EN 50547:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2013
äHOH]QLãNHQDSUDYH%DWHULMH]DSRPRåQHPRþQRVWQHQDSDMDOQHVLVWHPH
Railway applications - Batteries for auxiliary power supply systems
Bahnanwendungen - Batterien für Bordnetzversorgungssysteme
Applications ferroviaires - batteries pour systèmes d’alimentation auxiliaire
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50547:2013
ICS:
29.220.01 *DOYDQVNLþOHQLLQEDWHULMHQD Galvanic cells and batteries
VSORãQR in general
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 50547
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.220.01; 45.060.01
English version
Railway applications -
Batteries for auxiliary power supply systems

Applications ferroviaires -  Bahnanwendungen -
Batteries pour systèmes d’alimentation Batterien für
auxiliaire Bordnetzversorgungssysteme

This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-03-04. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50547:2013 E
Contents
Foreword…………………………………………………………………………………………………………6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms and definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviations . 10
4 General requirements . 11
4.1 Definitions of the components of a battery . 11
4.2 Definitions of battery type . 12
4.2.1 lead acid batteries . 12
4.2.2 lead acid batteries with vented technology (liquid electrolyte) . 12
4.2.3 lead acid batteries with valve-regulated-lead technology (non-liquid respectively
absorbed-liquid electrolyte) . 12
4.2.4 NiCd batteries (all with liquid electrolyte) . 12
4.2.5 NiCd batteries with fibre structure technology . 12
4.2.6 NiCd batteries with sintered / PBE technology . 12
4.3 Environmental conditions . 12
4.4 Voltage / capacity . 13
4.5 System requirements . 14
4.5.1 Charging requirements . 14
4.5.2 Discharging requirements . 15
4.5.2.1 Load profile . 16
4.5.2.2 Long-time discharge . 18
4.5.2.3 Low temperature performance (if applicable) . 18
4.5.3 Charge retention (self discharge) . 18
4.5.4 Requirements for battery capacity design . 19
4.6 Shock and vibration. 19
4.7 Safety and protection requirements . 19
4.7.1 Deep discharge of lead acid batteries . 20
4.7.2 Necessary conditions after deep discharge of lead acid batteries . 20
4.7.3 Deep discharge of NiCd batteries . 20
4.7.4 Necessary reconditioning after deep discharge of NiCd batteries . 20
4.7.5 Temperature compensation . 20

- 3 - EN 50547:2013
4.7.6 Protection against superimposed ripple current . 21
4.8 Fire protection . 21
4.9 Maintenance . 21
5 Lead acid batteries . 21
5.1 General . 21
5.2 Sizes of vented batteries . 22
5.3 Sizes of GEL batteries . 23
5.4 Sizes of AGM batteries . 24
5.5 Charging characteristic . 24
6 NiCd batteries . 26
6.1 General . 26
6.2 Preferred tray dimensions and mounting interface . 26
6.3 Preconditions for the design of the battery tray . 26
6.4 Charging characteristic . 28
7 Proposal for mechanical design of Lead Acid and NiCd Batteries . 30
7.1 General . 30
7.2 Fixing mechanism . 30
7.2.1 Fixed solution . 31
7.2.2 Roll solution . 32
7.2.3 Slide solution . 34
7.3 Accessibility . 34
7.4 Location of battery. 34
7.5 Ventilation of battery box . 35
8 Electric interface . 35
8.1 General . 35
8.2 Electrical connections . 36
9 Marking . 36
9.1 Safety signs . 36
9.1.1 Outside the box . 36
9.1.2 Tray, crate or other places inside the box. 36
9.1.3 Cells or monoblocs . 38
9.2 Nameplate . 38
9.2.1 Box . 38
9.2.2 Tray, crate or other nameplates inside the box . 38
9.2.3 Cells or monoblocs . 38

10 Storage and transportation conditions . 38
10.1 Transportation . 38
10.2 Storage of batteries . 38
11 Testing . 39
11.1 General . 39
11.2 Routine test . 39
11.3 Shock and vibration. 40
Annex A (informative) Load profile verification . 41
A.1 General . 41
A.2 General methodology . 41
A.3 Sizing description (calculation, simulation or preliminary tests) . 41
A.4 Sizing documentation . 42
A.5 Operational verification (load profile test) . 42
A.6 Test report . 43
Annex B (informative) Example of functions during load profile . 44
Annex C (informative) NiCd-battery sizing for specific load profiles . 45
Bibliography . 47
Figures
Figure 1 - Definition of cell, monobloc battery, crate, tray and box . 11
Figure 2 - Typical NiCd H-Type discharging curves at various constant discharging currents (example based
on percentage of capacity) . 13
Figure 3 - VRLA Typical discharge with various currents (multiples of I5) at +20 °C (example based on
discharge time)) . 14
Figure 4 - Interfaces between battery and battery charger system . 15
Figure 5 - Example of load profile in emergency operation (standstill of the train) . 16
Figure 6 - Example of load profile in driving operation (driving without battery charging) . 17
Figure 7 - Example of load profile for high speed train (without starting up segment) . 17
Figure 8 - Example of load profile for regional train / EMU (without starting up segment) . 18
Figure 9 - Typical charging curves for lead acid batteries on rail vehicles over temperature . 25
Figure 10 - Typical mounting interface dimensions including fixing interfaces . 27
Figure 11 - Typical charging characteristic of NiCd-batteries. 30
Figure 12 - Example of fixed solution without tray . 31
Figure 13 - Example of fixed solution with tray . 31

- 5 - EN 50547:2013
Figure 14 - Example of roll solution with folding beams . 32
Figure 15 - Example of roll solution with roller bearings . 33
Figure 16 - Example of slide solution . 34
Figure 17 - Schematic of a battery system (not all part necessary at all battery systems) . 35
Figure 18 – Safety signs outside the battery box . 36
Figure 19 – Safety signs inside the battery box . 37
Figure C.1 - Envelope of the battery box and battery tray . 46
Tables
Table 1 - Requirements of the charging characteristic . 14
Table 2 – Necessary information for the definition of a discharging characteristic . 19
Table 3 - Maintenance steps for different battery types . 21
Table 4 - Specification of battery sizes of vented single cells / monobloc batteries . 22
Table 5 - Specification of battery sizes of GEL single cells / monobloc batteries . 23
Table 6 - Specification of battery sizes of AGM single cells / monobloc batteries . 24
Table 7 - Typical charging voltages for lead acid batteries on rail vehicles . 25
Table 8 - Specification of battery inner tray length (“A” reference in Figure 10) . 28
Table 9 - NiCd batteries charging characteristics . 29
Table 10 - List of tests . 39
Table B.1 – Examples of functions during different steps of load profile . 44
Table C.1 - Specification of battery tray sizes NiCd-batteries based on given load profiles) . 45

Foreword
This document (EN 50547:2013) has been prepared by Working Group 20 of SC 9XB, Electromechanical
material on board of rolling stock, of Technical Committee CENELEC TC 9X, Electrical and electronic
applications for railways.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which this document has to be
(dop) 2014-03-04
implemented at national level by publication of
an identical national standard or by
endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards
(dow) 2016-03-04
conflicting with this document have to
be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
EN 50547 shall be read in conjunction with CLC/TS 50534:2010 “Railway applications - Generic system
architectures for onboard electric auxiliary power systems”.
This standardization project was derived from the EU-funded Research project MODTRAIN (MODPOWER).
It is part of a series of standards, referring to each other. The hierarchy of the standards is intended to be as
follows:
Overview on the technical framework
CLC/TS 50534 defines the basis for other depending standards
CLC/TS 50534
Generic system architectures for onboard
electric auxiliary power systems
-> Level 1: Architectures
CLC / TS 50546
CLC/ TS 50535 EN 50533
3-phase shore (external) supply
Onboard auxiliary power Three- phase train line
systems for rail vehicles
converter systems voltage characteristics
-> Level 2: Systems, Interfaces
CLC/ TS 50537-1
EN 50547 CLC/ TS 50537-2
HV bushing for traction Pump for insulation liquid for
Batteries for auxiliary
traction transformers and reactors
transformers
power supply systems
CLC/ TS 50537-4
CLC/ TS 50537-3
Gas and liquid actuated (Buchholz)
Water Pump for traction
relay for liquid immersed transformers
converters
and reactors with conservator for rail
vehicles
-> Level 3: Components
- 7 - EN 50547:2013
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies rechargeable lead acid and NiCd-batteries for 110 V voltage auxiliary
power supply system for railway vehicles.
This European Standard may be applied to other rolling stock types (e.g. light rail vehicles, tramways,
metros…) if these are not in the scope of another specific standard.
Others technologies like NiMh or Lithium are not covered by this standard at present.
This European Standard focuses on:
- the description of mechanical interfaces: dimensions of the cells or monobloc batteries, main terminals
and preferred sizes of the mounting space of the battery systems for lead acid batteries,
- the description of mechanical interfaces: dimensions of the trays and main terminals for NiCd batteries
(as they have different characteristics depending on the technology),
- description of electrical interfaces: capacity, voltage and charging characteristic.
This European Standard restricts the variety of different types provided by EN 60254 and EN 60896 for lead
acid batteries and defines the use of cells compliant to EN 60623 and EN 62259 for NiCd-Batteries.
The main objective of this standard is to achieve interchangeability of the battery cells and monobloc for lead
acid batteries and the interchangeability of the battery trays for NiCd batteries.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50125-1:1999 Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment -
Part 1: Equipment on board rolling stock
EN 50155:2007 Railway applications - Electronic equipment used on rolling stock
EN 50272-2:2001 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations
Part 2: Stationary batteries
EN 50272-3:2002 Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations
Part 3: Traction batteries
EN 50467:2011 Railway applications - Rolling stock - Electrical connectors, requirements and test
methods
EN 60077-1:2002 Railway applications - Electric equipment for rolling stock - Part 1: General service
conditions and general rules (IEC 60077-1:1999, mod.)
EN 60254-1:2005 Lead-acid traction batteries - Part 1: General requirements and methods of test
(IEC 60254-1:2005)
EN 60254-2:2008 Lead-acid traction batteries - Part 2: Dimensions of cells and terminals and marking of
polarity on cells (IEC 60254-1:2005)
EN 60623:2001 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Vented nickel-cadmium prismatic rechargeable single cells (IEC 60623:2001)

EN 60896-11:2003 Stationary lead-acid batteries - Part 11: Vented types; General requirements and
methods of test (IEC 60896-11:2002)
EN 60896-21:2004 Stationary lead-acid batteries - Part 21: Valve regulated types - Methods of test
(IEC 60896-21:2004)
EN 61373:2010 Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Shock and vibration test
(IEC 61373:2010)
EN 62259:2004 Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -
Nickel cadmium prismatic secondary single cells with partial gas recombination
(IEC 62259:2003)
CEN/CLC TS 45545 series Railway applications - Fire protection on railway vehicles
EN ISO 7010:2012 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Safety signs used in workplaces
and public areas (ISO 7010:2011)
IEC 60410:1973 Sampling plans and procedures for inspection by attributes

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.

NOTE All typical battery related descriptions are defined in IEC 60050-482.
3.1.1
battery crate
container with frame walls for holding several cells or batteries
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-10]
Note 1 to entry: See Clause 7.
3.1.2
battery tray
container with a base and walls for holding several cells or batteries
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-35]
Note 1 to entry: See Clause 7.
3.1.3
cell
basic functional unit, consisting of an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals and usually
separators, that is a source of electric energy obtained by direct conversion of chemical energy
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-01-01]
3.1.4
lead acid battery
secondary battery with an aqueous electrolyte based on dilute sulphuric acid, a positive electrode of lead
dioxide and a negative electrode of lead
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-01]

- 9 - EN 50547:2013
3.1.5
monobloc battery
battery with multiple separate but electrically connected cell compartments each of which is designed to
house an assembly of electrodes, electrolyte, terminals or interconnections and possible separators
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-02-17]
Note 1 to entry: The cells in a monobloc battery can be connected in series or in parallel.
Note 2 to entry: See Clause 7.
3.1.6
nickel cadmium battery
secondary battery with an alkaline electrolyte, a positive electrode containing nickel oxide and a negative
electrode of cadmium
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-02]
3.1.7
rated capacity of the battery
C : capacity value of a battery determined under specified conditions and declared by the manufacturer
rt
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-03-15]
3.1.8
valve regulated lead acid battery
secondary battery in which cells are closed but have a valve which allows the escape of gas if the internal
pressure exceeds a predetermined value
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-15]
Note 1 to entry: The cell or battery cannot normally receive additions to the electrolyte.
3.1.9
vented cell
secondary cell having a cover provided with an opening through which products of electrolysis and
evaporation are allowed to escape freely from the cell to the atmosphere
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-482:2004, 482-05-14]

3.2 Abbreviations
For the purpose of this document, the following abbreviations apply:
AC Alternating Current
AGM Absorbent Glass Mat
C Capacity at the 5-hour rate
CCTV Closed-Circuit Televison
DC Direct Current
DoD Depth of Discharge
EMU Electrical Multiple Unit
FEM Finite Elements Method
GEL Gel filled battery
H Height
HVAC Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning
HST High Speed Train
L Length
LRU Line replaceable Unit
LVPS Low Voltage Power Supply
NiCd Nickel Cadmium
NiMH Nickel-Metal Hydrid
NTC Negative Temperature Coefficient
PBE Plastic Bonded Electrode
PT 100 Temperature Sensor, Typ PT 100
SOC State of Charge
VRLA Valve Regulated Lead Acid
W Width
- 11 - EN 50547:2013
4 General requirements
4.1 Definitions of the components of a battery

Figure 1 - Definition of cell, monobloc battery, crate, tray and box

4.2 Definitions of battery type
4.2.1 lead acid batteries
in general, called type A
4.2.2 lead acid batteries with vented technology (liquid electrolyte)
called A.1 with the sub types
− A.11 - grid plates (vented),
− A.12 - tubular positive plates (vented)

4.2.3 lead acid batteries with valve-regulated-lead technology (non-liquid respectively absorbed-
liquid electrolyte)
called A.2 with the subtypes
− A.21 GEL grid plates (valve-regulated),
− A.22 GEL tubular positive plates (valve-regulated),
− A.23 - AGM grid plate (valve-regulated)

4.2.4 NiCd batteries (all with liquid electrolyte)
in general, called type B
4.2.5 NiCd batteries with fibre structure technology
called B.1 with the sub types
− B.11 - type M according to EN 60623,
− B.12 - type H according to EN 60623

4.2.6 NiCd batteries with sintered / PBE technology
called B.2 with the sub types
− B.21 - type M according to EN 60623,
− B.22 - type H according to EN 60623
NOTE NiCd pocket plate batteries can also be used under special agreement between customer and supplier.

4.3 Environmental conditions
The battery has to ensure an appropriate function at the given requirements, but with respect to life time and
rechargeability the battery should not be operated above 50 °C:
• temperature class:
- ambient temperature: T3 according to EN 50125-1.
Deviations can be agreed between customer and
supplier.
- transport and storage: - 30 °C to 70 °C
• humidity: according to EN 50125-1
NOTE Battery cells and monoblocs are protected against rain, pollution, snow and hail. The battery cells / monoblocs and the battery
box are protected against direct solar radiation and other heat sources.

- 13 - EN 50547:2013
4.4 Voltage / capacity
The preferred system voltage of the low voltage supply network has to be 110 V according to EN 50155.

The following figure shows the discharging voltage of a NiCd cell (H-Type) at different constant discharging
currents (shown in multiples of C ).
rt
Figure 2 - Typical NiCd H-Type discharging curves at various constant discharging currents
(example based on percentage of capacity)

Lead acid batteries have the same behavior, therefore the capacity of all battery types has to be specified at
the 5-hour rate (C according to temperature behavior in EN 60254-1 for lead acid-batteries and in EN 60623
for NiCd-Batteries).
Figure 3 - VRLA Typical discharge with various currents (multiples of I5) at +20 °C
(example based on discharge time)
4.5 System requirements
4.5.1 Charging requirements
The required battery charging voltage and the optimum charging method are specified according to Table 1.
Table 1 - Requirements of the charging characteristic
Normal condition Float charge by battery charger with temperature
compensation
Charging method See 5.5 and 6.4
Steady state control accuracy of the In case of temperature compensation ± 1,5 %
battery charger voltage (of the ideal
Without temperature compensation ± 1 %
value at the point of voltage
measurement)
NOTE The accuracy refers to the voltage demand
according to the ideal charging characteristic.
Charging voltage ripple 5 % (according to EN 60077-1 with disconnected battery)
Charging current ripple See 4.7.6
Temperature compensation See below
Detection of temperature signal from Inside battery charger
sensor
- 15 - EN 50547:2013
(2b)
Battery current
transformer
Data acquisition (2a)
and to
(5) (4)
Voltage control (1) Battery
Temperature
Voltage
charger
sensor (3)
sensor (1)
modul
Battery
Battery charger
Figure 4 - Interfaces between battery and battery charger system
The interface system between battery charging system and battery consists of
1) battery voltage sensing and regulation: maximum + 1 % (see (1) at Figure 4),
2) temperature data acquisition, (2a) at Figure 4, including wiring (2b) to the sensor: typically better than
+2,5 K (equivalent to + 0,5 % of ideal charging voltage),
3) temperature sensor: max. tolerance ± 2 K for the specified temperature range, preferably attached to
the battery, minimum one sensor per battery (see (3) in Figure 4)
the choice of the temperature sensor shall be agreed between the system integrator and the suppliers
of the battery and battery charger, in case of use of PT 100 4-cable wiring or active sensoring is
necessary ; other typical sensors : 2-wire PT 1000 or NTC (10 kΩ, 25 °C),
4) position of the temperature sensor within the battery compartment (see (4) at Figure 4),
5) the cabling between battery and battery charger: part of system integration at the train
(see (5) at Figure 4).
This accuracy of the charging system is to be checked:

− for a defined temperature range of less than 80 K,
− at the battery charger interface.
The system integrator will check if and how the effect of the cabling needs to be compensated for.
The impact of the cabling depends on the type of temperature sensor, data acquisition system and/or
location of the voltage sensor. If there is significant influence, it is possible to compensate these influences in
the battery charger control system upon agreement between the system integrator and the manufacturer of
the battery charger.
With the recommended temperature sensors the influence of the voltage drop on the cabling can be
neglected.
4.5.2 Discharging requirements
There are different discharging requirements:
− load profile (emergency or driving operation);
− long-time discharge;
− low temperature discharging requirements;
− self discharge;
The requirements are described in the following subclauses.
4.5.2.1 Load profile
Two different types of load profiles are possible:
− emergency operation (see Figure 5);
− driving operation (see Figure 6).
Figure 7 and Figure 8 show typical load profiles for emergency operation for High Speed Trains and
Regional Trains.
4.5.2.1.1 General load profiles
Loads
All
Loads
(1)
Important
loads
(2)
Emergency
loads
(3)
Longtime discharging
(4)
Time
Figure 5 - Example of load profile in emergency operation (standstill of the train)
Start up (5)
- 17 - EN 50547:2013
Loads
All
Loads
Important loads
(1)
(2)
Time
Figure 6 - Example of load profile in driving operation (driving without battery charging)
4.5.2.1.2 Typical load profiles - High speed train
Typical Load Profile / Example of Load Profile
for High Speed Train
loads are given for complete train
5 min / 35 kW
25 min / 20 kW
90 min / 15 kW
60 min / 8 kW
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Time / min
Figure 7 - Example of load profile for high speed train (without starting up segment)

Power Requirement / W
4.5.2.1.3 Regional train / EMU
Typical Load Profile / Example of Load Profile
for Regional Train / EMU
loads are given for complete train
5 min / 10 kW
115 min / 5 kW
60 min / 3 kW
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Time / min
Figure 8 - Example of load profile for regional train / EMU (without starting up segment)
4.5.2.2 Long-time discharge
Long-time discharge is for example a discharging time longer than four days with a defined consumption.
Such discharge cannot entirely be excluded.
NiCd-Batteries shall be able to withstand deep discharge without permanent damage (see also 4.7.3). For
lead-acid batteries see 4.7.1 and 4.7.2.
4.5.2.3 Low temperature performance (if applicable)
The admissible battery temperature is -18 °C or as agreed with the customer. At this temperature, the
charged battery shall still be able to supply a “deep temperature load profile” of the 110 V LVPS as specified
by the customer.
In addition, no permanent damage shall occur at this temperature.
4.5.3 Charge retention (self discharge)
The reversible loss of capacity shall be maximum 3 % of the rated capacity after 30 days of storing at 20 °C
for AGM and Gel lead acid types.
The reversible loss of capacity shall be maximum 5 % of the rated capacity after 30 days of storing at 20 °C
for vented lead acid types.
The reversible loss of capacity shall be maximum 20 % of the rated capacity after 28 days of storing at 20 °C
for NiCd-Batteries (IEC 60623). Typical values are less than 10 % reversible loss of the rated capacity after
28 days of storing at 20 °C.
For storage of batteries see 10.2.
Power requirement / W
- 19 - EN 50547:2013
4.5.4 Requirements for battery capacity design
Train manufacturer shall define the following parameters:
- SOC in emergency condition;
- ambient temperature in emergency condition;
- load profile (see 4.5.2.1) including energy throughput;
- minimum voltage at battery level for the whole load profile.
Battery manufacturer shall define:
- ageing factor,
- expected battery life under specified conditions.
Table 2 shows the most commonly used values.
Table 2 – Necessary information for the definition of a discharging characteristic
Type A.11/A.21/A.23 A.12/A.22 B
(grid plate AGM / (tubular
(NiCd)
GEL /vented) GEL&Vent
ed)
State of Charge (SOC) at 20 °C under float up to 100 % 90 %
charging conditions
Suggested design temperature for whole 0 °C 0 °C
emergency load profile (see Figure 5)
Load profile for low temperature - 18 °C, see 4.5.2.3 - 18 °C, see 4.5.2.3
performance (if applicable)
Ageing factor 90 % 90 %
Energy throughput (cycles x 60 % DoD) 300 to 700 1 200 2 000
Useful life expectancy at an average annual AGM: 4 years 6 to 8 15 years
operating temperature of approximately years
GEL: 5 to 6 years
15 °C under railway conditions

SOC and ageing factors shall be taken into account for battery sizing, depending on battery technology and
operating conditions. The selected values are typically between 70 % and 100 %. The manufacturer shall
state the expected SOC and ageing behaviour for a given specification and provide evidence of the expected
battery behaviour.
4.6 Shock and vibration
Vibration and shock: see EN 61373 and 11.3.
4.7 Safety and protection requirements
The battery tray shall be with electrolyte or acid retention for cells with liquid electrolyte. Not necessary for
VRLA batteries.
The vent plugs of the cells or the filling system shall be backfire-proof in order to avoid internal explosions.
The battery system shall have sufficient ventilation (no dangerous concentration of gases), calculation of
ventilation shall be done according to EN 50272-2 requirements.

4.7.1 Deep discharge of lead acid batteries
Deep discharge of lead acid battery means, that more capacity (electrical energy) is discharged out of the
battery than allowed, or more than defined in the discharge curves of the manufacturer, respectively. This
may result in insufficient recharging.
There are different methods to protect the batteries against deep discharge. It is suggested to use
parameters such as:
- voltage,
- current,
- temperature, and
- time
as a criteria for deep discharge protection. Curves showing the relationship between the current and the
final discharge voltage should be available from the battery manufacturers.
4.7.2 Necessary conditions after deep discharge of lead acid batteries
Deep discharge of lead acid batteries especially without proper recharge can lead to permanent damage of
the battery in terms of reduced available capacity. In case of a deep discharge the operating instructions of
the battery manufacturer shall be followed.
4.7.3 Deep discharge of NiCd batteries
Deep discharge of NiCd battery means, that more capacity (electrical energy) is discharged out of the battery
than allowed, or more than defined in the discharge curves of the manufacturer, respectively. The nominal
final discharge voltage is 1,0 V / cell. All discharge voltages below this value at currents ≤ 1 C indicate a
possible deep discharge.
4.7.4 Necessary reconditioning after deep discharge of NiCd batteries
NiCd batteries do not require specific devices to protect the battery against deep discharge itself. However,
the available capacity especially after repeated deep discharge may be temporary reduced. Therefore, after
a repeated deep discharge the operating instructions of the battery manufacturer shall be followed.
4.7.5 Temperature compensation
The battery charging voltage shall be temperature controlled. In practical application it has been found that
following compensation factors should be used:
- NiCd batteries: - 0,003 V / K per cell
- lead acid batteries: - 0,004 V / K per cell
As a further measure the battery should not be operated in boost charging mode and changed to float
charging mode above these temperatures:
- NiCd batteries: 45 °C
- lead acid batteries: 50 °C
At temperatures above 70 °C, the batteries shall be not charged.
This protects the battery at high temperatures and it also ensures the maximum possible state of charge at
lower temperatures and minimises water consumption.
In case of sensor failure the system should use temporary the 20 °C charging value if not specified
otherwise.
- 21 - EN 50547:2013
4.7.6 Protection against superimposed ripple current
The battery charging current shall be DC, as any superimposed AC component in the charging current can
lead to a temperature increase of the battery. The AC content in the charging current should not exceed
values as per EN 50272-2.
4.8 Fire protection
Pending the publication of an EN 45545, national fire safety standards should be met depending on the
customer's specification. It may be sufficient to test according to the CEN/CLC TS 45545 series, which was
published as a series of Technical Specifications before being converted into European Standards.
The acceptance of this procedure shall be agreed in advance.
NOTE Commonly, non-metallic materials are validated according to the customer specification. The fire protection can be achieved
through measures on cell / monobloc and / or box level.
4.9 Maintenance
Maintenance data for preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance shall be available on request from
the battery manufacturer. All data depend on the specific use at the project and type of battery and complete
battery system (lead acid vented, VRLA, NiCd, monobloc batteries, cells, waterfilling system).
Following maintenance steps are necessary for the different Battery types (values and procedures
depending on the project):
Table 3 - Maintenance steps for different battery types

Type of battery
Maintenance steps
A1 A2 B
Visual inspection x x x
Topping up with demineralised water x x
Cleanliness battery and contacts x x x
Reconditioning  x
5 Lead acid batteries
5.1 General
The preferred sizes of single cells / monobloc batteries and the charging characteristic are given in this
subclause.
The following general features apply for lead acid batteries:
− VRLA - valve-regulated-lead-acid cells (vented-lead-acid types possible in special cases);
− nominal cell voltage 2,0 V;
− 54 Cells per battery independently of the technologies.

5.2 Sizes of vented batteries
Table 4 - Specification of battery sizes of vented single cells / monobloc batteries
C Nominal voltage Dimensions
(V) L x W x H
(Ah) (mm x mm x mm)
Grid plates Monobloc
80 12,0 V 353 x 175 x 190
135 12,0 V 513 x 223 x 223
190 12,0 V 518 x 276 x 242
Tubular plates Cell
120 2,0 V 47 x 198 x 370
180 2,0 V 65 x 198 x 370
240 2,0 V 83 x 198 x 370
300 2,0 V 101 x 198 x 370
360 2,0 V 119 x 198 x 370
420 2,0 V 137 x 198 x 370
480 2,0 V 155 x 198 x 370
240 2,0 V 65 x 198 x 440
320 2,0 V 83 x 198 x 440
400 2,0 V 101 x 198 x 440
480 2,0 V 119 x 198 x 440
560 2,0 V 137 x 198 x 440
- 23 - EN 50547:2013
5.3 Sizes of GEL batteries
Table 5 - Specification of batt
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