EN 12184:2006

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EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12184September 2006ICS 11.180.10Supersedes EN 12184:1999
English VersionElectrically powered wheelchairs, scooters and their chargers -Requirements and test methodsFauteuils roulants électriques, scooters et leurs chargeurs -Exigences et méthodes d'essaiElektrorollstühle und -mobile und zugehörige Ladegeräte -Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 August 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12184:2006: E

Recommendations for dimensions and manoeuvring area of electrically powered wheelchairs.45 A.1 Specific dimensions.45 A.1.1 Dimensions when ready for use.45 A.1.2 Push handle height.45 A.1.3 Ground clearance.45 A.2 Manoeuvring area.46 A.2.1 Turning radius.46 A.2.2 Turn-around width.46 A.3 Speed settings.46

Recommended design features.48 B.1 Introduction.48 B.2 General recommendations.48 B.2.1 Anti-tip devices.48 B.2.2 Component mass.48 B.2.3 Fittings and tools.48 B.2.4 Tyres.48 B.2.5 Means to inflate tyres.48 B.2.6 Surface temperature.48 B.2.7 User transfer into or out of the wheelchair.49 B.2.8 Resistance to contamination from urine incontinence.49 B.2.9 Indication for maximum safe slope.49 B.2.10 Mirrors.49 B.2.11 Head support.49 B.2.12 Accidental operation of parking brakes or freewheel.49 B.3 Recommendations for performance characteristics.50 B.3.1 Mechanical damage of electronic units.50 B.3.2 Indication of electrical faults.50 B.3.3 Single fault protection.50 B.3.4 Batteries and their containers.50 B.3.5 Lighting.50 B.3.6 Control mechanism feedback.50 B.3.7 Freewheel alarm.50 B.3.8 Maximum speed.50 Annex C (informative)
Recommended seating design.51 Annex D (informative)
Manoeuvring forces.52 D.1 Recommendations.52 D.1.1 Push handle force.52 D.1.2 Handrim force.52 D.2 Manoeuvring test for handrim activated power assisted wheelchairs.52 Annex E (informative)
Technical changes from EN 12184:1999.53 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of Council Directive 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices.55 Bibliography.58

1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for electrically powered wheelchairs with a maximum speed not exceeding 15 km/h intended to carry one person which includes  manual wheelchairs with add-on power kits used for propulsion,  electrically powered wheelchairs and  electrically powered scooters with three or more wheels. It also specifies requirements and test methods for battery chargers for wheelchairs and scooters. This European Standard does not apply in total to:  wheelchairs intended for special purposes, such as sports,  custom-made wheelchairs,  handrim activated power assisted wheelchairs and  powered office chairs. NOTE Requirements for manually propelled wheelchairs are specified in EN 12183. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1021-1:, Furniture — Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture — Part 1: Ignition source smouldering cigarette EN 1021-2:, Furniture — Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered furniture — Part 2: Ignition source match flame equivalent EN 12182:1999, Technical aids for disabled persons — General requirements and test methods EN 50272-3:2002, Safety requirements for secondary batteries and battery installations — Part 3: Traction batteries EN 60335-1, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60335-1:2001) EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 60601-1, Medical electrical equipment — Part 1: General requirements for safety (IEC 60601-1:1988) EN 60942:2004, Electroacoustics — Sound calibrators (IEC 60942:2003) EN 61000-3-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 3-2: Limits — Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current ≤ 16 A per phase) (IEC 61000-3-2:2005)

NOTE 1 Definition is adapted from the definition given in the Global Medical Devices Nomenclature (GMDN). NOTE 2 A disabled user is a disabled person or a person not having the full capacity to walk by him or herself.

1 000 mm of extension in any direction and 25 mm apart per 6 000 mm of extension in any direction. 4.2 Horizontal test plane, a flat, rigid plane with a coefficient of friction as defined in ISO 7176-13, of sufficient size to accommodate the wheelchair under test, and such that the whole surface lies between two imaginary horizontal planes 5 mm apart per 1 000 mm of extension in any direction and 25 mm apart per 6 000 mm of extension in any direction. 4.3 Means to apply a force of between 25 N and 200 N with an accuracy of ± 5 % and an application rate less than 5 N/s. 4.4 Means to measure force with an accuracy of ± 5 % in increments of 1 N in the range of 0 N to 200 N. 4.5 Means to measure sound pressure calibrated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, using an acoustic calibrator class 1 as described in EN 60942 with an accuracy of ± 3 dB(A). 4.6 Means to measure speed between 0 km/h and 20 km/h to an accuracy of ± 5 %. 4.7 Means to measure distance in the range of 0 m to 5 m with an accuracy of ± 1 mm or ± 2 % whichever is the greater. 4.8 Supplementary weights to add to a human test driver to achieve the maximum user mass as specified by the manufacturer and to achieve a similar mass distribution to the dummy to be used as specified in 4.10. 4.9 Test block, capable of supporting the loaded wheelchair under each of its wheels, with length and width 200 mm ± 10 mm, thickness given in Table 1 'ground unevenness' and corner radii greater than 2,0 mm. For the two large surfaces, the whole of each surface shall lie between two imaginary horizontal planes 1 mm apart. The coefficient of friction shall be as specified in ISO 7176-13. 4.10 Test dummy
4.10.1
General Select a test dummy (ISO 7176-11) of mass equal to or, if there is no dummy of equal mass, the next size greater than the maximum user mass recommended by the manufacturer.
. If the maximum user mass specified by the manufacturer is greater than 100 kg use an augmentation to the 100 kg test dummy from ISO 7176-11 as specified below. The mass is added to the upper legs/seat section and trunk/back section in the ratio of 1:6. The following will provide the required mass and position to augment a 100 kg dummy. M is the total mass of the required dummy. 4.10.1.1
The additional trunk/back section mass is obtained from the following: 0,857M – 85,7. 4.10.1.2
The point on the Y axis for the centre of mass for the complete new trunk/back section is obtained from the following:

from the following: ()[]()()additionalcompYMYM=−×−×−+100768,29611007661in cm 4.10.1.4
The point on the X axis of the centre of mass for the additional trunk/back section mass measured from the front face of the trunk/back section is obtained from the following:
()()[]()()additionalXcmMMM=−−−+−+1,25100766,363,186,361007632,117,0in cm 4.10.1.5
When constructing the new mass dummy using the above calculations the additional mass shall be positioned within Y additional ± 0.1 cm and X additional ± 0.1cm. 4.10.1.6
The additional mass of the upper legs is obtained from the following: = 0,143M – 14,3. 4.10.1.7
The additional mass for the upper leg/seat section is evenly distributed so as not to change the centre of mass for this segment. NOTE This may be achieved by wrapping the leg/seat section in a sheet material e.g. lead of appropriate mass. 4.10.1.8 The mass of the lower legs/feet does not increase from the 100kg dummy. 4.11 Test track marked on a horizontal test plane with a hard, non-porous surface in a room with an ambient noise level not exceeding 45 dB(A) and of sufficient length for the wheelchair to attain its maximum speed, maintain its maximum speed and decelerate within the measuring distance specified in Figure 2. 4.12 Means to measure torque with an accuracy of ± 2 % in increments of 1 Nm in the range of
0,5 Nm to 10 Nm. 4.13 Means to measure angles to an accuracy of ± 0,1°. 4.14 Means to move a brake lever smoothly for 60 000 cycles at a frequency of not more than 0,5 Hz. 4.15 Means to measure force applied to control devices (e.g. joystick) capable of measuring forces in a range of 0 N to 10 N in 0,1 N increments with an accuracy of ± 1 % of the rated capacity. 4.16
Means to measure elapsed time in the range 0 to 30 s with an accuracy of ± 1 s. 5 Type classes Wheelchairs shall be classified in one or more of the following three classes, dependent upon their intended use:  Class A - compact, manoeuvrable wheelchairs not necessarily capable of negotiating outdoor obstacles;

7 Design requirements 7.1
Foot supports, leg supports and arm supports The wheelchair shall be fitted with foot supports that have a means of positioning the user’s feet at the required height, and prevent the user’s feet from sliding backwards and shall meet the performance requirements specified in 8.2. Where fitted, leg supports and arm supports shall meet the performance requirements specified in 8.2. 7.2 Pneumatic tyres If the wheelchair is fitted with pneumatic tyres, they shall have the same type of valve connection on all tyres. The tyres or the rims shall be marked with the maximum pressure in kPa or bar.

ISO 7176-19 with the exception of the horizontal excursion limits and the selection of the Anthropomorphic Test Device (ATD). The horizontal excursion limits specified in Table 1 of ISO 10542-5:2004 and the ATD selection specified in Table A.1 of ISO 10542-5:2004 shall apply. 7.5 Braking systems The wheelchair shall be fitted with a braking system that meets the performance requirements specified in 8.4. If one or more brake levers are fitted to a wheelchair in the form used on bicycles and mopeds, the hand-grip width of such brake levers, measured 15 mm from the end of the brake lever, shall not be greater than 75 mm before a force is applied. See Figure 3. 7.6 Freewheel device The wheelchair shall be fitted with a freewheel device that shall  be accessible and operable by the user or the attendant or both in accordance with the manufacturer's intended use,  be within the reach specified in Figure 4, if it is intended to be operated by the user,  have maximum operating forces for engaging and disengaging as stated in Table 1,  be operable without detaching any parts,  not depend on the battery power supplying the motor drive system, NOTE 1 A battery independent from the motor drive battery may be used to supply energy to enable freewheel mode.  have two defined positions including clear indication of freewheel mode and drive mode, NOTE 2 An audible alarm activated when the freewheel device is in operation and deactivated when the drive and braking systems are fully operational would assist the user and/or attendant.  prevent use of the wheelchair's drive system, if any part of the freewheel device is activated. NOTE 3 This requirement overrides 7.2 of ISO 7176-14:1997 concerning requirements for non-powered mobility. 7.7 Component mass If the wheelchair is intended to be dismantled for storage or transportation, any component that requires moving or handling and has a mass greater than 10 kg shall be provided with suitable handling devices (e.g. handles). The manufacturer shall provide information indicating the points where it can be lifted and describe how it shall be handled during disassembling, lifting, carrying, and assembling to reduce risks to the person or persons moving or handling the equipment.

NOTE The openings are intended to permit escape of gases. Battery containers shall d) be used where spillable batteries are fitted to the wheelchair, e) be resistant to corrosion caused by battery gases and acid. 7.9 Audible warning device The wheelchair shall be equipped with a user-operable audible warning device that meets the performance requirements of 8.6. 7.10 Operations intended to be carried out by the user and/or attendant
Wheelchairs shall be designed to facilitate ease of operation by the user and/or attendant as specified in the manufacturer’s instructions and meet the performance requirements of 8.2.1, 8.7, 8.8.1, 8.9.1, 8.12, 8.16.1, 9.2 and 9.3 or for brake levers the requirements of 8.4.1. Examples include  operation of adjustable seating,  use of detachable components; including removable arm supports, leg supports etc., to facilitate safe transfers into and out of the wheelchair,  use of folding mechanisms; including folding frames etc., to facilitate storage and transportation of unoccupied wheelchairs,  carrying out maintenance; including use of tools etc.,  use of manual steering controls,  use of braking systems and freewheel device,  use of attendant controls,  use of control input devices.

Foot support assembly, leg supports or arm supports 8.2.1 Requirements Any swing away, movable or removable foot support assembly, leg support or arm support fitted on the wheelchair shall a) incorporate a means to fix it securely in any operating position, b) be adjustable in increments not exceeding 25 mm, c) be accessible and oper
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