EN ISO 17184:2014

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2014
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Soil quality - Determination of carbon and nitrogen by near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS)
(ISO 17184:2014)
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung von Kohlenstoff und Stickstoff durch
Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS) (ISO 17184:2014)
Qualité du sol - Dosage du carbone et de l'azote par spectrométrie dans le proche
infrarouge (SPIR) ((ISO 17184:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 17184:2014
ICS:
13.080.10 .HPLMVNH]QDþLOQRVWLWDO Chemical characteristics of
soils
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 17184
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2014
ICS 13.080.10
English Version
Soil quality - Determination of carbon and nitrogen by near-
infrared spectrometry (NIRS) (ISO 17184:2014)
Qualité du sol - Dosage du carbone et de l'azote par Bodenbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung von Kohlenstoff und
spectrométrie proche infrarouge (SPIR) (ISO 17184:2014) Stickstoff durch Nahinfrarotspektroskopie (NIRS) (ISO
17184:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 April 2014.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
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Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 17184:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 17184:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held
by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 17184:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 17184:2014 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 17184
First edition
2014-05-15
Soil quality — Determination of
carbon and nitrogen by near-infrared
spectrometry (NIRS)
Qualité du sol — Dosage du carbone et de l’azote par spectrométrie
proche infrarouge (SPIR)
Reference number
ISO 17184:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014
ISO 17184:2014(E)
© ISO 2014
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

ISO 17184:2014(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle . 1
4 Apparatus . 1
5 Procedure. 2
5.1 Preparation of samples . 2
5.2 Instrument calibration . 2
5.3 Sample measurement . 4
6 Test report . 5
Annex A (informative) Precision data . 6
Bibliography . 9
ISO 17184:2014(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Chemical
methods and soil characteristics.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17184:2014(E)
Soil quality — Determination of carbon and nitrogen by
near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of carbon and nitrogen in soils by
direct measurement of sample spectra in the near-infrared spectral region. The spectra are evaluated
by a suitable calibration model derived from the results obtained by reference methods.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 11464, Soil quality — Pretreatment of samples for physico-chemical analysis
3 Principle
Soil samples are measured by reflectance near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Diffuse reflectance NIR
spectroscopy offers a non-destructive means for measurement of soil properties based on reflectance
spectra of illuminated soils. Spectral data are evaluated by a suitable calibrating model derived from the
measurement of a sufficient number of representative soil samples with known content of carbon and/or
nitrogen determined by reference methods. Calibration equations reflect the relationship between the
constituents of the sample and NIR spectral information. The soil samples and the set of calibrating
samples for the NIR measurement are prepared the same way.
NOTE 1 NIR spectrometry is a very fast non-destructive and environmentally friendly analytical technique
when compared to the standard chemical methods used as reference methods.
NOTE 2 Soils generally have similar reflectance spectra in the 1 100 nm to 2 500 nm range. The absorption
peaks for soils in the near-infrared region are difficult to assign to specific chemical components.
4 Apparatus
4.1 Near-infrared instrument, based on measurement of reflectance spectra in the near-infrared
region (wavelength range from 900 nm to 2 500 nm is usually applied). The instrument should be
equipped with a suitable measurement cell for pulverized solid samples. The instrument should measure
sufficiently large sample volume to eliminate any significant influence of inhomogeneity of the sample.
The software shall allow instrument tests, calibration, sample measurement and data evaluation.
Resolution of the instrument should be equal to 8 nm or better.
NOTE Wavelengths of spectra recorded in higher resolution may be averaged to reduce spectra noise and
there is a risk of over fitting of the calibration model. Instruments with lower resolution may be used if their
performance is verified for intended purposes.
ISO 17184:2014(E)
5 Procedure
5.1 Preparation of samples
Soil samples shall be prepared the same way as soils used for the instrument calibration. Any difference
in sample preparation may influence the measurement. Sample preparation shall ensure a good
homogenization of the sample.
Sample preparation according to ISO 11464, particle size < 2 mm, is generally used. Air-dried or oven-
dried samples can be used for analysis. The method is not suitable for samples with water content higher
than 10 %. Oven drying is recommended for samples with high specific surface area that are susceptible
to changes in water content due to fluctuations in air humidity.
5.2 Instrument calibration
5.2.1 General
A suitable set of uniformly prepared soil samples is measured by NIR spectroscopy. The spectra and
the results of the content of carbon and/or nitrogen determined by a reference method are used for
calculation of the calibration model. Calibration should include enough samples to cover most of the
possible spectral variability encountered during routine analysis and to predict the composition of
unknown samples accurately. The calibration sample set shall be selected to gain an evenly distributed
coverage of the property range.
The NIR spectra represent cumulative information about the chemical and physical properties of a
samp
...