EN 894-4:2010

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2010
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Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators - Part 4: Location and arrangement of displays and control actuators
Sicherheit von Maschinen - Ergonomische Anforderungen an die Gestaltung von
Anzeigen und Stellteilen - Teil 4: Lage und Anordnung von Anzeigen und Stellteilen
Sécurité des machines - Spécifications ergonomiques pour la conception des dispositifs
de signalisation et organes de service - Partie 4: Agencement et arrangement des
dispositifs de signalisation et organes de service
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 894-4:2010
ICS:
13.110 Varnost strojev Safety of machinery
13.180 Ergonomija Ergonomics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 894-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2010
ICS 13.110; 13.180
English Version
Safety of machinery - Ergonomics requirements for the design of
displays and control actuators - Part 4: Location and
arrangement of displays and control actuators
Sécurité des machines - Spécifications ergonomiques pour Sicherheit von Maschinen - Ergonomische Anforderungen
la conception des dispositifs de signalisation et organes de an die Gestaltung von Anzeigen und Stellteilen - Teil 4:
service - Partie 4: Agencement et arrangement des Lage und Anordnung von Anzeigen und Stellteilen
dispositifs de signalisation et organes de service
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 May 2010.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 894-4:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Principles for location and arrangement of displays and control actuators .6
5 Phases and steps for location and arrangement of displays and control actuators .8
5.1 Phase 1 – Evaluation of task/activities and information collection .8
5.1.1 Step 1.1 – Define tasks and functions .8
5.1.2 Step 1.2 – Determine the operators' relevant physical and cognitive characteristics .8
5.2 Phase 2 – Evaluation of task requirements and constraints .8
5.2.1 Step 2.1 – List of displays and control actuators .8
5.2.2 Step 2.2 – Determine general priorities .8
5.2.3 Step 2.3 – Define operators' work postures .9
5.2.4 Step 2.4 – Define space constraints .9
5.2.5 Step 2.5 – Define and analyse information flows . 10
5.3 Phase 3 – Location of displays and control actuators . 10
5.3.1 Step 3.1 – Identify location of zones within fields of vision and actuation areas for primary
and secondary elements . 10
5.3.2 Step 3.2 – Specify location of consoles and panels . 13
5.3.3 Step 3.3 – Locate displays and control actuators on consoles and panels according to
priorities and constraints . 14
5.4 Phase 4 – Arrangement of displays and control actuators − principles and applications . 17
5.4.1 General . 17
5.4.2 Step 4.1 – Arrange displays and control actuators among themselves – Grouping . 18
5.4.3 Step 4.2 − Ensuring Compatibility . 26
5.4.4 Step 4.3 − Ensuring integration of the system . 32
5.5 Phase 5 – Implementation and evaluation . 33
5.5.1 General . 33
5.5.2 Steps for carrying out an evaluation . 33
Annex A (informative) Dimensions for sitting and standing consoles . 35
Annex B (informative) Coding Methods . 39
Annex C (informative) Suitability of Colour Combinations . 42
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 43
Bibliography . 44

Foreword
This document (EN 894-4:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 122 “Ergonomics”, the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by December 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard in the sense of the Machinery
Directive and the associated EFTA regulations.
This document is a type B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The provisions of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type C standard.
NOTE For machines which are covered by the scope of a type C standard and which have been designed and built
according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type C standard take precedence over the provisions of
this type B standard.
1 Scope
This European Standard contains ergonomic requirements for the location and arrangement of displays and
control actuators in order to avoid hazards associated with their use.
This European Standard applies to displays and control actuators for machinery and other interactive
equipment (e.g. devices and installations, instrument panels, control and monitoring consoles).
This European Standard is not applicable to the location and arrangement of displays and control actuators
which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 614-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomic design principles — Part 1: Terminology and general principles
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 894-3, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 3: Control actuators
EN ISO 9241-11, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) — Part 11:
Guidance on usability (ISO 9241-11:1998)
EN ISO 9241-110, Ergonomics of the human-system interaction — Part 110: Dialogue principles
(ISO 9241-110:2006)
EN ISO 12100-1:2003 Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic
terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following
apply.
3.1
control/display ratio
C/D ratio
ratio of the movement of a control actuator to that of an associated element, display or controlled object
3.2
elements
generic term for displays and control actuators on consoles and panels
3.3
primary element
element frequently used for direct operation and monitoring of the system which includes safety and
emergency related elements
3.4
secondary element
element not frequently used for the direct operation of a system
EXAMPLE The time and duration of use can be freely selected.
3.5
grouping
arrangement of several elements of a system in such a way that they appear to be associated functionally
3.6
coding
procedure within the design process by which categories of information (e.g. form, colour, etc.) are allocated
to elements for the purpose of reliable identification
3.7
arrangement
way of combining or separating displays and control actuators relative to their function, task and/or location
3.8
surface
surface on which elements are positioned and arranged, considering task priorities, information flows, and
space constraints
4 Principles for location and arrangement of displays and control actuators
The location and arrangement of displays and control actuators are intended to ensure the general reliability,
safety and efficiency of the human-machine system. The most important tasks of the operator are to monitor,
control and ensure continuous availability of the technical system and the interaction of its elements. This shall
place the operator in a position to fulfil the following functions correctly and on time without becoming
overtaxed:
 to perceive the current tasks;
 to control the operation;
 to select and/or develop suitable action strategies.
Basic principles for human machine interaction are given in EN 894-1.
The following describes a design procedure that will assist designers and manufacturers in complying with the
requirements in this standard. It consists of six main phases, each of which contains several more detailed
steps. These steps should be carried out iteratively until the requirements are met. The procedure is illustrated
in Figure 1. In Phase 0 the initial information about the overall purpose, design goals and roles of the
operators (see EN 894-1) is assembled.
SIST EN 894
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