EN 12516-2:2014

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.YHQWLORYIndustriearmaturen - Gehäusefestigkeit - Teil 2: Berechnungsverfahren für drucktragende Gehäuse von Armaturen aus StahlRobinetterie industrielle - Résistance mécanique des enveloppes - Partie 2 : Méthode de calcul relative aux en-veloppes d'appareils de robinetterie en acierIndustrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 2: Calculation method for steel valve shells23.060.01Ventili na splošnoValves in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12516-2:2014SIST EN 12516-2:2015en,fr,de01-januar-2015SIST EN 12516-2:2015SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12516-2:20041DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12516-2
October 2014 ICS 23.060.01 Supersedes EN 12516-2:2004English Version
Industrial valves - Shell design strength - Part 2: Calculation method for steel valve shells
Robinetterie industrielle - Résistance mécanique des enveloppes - Partie 2 : Méthode de calcul relative aux enveloppes d'appareils de robinetterie en acier
Industriearmaturen - Gehäusefestigkeit - Teil 2: Berechnungsverfahren für drucktragende Gehäuse von Armaturen aus Stahl This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 August 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
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COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12516-2:2014 ESIST EN 12516-2:2015

Characteristic values of gaskets and joints . 84 Annex B (informative)
Calculation procedure . 96 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 98 Bibliography . 99
centre of gravity PS MPa maximum allowable pressure R mm radius for calculating load cases ReH MPa upper yield strength ReH/t MPa upper yield strength at temperature t °C Ri mm inner Radius of spherical cap Rm MPa tensile strength Rm/t MPa tensile strength at temperature t °C Rm/T/t MPa creep rupture strength for T hours at temperature t °C Rp0,2 MPa 0,2 % - proof strength Rp0,2/t MPa 0,2 % - proof strength at temperature t °C Rp0,2/t Test MPa 0,2 % - proof strength at test temperature t °C Rp1,0/t Test MPa 1,0 % - proof strength at test temperature t °C Rp1,0 MPa 1,0 % - proof strength Rp1,0/t MPa 1,0 % - proof strength at temperature t °C Rp1,0/T/t MPa 1,0 % - creep proof strength for T hours at temperature t °C r mm radius r0 mm radius for calculating load cases r1 mm radius for calculating load cases ro mm outside radius ri mm inside radius rD mm radius to the middle of the support plate for the seal rF mm radius to F1 SIST EN 12516-2:2015

coefficient Z1 mm3 coefficient . ° angle of lenticular gasket . — form factor
— calculation factor = . / /
–– machining quality factor
— Poisson's ratio / — ratio of bolt forces against pressure forces /1 — proof stress ratio 3 ° angle for corner welds 3k ° angle in knuckle area - ° angle of body branch -A ° angle for valve bodies with oblique branch
— calculation factor depending on the gasket material 1 MPa stress in the cross sections or branches 1VU MPa minimum sealing constant assembly state 1VO MPa maximum sealing constant assembly state 1BO MPa maximum sealing constant operating state SIST EN 12516-2:2015

4 General conditions for strength calculation Formulae (1) and (2) apply to mainly static internal pressure stressing. The extent to which these formulae can also be applied to pulsating internal pressure stressing is described in Clause 12. The total wall thickness is found by adding the following allowances: c0012eecc=++ (1) c1112eecc=++ (2) 00aee≥ (3) 11aee≥ (4) where ec0, ec1 are the calculated wall thicknesses in accordance with the rules given in this standard at different locations on the valve shell (see Figures 1a and 2); c1 is a manufacturer tolerance allowance; c2 is a standardized corrosion and erosion allowance. The values of the corrosion allowance are: c2 = 1 mm for ferritic and ferritic-martensitic steels; c2 = 0 mm for all other steels; c2 = 0 mm if ec0 ≥ 30 mm or if ec1 ≥ 30 mm. When checking the wall thickness of existing pressure retaining shells these allowances shall be subtracted from the actual wall thickness. ac0a012eecc=−− (5) ac1a112eecc=−− (6) SIST EN 12516-2:2015

a) for new design b) for verification of existing wall thickness Key e wall thickness d diameter a actual c calculated i inner o outer c1 fabrication tolerance c2 corrosion allowance ec calculated wall thickness eac actual minimum wall thickness less c1 and c2 ea actual wall thickness accee≥
acc12eecc≥++
Figure 1 — Composition of section thickness and tolerance allowances 5 Design pressure All reasonably foreseeable conditions shall be taken into account, which occur during operation and standby. Therefore the design pressure pd shall not be less than the maximum allowable pressure PS. In formulae, pd is shortly written as p. 6 Nominal design stresses for pressure parts other than bolts 6.1 General The nominal design stresses (allowable stresses) for steels (see PED 97/23/EC) with a minimum rupture elongation of ≥ 14 % and a minimum impact energy measured on a Charpy-V-notch impact test specimen of ≥ 27 J shall be calculated in accordance with Table 2. The calculation of the test conditions is optional. SIST EN 12516-2:2015

= Rm/100 000/t / 1,5 /,Testp1,0/t105fR= Austenitic steel and austenitic cast steel as defined in 6.4 with rupture elongation ≥ 35 % f =
max [Rp1,0/t / 1,5;
min (Rp1,0/t / 1,2; Rm/t / 3,0)] f = Rm/100 000/t / 1,5 /,Testp1,0/t105fR= Cast steel as defined in 6.5 f = min (Rp0,2/t / 1,9; Rm/20 / 3,0) f = Rm/100 000/t / 1,9 /,Testp0,2/t133fR= Weld-on ends on cast steel as defined in 6.5 f = min (Rp0,2/t / 1,5; Rm/20 / 2,4) a f = Rm/100 000/t / 1,5 /,Testp0,2/t105fR= a The transition zone situated immediately outside the effective length l0 or l1 may be calculated with this higher nominal design strength if the length of the transition zone ≥ 3 ∙ec, however = 50 mm min. and the angle of the transition ≤ 30°. b For the calculation of the test pressure, EN 12266–1 or EN 12266–2 shall be used.
Materials with lower elongation values and/or lower values for a Charpy-V-notch impact test may also be applied, provided that appropriate measures are taken to compensate for these lower values and the specific requirements are verifiable. NOTE The nominal design stresses of this clause are in accordance with the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC Annex I, Clause 7. The term “nominal design stress” means the “permissible general membrane stress” in the context of this directive. 6.2 Steels and cast steels other than defined in 6.3, 6.4 or 6.5 The maximum value of the nominal design stress for normal operating load cases fd shall not exceed the smaller of the following two values: — the yield strength ReH/t or 0,2 % proof strength Rp0,2/t at calculation temperature, as given in the material standard, divided by the safety factor SF = 1,5. For austenitic steels and cast steels with a rupture elongation less than 30 % and with a relationship at 20 °C between proof and tensile strength less than or equal 0,5 the 1,0 % proof strength Rp1,0/t can be used, divided by the safety factor SF = 1,5; — the minimum tensile strength Rm at 20 °C as given in the material standard, divided by the safety factor SF = 2,4. 6.3 Austenitic steel and austenitic cast steel with a minimum rupture elongation not less than 30 % The maximum value of the nominal design stress for normal operating load cases fd shall not exceed the 1,0 % proof strength Rp1,0/t at calculation temperature, as given in the material standard, divided by the safety factor SF = 1,5. SIST EN 12516-2:2015

≤ 1,7 If this condition is not met, the procedure shall be according to 7.4.5, Figure 20. i
= ( 2
-
)
cc pdefpk⋅⋅⋅ (7) or occ22
pd = e(
f
p )
+
pk⋅⋅−⋅⋅ (8) do / di
> 1,7 SIST EN 12516-2:2015
= ( 2
-
)
prefpk⋅⋅⋅ (11) or occ
= ( 2
- )
+ prefp pk⋅⋅⋅ (12) 1,2 <
do / di
≤ 1,5 icc2
=
1 +
-1( 2
-
)
perfpk⋅⋅⋅⋅ (13) or c occ2
1 +
-1( 2
-
)
=
1 + ( 2
-
)
ppfkerpfpk⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅ (14) The formulae above are equivalent when ri = ro – ec 7.2.4 Conical bodies or branches ea / do > 0,005 (15) SIST EN 12516-2:2015

Figure 2 — Cone calculation coefficient ()()conconc12pdefpkcosϕ⋅=⋅⋅−⋅
(16) ((cos)sin)conocK21dder3x3=−+−+ (17) Wall thickness in the knuckle or in a corner weld: ocKc4pd = efkβ⋅⋅⋅⋅ (18) ecK is also required in the zone x and x2 oacx===de⋅ (19) aca12eecc≤−−
(20) kc is now a factor for a weld situated in the knuckle or in the influence zone of the knuckle running in meridian direction. In cases of corner welds which are admissible for angles 3 ≤ 30°, ecK ≤ 20 mm and double joint weld,
shall be read off Figure 2 by taking for the ratio r / do = 0,01. SIST EN 12516-2:2015

for the ratio r / do cos 3 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,06 0,08 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,30 0,40 0,50 10 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,2 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 0,985 20 2,0 1,8 1,7 1,6 1,4 1,3 1,2 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 1,1 0,940 30 2,7 2,4 2,2 2,0 1,8 1,7 1,6 1,4 1,3 1,1 1,1 1,1 0,866 45 4,1 3,7 3,3 3,0 2,6 2,4 2,2 1,9 1,8 1,4 1,1 1,1 0,707 60 6,4 5,7 5,1 4,7 4,0 3,5 3,2 2,8 2,5 2,0 1,4 1,1 0,500 75 13,6 11,7 10,7 9,5 7,7 7,0 6,3 5,4 4,8 3,1 2,0 1,1 0,259
If two conical shells with different taper angles are joined together, the angle 3 arising between the conical portion with the more pronounced taper and that with the less pronounced taper shall be determined for the value of . 7.2.5 Bodies or branches with oval or rectangular cross-sections 7.2.5.1 General The following calculation rules apply to oval or rectangular valve bodies with a wall thickness/diameter ratio eac / b2 ≤ 0,15 and a ratio b1 / b2 ≥ 0,4. For ratios eac / b2 ≤ 0,06, these rules are applicable for b1 / b2 ≥ 0,25 (see Bibliography, reference [3]). In the case of oval shaped cross-sections (see Figure 3 a) and Figure 3 b)) and of rectangular shapes with or without radiusing of the corners (see Figure 3 c) and Figure 3 d)), the additional bending stresses, which arise in the walls or in the corners, shall be taken into consideration.
a) Oval-shaped b) Rectangular radiused on one side c) Rectangular, with radiused corner for r > eac d) Rectangular, corner not radiused Figure 3 — Cross-sections SIST EN 12516-2:2015

(22) The calculation shall be carried out in respect of locations 1 and 2 (designated in Figure 3 a) and Figure 3 b) for oval-shaped cross-sections), and in respect of locations 1 and 3 (designated in Figure 3 c) and Figure 3 d) for rectangular cross-sections), because the bending moments, which have a predominant influence on the strength behaviour, exhibit their maximum values at the above locations. In exceptional cases (e.g. a low b1 / b2 ratio) a check calculation for location 2 may also be necessary for square cross-sections. The calculation coefficient B0n, which is a function of the normal forces, shall be: B01 = b1 / b2 for location 1 (23) B02 = 1 for location 2 (24) For Location 3, B03 can be obtained from Figure 4 as a function of the sides ratio b1 / b2 and of the corner radii ratio r / b2, or it can be calculated in accordance with Formula (25): 1222sin
sin +
-
( 1-cos )
cos03kkkk21-( 1- )2rrb =
3Bbbbϕϕϕ (25) withk1221
2/tan =
22rb rbbbϕ−− (26) NOTE In case of Figure 3 b) (1b = 2r): kϕ = 90° and B03 = 1. 7.2.5.2 Oval-shaped cross sections
Figure 4 — Calculation coefficient B03 for location 3 SIST EN 12516-2:2015

Figure 5 — Calculation coefficient Bn for oval-shaped cross-sections SIST EN 12516-2:2015

a) Design A b) Design B Figure 6 — Examples of changes in cross-section B - B in oval basic bodies The calculation coefficients Bn which are dependent on the bending moments plotted in Figure 5 as a function of ratio b1 / b2 for oval-shaped cross-sections for locations 1 and 2. These curves correspond to the formulae below: 12
6622EE11 Kkk = BE′−−⋅−′ (27) 2E1-
662E21+Kkk = BE′−⋅′ (28) with 212 = 1 2Ebkb− (29) These values result from the analytical solution of the formulae of equilibrium for a curved shaped beam. The values of K', E', are explained in Reference [4] of the Bibliography. For determination of the calculation coefficients the following approximation formulae may also be used for b1 / b2 ≥ 0,5: SIST EN 12516-2:2015

Bbb⋅ (30) 112221-0,5-0,1251-bb =
Bbb⋅ (31) The calculation co
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