.15
6.3.2 Broadband continuous disturbance.15
6.3.3 Use of spectrum analyzers and scanning receivers.16
6.4 Operating conditions of the EUT .16
6.4.1 General .16
6.4.2 Normal load conditions.16
6.4.3 Duration of operation .16
6.4.4 Running-in/Warm-up time .16
6.4.5 Supply .16
6.4.6 Mode of operation.16
6.5 Interpretation of measuring results.16
6.5.1 Continuous disturbance .16
6.5.2 Discontinuous disturbance .17
6.5.3 Measurement of the duration of disturbances .17
6.6 Measurement times and scan rates for continuous disturbance .17
6.6.1 General .17
6.6.2 Minimum measurement times .17
6.6.3 Scan rates for scanning receivers and spectrum analyzers .18
6.6.4 Scan times for stepping receivers .19
6.6.5 Strategies for obtaining a spectrum overview using the peak detector.20
7 Measurement of disturbances conducted along leads, 9 kHz to 30 MHz.23
7.1 Introduction .23
7.2 Measuring equipment (receivers, etc.) .23
7.2.1 General .23
7.2.2 Use of detectors for conducted disturbance measurements .23
7.3 Ancillary measuring equipment .24
7.3.1 General .24

CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
7.3.2 Artificial networks (AN).24
7.3.3 Voltage probes.25
7.3.4 Current probes.25
7.4 Equipment under test configuration .25
7.4.1 Arrangement of the EUT and its connection to the AN .25
7.4.2 Procedure for the measurement of unsymmetric disturbance voltages
with V-networks (AMNs).31
7.4.3 Measurement of common mode voltages at differential mode signal
terminals.38
7.4.4 Measurements using voltage probes .39
7.4.5 Measurement using a capacitive voltage probe (CVP) .41
7.4.6 Measurements using current probes.41
7.5 System test configuration for conducted emissions measurements.42
7.5.1 General approach to system measurements.42
7.5.2 System configuration.42
7.5.3 Measurements of interconnecting lines.45
7.5.4 Decoupling of system components .45
7.6 In situ measurements .45
7.6.1 General .45
7.6.2 Reference ground .46
7.6.3 Measurement with voltage probes .46
7.6.4 Selection of measuring points .46
8 Automated measurement of emissions.47
8.1 Introduction: Precautions for automating measurements.47
8.2 Generic measurement procedure .47
8.3 Prescan measurements .48
8.4 Data reduction .49
8.5 Emission maximization and final measurement .49
8.6 Post processing and reporting.49
Annex A (informative) Guidelines to connection of electrical equipment to the artificial
mains network (see Clause 5) .50
Annex B (informative) Use of spectrum analyzers and scanning receivers (see Clause 6) .57
Annex C (informative) Decision tree for use of detectors for conducted measurements
(see 7.2.2) .60
Annex D (informative) Scan rates and measurement times for use with the average
detector .62
Annex E (informative) Guidelines for the improvement of the test setup with ANs.66
Bibliography .72

Figure 1 – Example of a recommended test setup with PE chokes with three AMNs and
a sheath current absorber on the RF cable .14
Figure 2 – Measurement of a combination of a CW signal (“NB”) and an impulsive
signal (“BB”) using multiple sweeps with maximum hold.20
Figure 3 – Example of a timing analysis.21
Figure 4 – A broadband spectrum measured with a stepped receiver .22
Figure 5 – Intermittent narrowband disturbances measured using fast short repetitive
sweeps with maximum hold function to obtain an overview of the emission spectrum .22
Figure 6 – Test configuration: table-top equipment for conducted disturbance
measurements on power mains .26

– 4 – CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008
Figure 7 – Arrangement of EUT and AMN at 40 cm distance with a) vertical RGP and b)
horizontal RGP.27
Figure 8 – Optional example test configuration for an EUT with only a power cord
attached.28
Figure 9 – Test configuration: floor-standing equipment (see 7.4.1 and 7.5.2.2) .29
Figure 10 – Example Test configuration: floor-standing and table-top equipment (see
7.4.1 and 7.5.2.2).30
Figure 11 – Schematic of disturbance voltage measurement configuration (see also
7.5.2.2) .32
Figure 12a – Schematic for measurement and power circuit .33
Figure 12b – Equivalent voltage source and measurement circuit .33
Figure 12 – Equivalent circuit for measurement of common mode disturbance voltage
for class I (grounded) EUT .33
Figure 13a – Schematic for power and measurement circuit .34
Figure 13b – Equivalent RFI source and measurement circuit .34
Figure 13 – Equivalent circuit for measurement of common mode disturbance voltage
for class II (ungrounded) EUT .34
Figure 14 – RC element for artificial hand.36
Figure 15 – Portable electric drill with artificial hand.36
Figure 16 – Portable electric saw with artificial hand .36
Figure 17 – Measuring example for voltage probes .40
Figure 18 – Measurement arrangement for two-terminal regulating controls .40
Figure A.1 .50
Figure A.2 .51
Figure A.3 .51
Figure A.4 .51
Figure A.5 .52
Figure A.6 .52
Figure A.7 .53
Figure A.8 – AMN configurations .55
Figure C.1 – Decision tree for optimizing speed of conducted disturbance
measurements with peak, quasi-peak and average detectors.60
Figure D.1 – Weighting function of a 10 ms pulse for peak (“PK”) and average
detections with (“CISPR AV”) and without (“AV”) peak reading; meter time constant
160 ms.64
Figure D.2 – Weighting functions of a 10 ms pulse for peak (“PK”) and average
detections with (“CISPR AV”) and without (“AV”) peak reading; meter time constant
100 ms.64
Figure D.3 – Example of weighting functions (of a 1 Hz pulse) for peak (“PK”) and
average detections as a function of pulse width: meter time constant 160 ms.
Figure D.4 – Example of weighting functions (of a 1 Hz pulse) for peak (“PK”) and
average detections as a function of pulse width: meter time constant 100 ms.65
Figure E.1 – Parallel resonance of enclosure capacitance and ground strap inductance .66
Figure E.2 – Connection of an AMN to RGP using a wide grounding sheet for low
inductance grounding .67
Figure E.3 – Impedance measured with the arrangement of Figure E.2 both with
reference to the front panel ground and to the grounding sheet.67

CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008 – 5 –
Figure E.4 – VDF in the configuration of Figure E.2 measured with reference to the
front panel ground and to the grounding sheet. (The AMN used has a flat frequency
response of the VDF, which may be different for other AMNs).67
Figure E.5 – Arrangement showing the measurement grounding sheet (shown with
dotted lines) when measuring the impedance with reference to RGP. The impedance
measurement cable ground is connected to the measurement grounding sheet,
whereas the inner conductor is connected to the EUT port pin. .68
Figure E.6 – Impedance measured with the arrangement of Figure E.5 with reference to
the RGP.68
Figure E.7 – VDF measured with parallel resonances in the AMN grounding .69
Figure E.8 – Attenuation of a sheath current absorber measured in a 150-Ω test
arrangement .70
Figure E.9 – Arrangement for the measurement of attenuation due to PE chokes and
sheath current absorbers.70

Table 1 – Minimum scan times for the three CISPR bands with peak and quasi-peak
detectors.
Table A.1 .56
Table A.2 .56
Table D.1 – Pulse suppression factors and scan rates for a 100 Hz video bandwidth.63
Table D.2 – Meter time constants and the corresponding video bandwidths and
maximum scan rates .64

– 6 – CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
____________
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity –
Conducted disturbance measurements

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard CISPR 16-2-1 has been prepared by CISPR subcommittee A: Radio
interference measurements and statistical methods.
This second edition of CISPR 16-2-1 cancels and replaces the first edition (2003) and its
Amendment 1 (2005) and constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition. In
general, this new edition aims at reducing compliance uncertainty in correspondence with
findings in CISPR 16-4-1. Guidelines are given on
– resonance-free connection of the AMN to reference ground,
– avoidance of ground loops, and

CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008 – 7 –
– avoidance of ambiguities of the test setup of EUT and AMN with respect to the reference
ground plane.
In addition, terms are clarified, a new type of ancillary equipment (CVP) is applied, and a
clarification for the use of the AAN and AMN on the same EUT is provided.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on Voting
CISPR/A/798/FDIS CISPR/A/809/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of CISPR 16 series under the general title Specification for radio disturbance
and immunity measuring apparatus and methods, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the
data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition; or
• amended.
– 8 – CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008
SPECIFICATION FOR RADIO DISTURBANCE AND IMMUNITY
MEASURING APPARATUS AND METHODS –

Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity –
Conducted disturbance measurements

1 Scope
This part of CISPR 16 is designated a basic standard, which specifies the methods of
measurement of disturbance phenomena in general in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz
and especially of conducted disturbance phenomena in the frequency range 9 kHz to 30 MHz.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60364-4 (all parts), Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety
CISPR 14-1, Electromagnetic compatibility – Requirements for household appliances, electric
tools and similar apparatus – Part 1: Emission
CISPR 16-1-1, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
CISPR 16-1-2, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 1-2: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Ancillary
equipment – Conducted disturbances
CISPR/TR 16-3:2003, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 3: CISPR technical reports
Amendment 1:2005
Amendment 2:2006
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of CISPR 16, the definitions of IEC 60050-161 apply, as well as
the following.
3.1
ancillary equipment
transducers (e.g., current and voltage probes and artificial networks) connected to a
measuring receiver or (test) signal generator and used in the disturbance signal transfer
between the EUT and the measuring or test equipment
3.2
associated equipment
AE
apparatus, which is not part of the system under test, but needed to help exercise the EUT

CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008 – 9 –
3.3
auxiliary equipment
AuxEq
peripheral equipment which is part of the system under test
3.4
EUT
equipment (devices, appliances and systems) subjected to EMC (emission) compliance tests
3.5
product publication
publication specifying EMC requirements for a product or product family, taking into account
specific aspects of such a product or product family
3.6
emission limit (from a disturbing source)
specified maximum emission level of a source of electromagnetic disturbance
[IEV 161-03-12]
3.7
ground reference
connection that constitutes a defined parasitic capacitance to the surrounding of an EUT and
serves as reference potential
NOTE See also IEV 161-04-36 (modified).
3.8
(electromagnetic) emission
phenomenon by which electromagnetic energy emanates from a source
[IEV 161-01-08]
3.9
coaxial cable
cable containing one or more coaxial lines, typically used for a matched connection of
associated equipment to the measuring equipment or (test-)signal generator providing a
specified characteristic impedance and a specified maximum allowable cable transfer
impedance
3.10
common mode (asymmetrical) voltage
RF voltage between the artificial midpoint of a two-conductor line and reference ground, or in
case of a bundle of lines, the effective RF disturbance voltage of the whole bundle (vector sum
of the unsymmetrical voltages) against the reference ground measured with a clamp (current
transformer) at a defined terminating impedance
NOTE See also IEV 161-04-09.
3.11
common mode current
vector sum of the currents flowing through two or more conductors at a specified cross-section
of a "mathematical" plane intersected by these conductors
3.12
differential mode (symmetrical) voltage
RF disturbance voltage between the wires of a two conductor line
[IEV 161-04-08, modified]
– 10 – CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008
3.13
differential mode current
half the vector difference of the currents flowing in any two of a specified set of active
conductors at a specified cross-section of a "mathematical" plane intersected by these
conductors
3.14
unsymmetrical mode (V-terminal) voltage
voltage between a conductor or terminal of a device, equipment or system and a specified
ground reference. For the case of a two-port network, the two unsymmetrical voltages are
given by:
a) the vector sum of the asymmetrical voltage and half of the symmetrical voltage; and
b) the vector difference between the asymmetrical voltage and half of the symmetrical
voltage.
NOTE See also IEV 161-04-13.
3.15
measuring receiver
receiver for the measurement of disturbances with different detectors
NOTE The receiver is specified according to CISPR 16-1-1.
3.16
test configuration
combination that gives the specified measurement arrangement of the EUT in which an
emission level is measured
NOTE The emission and immunity levels are measured as required by IEV 161-03-11, IEV 161-03-12, IEV 161-
03-14 and IEV 161-03-15, definitions of emission level.
3.17
artificial network
AN
agreed reference load (simulation) impedance presented to the EUT by actual networks (e.g.,
extended power or communication lines) across which the RF disturbance voltage is measured
3.18
artificial mains network
AMN
network inserted in the supply mains lead of apparatus to be tested which provides, in a given
frequency range, a specified load impedance for the measurement of disturbance voltages and
which may isolate the apparatus from the supply mains in that frequency range
[IEV 161-04-05]
NOTE There are two basic types of AMN, the V-network (V-AMN) which couples the unsymmetrical voltages, and
the delta-network which couples the symmetric and the asymmetric voltages separately. The terms line impedance
stabilization network (LISN) and V-AMN are used interchangeably. In this standard, the acronym “AMN” is used for
“V-AMN”, as delta-AMNs are not used in product publications on emission measurements.
3.19
weighting (quasi-peak detection)
repetition-rate dependent conversion of the peak-detected pulse voltages to an indication
corresponding to the psychophysical annoyance of pulsive disturbances (acoustically or
visually) according to the weighting characteristics, or alternatively, specified manner in which
an emission level or an immunity level is evaluated
NOTE 1 The weighting characteristics are specified in CISPR 16-1-1.
NOTE 2 The emission level or immunity level is evaluated as required by IEC 60050-161 definitions of level (see
IEV 161-03-01, IEV 161-03-11 and IEV 161-03-14).

CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008 – 11 –
3.20
continuous disturbance
RF disturbance with a duration of more than 200 ms at the IF-output of a measuring receiver,
which causes a deflection on the meter of a measuring receiver in quasi-peak detection mode
which does not decrease immediately
[IEV 161-02-11, modified]
NOTE The measuring receiver is specified in CISPR 16-1-1.
3.21
discontinuous disturbance
for counted clicks, disturbance with a duration of less than 200 ms at the IF-output of a
measuring receiver, which causes a transient deflection on the meter of a measuring receiver
in quasi-peak detection mode
NOTE 1 For impulsive disturbance, see IEV 161-02-08.
NOTE 2 The measuring receiver is specified in CISPR 16-1-1.
3.22
measurement time
T
m
effective, coherent time for a measurement result at a single frequency (in some areas also
called dwell time)
– for the peak detector, the effective time to detect the maximum of the signal envelope,
– for the quasi-peak detector, the effective time to measure the maximum of the weighted
envelope
– for the average detector, the effective time to average the signal envelope
– for the r.m.s. detector, the effective time to determine the r.m.s. of the signal envelope
3.23
sweep
continuous frequency variation over a given frequency span
3.24
scan
continuous or stepped frequency variation over a given frequency span
3.25
sweep or scan time
T
s
time between start and stop frequencies of a sweep or scan
3.26
span
Δf
difference between stop and start frequencies of a sweep or scan
3.27
sweep or scan rate
frequency span divided by the sweep or scan time
3.28
number of sweeps per time unit (e.g. per second)
n
s
1/(sweep time + retrace time)
– 12 – CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008
3.29
observation time
T
o
sum of measurement times T on a certain frequency in case of multiple sweeps. If n is the
m
number of sweeps or scans, then T = n × T
o m
3.30
total observation time
T
tot
effective time for an overview of the spectrum (either single or multiple sweeps). If c is the
number of channels within a scan or sweep, then T = c × n × T
tot m
4 Types of disturbance to be measured
4.1 General
This clause describes the classification of different types of disturbance and the detectors
appropriate for their measurement.
4.2 Types of disturbance
For physical and psychophysical reasons, dependent on the spectral distribution, measuring
receiver bandwidth, the duration, rate of occurrence, and degree of annoyance during the
assessment and measurement of radio disturbance, distinction is made between the following
types of disturbance:
a) narrowband continuous disturbance, i.e. disturbance on discrete frequencies as, for
example, the fundamentals and harmonics generated with the intentional application of RF
energy with ISM equipment, constituting a frequency spectrum consisting only of individual
spectral lines whose separation is greater than the bandwidth of the measuring receiver so
that during the measurement only one line falls into the bandwidth in contrast to b);
b) broadband continuous disturbance, which normally is unintentionally produced by the
repeated impulses of, for example, commutator motors, and which have a repetition
frequency which is lower than the bandwidth of the measuring receiver so that during the
measurement more than one spectral line falls into the bandwidth; and
c) broadband discontinuous disturbance is also generated unintentionally by mechanical or
electronic switching procedures, for example by thermostats or programme controls with a
repetition rate lower than 1 Hz (click-rate less than 30/min).
The frequency spectra of b) and c) are characterized by having a continuous spectrum in the
case of individual (single) impulses and a discontinuous spectrum in case of repeated
impulses, both spectra being characterized by having a frequency range which is wider than
the bandwidth of the measuring receiver specified in CISPR 16-1-1.
4.3 Detector functions
Depending on the types of disturbance, measurements may be carried out using a measuring
receiver with:
a) an average detector generally used in the measurement of narrowband disturbance and
signals, and particularly to discriminate between narrowband and broadband disturbance;
b) a quasi-peak detector provided for the weighted measurement of broadband disturbance for
the assessment of audio annoyance to a radio listener, but also usable for narrowband
disturbance;
c) a peak detector which may be used for either broadband or narrowband disturbance
measurement.
CISPR 16-2-1 © IEC:2008 – 13 –
Measuring receivers incorporating these detectors are specified in CISPR 16-1-1.
5 Connection of measuring equipment
5.1 General
This clause describes the connection of measuring equipment, measuring receivers and
ancillary equipment such as artificial networks (AN) and voltage and current probes.
5.2 Connection of ancillary equipment
The connecting cable between the measuring receiver and the ancillary equipment shall be
shielded and its characteristic impedance shall be matched to the input impedance of the
measuring receiver. The measurement result shall account for the attenuation of the
connecting cable.
The output of the ancillary equipment shall be terminated with the prescribed impedance. A
minimum attenuation of 10 dB between AN output and measuring receiver input is required in
order to fulfill the specified tolerance of the AN impedance at its EUT port. This attenuation
may be incorporated in the AN. The use of a transient limiter is recommended for the
protection of the receiver input circuits. It shall be designed to provide signals of maximum
re
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