EN 14844:2006+A1:2008

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Montažni betonski izdelki - Škatlasti nosilciBetonfertigteile - HohlkastenelementeProduits préfabriqués en béton - Cadres enterrésPrecast concrete products - Box culverts91.100.30Beton in betonski izdelkiConcrete and concrete productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14844:2006+A1:2008SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009en,fr01-marec-2009SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14844:2006+A1
October 2008 ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 14844:2006English Version
Precast concrete products - Box culverts
Produits préfabriqués en béton - Cadres enterrés
Betonfertigteile - Hohlkastenelemente This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 22 August 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
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Additional information for the design of box culverts.15 A.1 Characteristic horizontal load.15 A.2 Reinforcement of inner wall faces.15 A.3 Stability.15 A.4 Horizontal surface loads.15 A.5 Deflection of roof slab.15 A.6 Differential settlement.16 Annex B (normative)
Verification by calculation aided by physical testing.17 B.1 Introduction.17 B.2 Limit of use of this test.17 B.3 Test arrangements.17 B.4 Test criteria.18 B.5 Definition of the dimensional parameters.18 B.6 Definition of the main sections.19 B.7 Determination of the test parameters (wp, wa, F).19 SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

Installation.22 C.1 Products/Units.22 C.2 Preparing the site.22 C.3 Bedding.22 C.4 Laying.22 C.5 Backfilling.23 Annex ZA (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directive 89/106/EEC, EU Construction Products Directive.25 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics.25 ZA.2 Procedure(s) for the attestation of conformity of box culvert units.27 ZA.2.1 Systems of attestation of conformity.27 ZA.2.2 EC Certificate and Declaration of conformity.29 ZA.3 CE marking and labelling.30 ZA.3.1 General.30 ZA.3.2 Declaration of geometrical data and material properties (method 1).32 ZA.3.3 Declaration of product properties (method 2).34 ZA.3.4 Declaration of compliance with a given design specification provided by the client (method 3a).36 ZA.3.5 Declaration of compliance with a given design specification provided by the manufacturer according to the client's order (method 3b)".37 Bibliography.40
Figure 1a — Unit Length
Figure 1b — Explanation of symbols Figure 1 — Principal dimensions and symbols See Figure 2 for alternative joint configurations. 4 Requirements 4.1 Material requirements 4.1.1 General Subclause 4.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.2 Production requirements 4.2.1 Concrete production Subclause 4.2.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

EN 206-1:2000, 4.3.2. 4.2.3 Structural reinforcement 4.2.3.1 Processing of reinforcing steel Subclauses 4.2.3 and 4.2.3.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 4.3 Finished product requirements 4.3.1 Geometrical properties 4.3.1.1 Production tolerances Units shall have an appropriate joint detail capable of providing sealing and location integrity. Typical arrangements are shown in Figure 2 below. Types of joints (see Figure 2):  rebated joint (A);  nib joint (B);  butt joint (C). SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

2a)
2b)
2c) Figure 2 — Examples of box culvert joints For the types of rebated joint illustrated, the spigot and socket shall have a thickness of not less than 45 mm at the root (a + b) and a nib length (d) of not less than 45 mm. !deleted text" Early casts from each mould shall be checked to ensure that joints mate satisfactorily. !NOTE It is suitable that, except for dimensions close to the minimum specified hereafter, the length d of the nib should be in the range from 1,3 to 2 times the nib root dimension a + b." The maximum permissible tolerance from the manufacturer’s declared dimensions, measured in accordance with 5.2, shall be as follows:  thickness of roof/floor slab and wall : ± 10 mm;  internal width and height of the opening : ± 1 % !(min. -10 mm, max. 15 mm)";  length of units : ± 1 % !(min. ± 15 mm)";  joints: (see Figure 2) ; a, b, c, d, e, f, g : !± 10 mm". 4.3.1.2 Minimum dimensions The nominal thickness for roof, floor and wall shall be not less than 100 mm. NOTE The length of unit is determined by the maximum weight and overall dimensions which can conveniently be lifted, transported and placed into the works but is not likely to be less than 1 000 mm except where handling or special considerations apply. 4.3.1.3 Nominal size Box culverts shall be described by their principal dimensions according to 3.2, expressed in sequence:  WxHxL The manufacturer shall declare the box culvert nominal dimensions. The opening may be provided with corner splays, which shall not reduce the rectangular area by more than 10 %. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

5 Test methods 5.1 Tests on concrete Subclause 5.1 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 5.2 Measuring of dimensions and surface characteristics In addition to the requirements of 5.2 of EN 13369:2004, the following requirements for box culverts shall be followed. The tolerances stated in 4.3.1.1 shall be checked using the procedure described below: a) Roof, floor and wall thickness Measure thickness of section at mid position of each face at each end of unit. Compare values with value given in 4.3.1.1. b) Width and depth Measure internal width and depth at each end of unit. Compare values with value given in 4.3.1.1. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

c) Length Measure length of each side (from end of spigot to base of socket) at mid position. Compare values with value given in 4.3.1.1. d) Flatness Take measurements at random positions on the walls, floor and roof. Compare values with value given in 4.3.2. e) Squareness With the unit in the "as-laid" position, measure the diagonals of the exposed sides, top and ends. Compare the differences in the diagonals for each face with the values given in 4.3.1.4. 5.3 Weight of the products The method of determining the weight shall be either by weighing or by calculation, in accordance with 5.3 of EN 13369:2004. 6 Evaluation of conformity The evaluation of conformity shall be in accordance with Clause 6 of EN 13369:2004 except that Table D.4 of EN 13369:2004 shall be replaced by Table 1 below and that 6.2.2 of EN 13369:2004 shall be supplemented by the following method of initial type testing. Table 1 — Finished product inspection
SUBJECT METHOD PURPOSE FREQUENCY 1 Final inspection Reference tests as described in the standard Conformity with the requirements of this standard and the requirements for the manufacturer declared properties In accordance with the requirements of factory production control 2 Marking/labelling Visual check Conformity with the requirements of this standard Daily 3 Storage Visual check Conformity with the requirements of this standard Daily 4 Delivery Visual check Correct delivery age, loading and loading documents Daily 6.2.2 Initial Type Testing Initial type testing shall be subject to one of the following methods: a) in case of verification by calculation using 4.3.3.2 of EN 13369:2004, initial type testing shall be based on checking of calculations; b) where appropriate (see 4.3.3.3) physical testing for the mechanical resistance of the units shall be performed according to Annex B. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

7 Marking Clause 7 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. 8 Technical documentation Clause 8 of EN 13369:2004 shall apply. For installation recommendations it should be referred to Annex C. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

Additional information for the design of box culverts A.1 Characteristic horizontal load Maximum and minimum horizontal loads from fill pressure should be assessed by the principles of soil mechanics. It should take into account the type of fill, the method of installation of the culvert, the backfilling and possible presence of groundwater. A.2 Reinforcement of inner wall faces Even when analysis indicates that there is no tension in a face, minimum reinforcement being not less than the minimum reinforcement of EN 1992-1–2 should be provided. It should be able to resist an ultimate bending moment of 0,8 3eH kNm/m (where He is the effective span of the wall in metres) but should be not less than the minimum reinforcement required by EN 1992-1-2. This does not apply, however, to the corner splays of culverts or to the inner wall faces of culverts less than 500 mm in internal depth. A.3 Stability Considerations of stability such as allowable bearing pressure and resistance to sliding or overturning may not influence the design of culvert strength and they are not within the scope of this standard. It may be assumed that, if any such investigations are considered to be necessary, they will be undertaken by the engineer responsible for the works that incorporate the box culverts. A.4 Horizontal surface loads It may be assumed that any horizontal loads due to surface traffic will be safely dispersed through a road slab or other surface without effect upon the box culvert. A.5 Deflection of roof slab It is not usually necessary to check the deflection of the roof slab. If however the fill depth is less than the minimum recommended below and an assessment to live load deflection is required, it will be sufficiently accurate to assume that: midspan deflection 3r2eLtMW20= SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

1) The free span moment is calculated assuming the roof slab to be simply supported over its effective span. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

Verification by calculation aided by physical testing B.1 Introduction The test is designed to reproduce, simultaneously, the maximum bending moments for service conditions in the main sections of the box. These main sections are mid-span of roof slab, mid-span of floor slab and corners. B.2 Limit of use of this test The configuration of loading and bearing (see below) creates linear and negative bending moment (external fibre under tension) in all the walls. Therefore, this test is not sufficient in the particular case of service conditions where the walls are subjected to positive bending moments, which can exceed the capacity of the minimum inner wall reinforcement (where positive wall moments are required the testing system will need to be modified to achieve these moments. Alternatively the units can be retested turned through 90° to their in use orientation). B.3 Test arrangements
Key wa Support spacing (m) wp Loading beam spacing (m) F Total test load (kN/m) Figure B.1 — Test arrangements SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

Key We Width between neutral fibres (m) He Height between neutral fibres (m) Figure B.2 — Definition of the dimensional parameters Test conditions are valid for all boxes which have the same dimensions We and He, and have the same service conditions. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

Key 1 Roof 2 Floor 3 Upper corners 4 Lower corners Figure B.3 — Definition of the main sections B.7 Determination of the test parameters (wp, wa, F) Given that generally: M(Si) moment due to test load in the section Si; M1, M2 max. positive moment in sections S1, S2 respectively; M3, M4 max. negative moment in sections S3, S4 respectively; f(Si) reduced moment in the section Si. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

where Fult is the ultimate load capacity calculated with the actual properties of materials used in the specimen. The ratio Ffailure/Fult shall be at least equal to 0,95. The mean ratio of all tests shall be not less than 1,0.
Installation C.1 Products/Units Units should be checked on delivery to site to ensure that they correspond to those specified in the contract and are in sound condition, free from damage particularly in relation to joint surfaces. Particular attention should be paid to local circumstances. C.2 Preparing the site In all circumstances site activity should be conducted in a safe manner. All ancillary materials and equipment should be readily available on site prior to commencement of work, including lifting provisions. Trenches should be wide enough to ensure safe installation and allow for compaction of backfill to box sides. C.3 Bedding The bottom of the excavation should be free of irregularities and local hard or soft areas, which should be removed and brought up to level with well-compacted granular material. Bedding will be of granular material or blinding concrete with adequate thickness and good levelling. Special circumstances, e.g. low ground bearing capacity, may lead to other forms of foundation. Recommended values for thickness are :  granular bedding 150 mm to 200 mm ;  concrete bedding 70 mm to 100 mm. When concrete bedding is used, a layer of fine material should be provided to enable levelling and avoid direct contact between the concrete surfaces. The specified line and gradient should be built into the bedding. Where appropriate, other forms of foundation may be used, e.g. piled ground beams, reinforced concrete slab, etc. It should be noted that the supporting condition might give rise to a different analysis of the distribution of moments and shears around the section derived from a compressible support analysis. C.4 Laying A box culvert line is usually laid from the downstream end. For box culverts with sockets, the sockets are usually placed at the upstream end to receive the next box culvert to be laid. Before laying the box culverts they should be inspected to ensure that they are clean and undamaged. SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

!deleted text" SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

!Relationship between this European Standard and the essential requirements of EU Directive 89/106/EEC, EU Construction Products Directive ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics This European Standard has been prepared under the mandate M/100 "Precast Concrete Products"2 given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. The clauses of this European Standard shown in this annex meet the requirements of the mandate given under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC). Compliance with these clauses confers a presumption of fitness of the box culvert units covered by this annex for the intended uses indicated herein; reference shall be made to the information accompanying the CE marking. WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives, not affecting the fitness for intended uses, may be applicable to the box culverts falling within the scope of this standard. NOTE 1 In addition to any specific clauses relating to dangerous substances contained in this European Standard, there may be requirements applicable to the products falling within its scope (e.g. transposed European legislation and national laws, regulations and administrative provisions). In order to meet the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive, these requirements need also to be complied with, when and where they apply. NOTE 2 An informative database of European and national provisions on dangerous substances is available at the Construction web site on EUROPA (accessed through http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/construction/internal/dangsub/dangmain_en.htm ). This annex establishes the conditions for the CE marking of the box culvert units used for the creation of voids below ground for the purposes of conveyance or storage and shows the relevant clauses applicable. This annex has the same scope as Clause 1 of this European Standard and is defined by Table ZA.1.
2 As amended SIST EN 14844:2006+A1:2009

Durability against corrosion All methods 4.3.7 Durability None Ambient conditions Durability against freeze-thaw (for exposed applications) All methods 4.3.7 Durability None Exposure classes Drying shrinkage (in end use conditions and only for lightweight concrete) All methods 4.2.2.3 Drying shrinkage None mm/m The manufacturer or his authorized representative in the EEA shall select for CE marking the declaration method(s) he applies among the followings: Method 1 = declaration of geometrical data and material properties (see ZA.3.2); Method 2 = declaration of geometry, material properties and product properties determined following this standard and EN Eurocodes (see ZA.3.3); Method 3 = declaration of product compliance with a given design specification distinguishing: Method 3a = declaration of product compliance with a given design specification provided by the client (ZA.3.4); Method 3b = declaration of product compliance with a given design specification provided by the manufacturer according to the client's order (ZA.3.5). The requirement on a certain characteristic is not applicable in those Member States (MSs) where there are no regulatory requirements for that characteristic for the intended use of the product. In this case, manufacturers placing their products on the market of these MSs are not obliged to determine nor to declare the performance of their products with regard to this characteristic and the option “No performance determined” (NPD) in the information accompanying the CE marking (see ZA.3) may be used. The NPD option may not be used, however, where the characteristic is subject t
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