FprEN 15877-2

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Železniške naprave - Oznake na železniških vozilih - 2. del: Zunanje oznake na
potniških vagonih, motornih garniturah, lokomotivah in težki tirni mehanizaciji za
gradnjo in vzdrževanje
Railway applications - Markings of railway vehicles - Part 2: External markings on
coaches, motive power units, locomotives and railbound construction and maintenance
machines
Bahnanwendungen - Kennzeichnungen von Schienenfahrzeugen - Teil 2:
Außenanschriften an Reisezugwagen, Triebfahrzeugeinheiten, Lokomotiven und
schienengebundenen Bau- und Instandhaltungsmaschinen
Applications ferroviaires - Inscriptions pour véhicules ferroviaires - Partie 2: Inscriptions
extérieures sur voitures voyageurs, éléments automoteurs, locomotives et engins de
travaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 15877-2
ICS:
01.075 Simboli za znake Character symbols
45.060.20 Železniški vagoni Trailing stock
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 15877-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2025
ICS 45.060.20 Will supersede EN 15877-2:2013
English Version
Railway applications - Markings of railway vehicles - Part
2: External markings on coaches, motive power units,
locomotives and railbound construction and maintenance
machines
Applications ferroviaires - Inscriptions pour véhicules Bahnanwendungen - Kennzeichnungen von
ferroviaires - Partie 2: Inscriptions extérieures sur Schienenfahrzeugen - Teil 2: Außenanschriften an
voitures voyageurs, éléments automoteurs, Reisezugwagen, Triebfahrzeugeinheiten, Lokomotiven
locomotives et engins de travaux und schienengebundenen Bau- und
Instandhaltungsmaschinen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15877-2:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
3.2 Abbreviated terms . 7
4 Markings . 8
4.1 General principles . 8
4.2 Colour . 10
4.3 Positioning . 10
4.4 Details of rail vehicle markings . 19
4.4.1 General. 19
4.4.2 European vehicle number (EVN) . 19
4.4.3 Main markings . 21
4.4.4 Brake markings . 31
4.4.5 Restriction markings . 50
4.4.6 Electrical hazard markings . 52
4.4.7 Electrical equipment markings . 55
4.4.8 Traffic markings . 61
4.4.9 Other markings . 62
4.4.10 Special painting . 75
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of Directive (EU) 2016/797 aimed to be covered . 76
Bibliography . 78

prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 15877-2:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 15877-2:2013.
prEN 15877-2:2024 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to
EN 15877-2:2013:
— normative references have been updated
— document has been newly structured and editorially revised;
— markings have been revised and coloured;
— new markings have been added; Figure 1, Figures 5 to 7, Figure 20, Figure 21, Figure 23 b),
Figure 26, Figure 28 c), Figure 28 d), Figure 29 b), Figure 30 b), Figure 41 b), Figure 42 b),
Figure 42 c), Figure 44, Figures 47 to 50, Figure 52 a), Figure 52 b), Figure 53, Figure 59 a),
Figure 59 b), Figure 60 c), Figure 65 b), Figures 66 to 67, Figure 68 b), Figure 69 c), Figure 74 to 79;
— new Table 2 and Table 3 have been added;
— unused markings have been deleted: former Figure 4, Figure 10, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 22 b),
Figure 34, Figure 35, Figure 36, Figure 39, Figure 42, Figure 62, Figure 65;
— Annex ZA has been updated;
— Bibliography has been updated.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Introduction
This document describes standardized external markings for use on heavy rail coaches, motive power
units, locomotives and railbound construction and maintenance machines. These markings are used to
provide various items of information relating to the characteristics and intended use of rail vehicles in a
clear and concise manner. Among those markings are safety signs used to alert equipment operators to
hazards that can be encountered in the use or maintenance of the rail vehicles.
In addition to the markings shown in this document, there might be other markings and text applied to
external markings used on rail vehicles, e.g. instructions and warnings concerning the use of equipment.
Such additional markings are not in contravention of this document provided they do not interfere with
or affect the markings in the document.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the external markings on heavy rail vehicles including heavy rail railbound
construction and maintenance machines but except freight wagons relating to their technical and
operational characteristics.
This document specifies the characteristics of these markings, the requirements pertaining to their
presentation, their shape and position on a rail vehicle and their meaning.
Some markings are accompanied with note(s) where appropriate.
Service markings relating to passenger information are not addressed by this document.
The document is applicable to all heavy rail coaches, motive power units, locomotives and railbound
construction and maintenance machines operating within the European Union, the European Free Trade
Association Member States and States which are member of OTIF (Intergovernmental Organization for
International Carriage by Rail).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14198:2016+A2:2021, Railway applications - Braking - Requirements for the brake system of trains
hauled by locomotives
EN 15179:2007, Railway applications - Braking - Requirements for the brake system of coaches
EN 15663:2017+A1:2018, Railway applications — Vehicle reference masses
EN 15273-2:2013+A1:2016, Railway applications — Gauges — Part 2: Rolling Stock
EN 16834:2019, Railway applications - Braking - Brake performance
EN 17343:2023, Railway applications - General terms and definitions
EN ISO 7010:2020, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Registered safety signs (ISO
7010:2019, Corrected version 2020-06)
ISO 3864-4:2011, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 4: Colorimetric and
photometric properties of safety sign materials

The document is currently being amended. Current stage: EN 15663:2017+A1:2018/FprA2:2024.
The document is currently under revision. Current stage: prEN 15273-2:2023.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 17343:2023 and the following
apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1.1
decal
picture or design printed on special material for the purpose of adherence to a rail vehicle
3.1.2
light reflectance value
LRV
total quantity of visible light that is reflected by a surface at all wavelengths and directions when
illuminated by a light source, or proportion of visible light reflected by a surface, weighted for the
sensitivity to light of the human eye
Note 1 to entry: This is equivalent to CIE Tristimulus Y10 when viewed under Illuminant D65 and when measured
with the appropriate specimen and measurement geometry. Further details of the CIE Tristimulus values are given
in CIE 15:2004 and further details of the measurement of reflection are given in CIE 130:1998.
3.1.3
contrast
K
perception of a difference visually between one surface or element of a rail vehicle and another by
reference to their light reflectance values (LRV)
Note 1 to entry: When applying colour to two adjacent surfaces, to provide sufficient contrast, the contrast between
the colours will be determined by the light reflectance value.
Note 2 to entry: For the purposes of this standard, “contrast” will be assessed by the diffused light reflectance value.
Note 3 to entry: Contrast by the diffused light reflectance value’ will mean contrast of surfaces described in the
following formula:
LL−
( )
0 h
K=
LL+
0h
where
K is the contrast;
is the diffused light reflectance value of the object;
L0
L is the diffused light reflectance value of the background or adjacent surface.
h
3.1.4
marking
lettering or symbols applied to a rail vehicle by means of decals, hand painting or by another agreed
method with the purpose of providing information concerning the rail vehicle retro-reflecting material
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
3.1.5
stencil
template for the required lettering
3.1.6
motive power unit
self-propelled unit capable of carrying passengers and/or luggage/mail
3.2 Abbreviated terms
Term Definition
ATMF COTIF (Admission procedures), Appendix G
CIE International Commission on Illumination, Vienna, Austria. http://www.cie.co.at
COTIF Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail (COTIF) in the version of the
Protocol of Modification of 3 June 1999
EBO Emergency Brake Override
ECM Entity in Charge of Maintenance
ep Electropneumatic brake
ERA European Railway Agency
EVN European Vehicle Number
Error! B
MND Design mass under normal payload in accordance with EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
ookmark not defined.
Error! B
MVO Operational mass in working order in accordance with EN 15663:2017+A1:2018
ookmark not defined.
OTIF Intergovernmental Organization for International Carriage by Rail
PAS Passenger Alarm System
RAL Colour standardization system of the German Institute for Quality Assurance and
Certification
RIC Agreement governing the exchange and use of coaches in international traffic
(Regolamento Internationale delle Carrozze)
TSI Technical Specification for Interoperability: the specifications by which each subsystem
or part subsystem is covered in order to meet the essential requirements and ensure the
interoperability of the trans-European rail system
TEN Trans European Network
UIC International Union of Railways
VKM Vehicle Keeper Marking
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
4 Markings
4.1 General principles
4.1.1 The markings and the content of information are as given in 4.4.
Where a marking is specified in this document other markings indicating the same function/facility shall
not be applied.
4.1.2 A marking shall be located on the rail vehicle at a position easily visible by staff standing and
presented in a way clearly understandable to persons concerned. If the marking is intended to be read by
a person standing at ground level, it should not be located at a level higher than 2 000 mm above the
running surface.
For the assessment of the location criteria, the ground level should not be lower than 200 mm below the
running surface. In accordance with anthropometric data, the eye level of the reading person should not
be less than 1 500 mm
The visibility shall also be ensured if the marking needs to be read from a position other than ground
level or if it is placed on a non-vertical surface. Hazard markings, e.g. the warning marking for live
catenary, shall be located in such a position that they can be seen before the hazard zone is actually
reached.
4.1.3 Advertising, designs or other text or pictures not relating to markings applied to a rail vehicle
shall not affect the visibility and the clear and unambiguous understanding of the marking. Such
advertising or markings shall not encroach within 100 mm of the markings defined in this document.
In this case, a border of minimum 100 mm shall be placed around each marking or composition of
markings; these borders shall have a “neutral” colour or be the colour which accentuates the marking.
For all required markings, where there is not sufficient contrast between marking and background, the
marking shall have a contrasting frame of at least 5 mm.
Figure 1 shows examples of markings that due to sufficient contrast can stand alone and others which
need a frame to stick out from their background.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Background with sufficient contrast b) Markings with contrasting frame due to
background
Key
1 background with sufficient contrast
2 background without sufficient contrast
3 contrasting frame (≥5 mm)
Figure 1 — Examples of markings with/without sufficient background contrast
4.1.4 Unless otherwise indicated in the figures, the markings shall be placed on both sides of the rail
vehicle.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
4.1.5 A marking shall ensure durable, non-degraded marking for a period of at least 6 years under a
temperature range of −40 °C to +90 °C. It shall be weather-resistant and resistant to cleaning agents, high
pressure water or air cleaning and cleaning machines with brushes.
4.1.6 Markings shall use Latin characters and Arabic numerals. The font shall be non-italic, sans serif
and of a type such as Univers 67, Helvetica or Arial.
4.1.7 The distances between value and unit shall be clearly separated by space.
NOTE See EN ISO 80000-1:2022, e.g. 7.1.4.
4.1.8 The dimensions indicated in this document may have a tolerance of plus or minus 10 % when the
marking is hand produced.
4.2 Colour
4.2.1 Colours used shall correspond to ISO 3864-4:2011 (see Annex A of this document).
4.2.2 Unless otherwise indicated in the figures of this document, the colours need not be made of retro-
reflecting material.
4.2.3 The luminance contrast k shall correspond to ISO 3864-4:2011.
4.2.4 If there is no extra colour specification (e.g. yellow, green) indicated with the specification of a
marking, the colour of the informative part (the symbol, letters/numbers, borders and lines) shall be
black on a light uniform background or white on a dark background. The background for decals, stencils
and painted markings may be transparent and thereby represented by the colour of the material on which
the marking is placed, i.e. the bodyside of the rail vehicle. In any case, when a part of the marking is
indicated to be the rail vehicle colour background, the requirement to the luminance contrast shall be
met.
4.3 Positioning
Markings should be positioned in accordance with Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4. The list of markings is
contained in Table 1 and their position and meaning described in 4.4. Not all markings can be
accommodated in the figures. If no specific position for a marking is prescribed in 4.5, the following
general rules shall be followed.
A marking indicating a lever, a button, a nozzle, an indicator, hidden equipment or a point for action (e.g.
a lifting point) shall be located next to that item (normally above, beneath or on the cover concealing the
item) and may not lead to any misunderstanding or confusion.

prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Side view
b) Marking details “X” and “Y”

c) Front view
Key
See Table 1.
Figure 2 — Positioning of markings for leading/trailing vehicles of fixed formations or motive power units
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Side view
b) Marking detail “Z”
c) Front view
Key
See Table 1.
Figure 3 — Positioning of markings for coaches
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Side view
b) Front view
Key
See Table 1.
Figure 4 — Positioning of markings for locomotives
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Table 1 shows the list of markings positioned in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 and their applicability.
Table 1 — List of markings
Position Marking title Locomo Figure N
Fixed formation Coaches
number tives o.
All vehicles End vehicles only
European
1 Vehicle Number O — — O 6
(EVN)
European
Vehicle Number
2 — — O — 7
(EVN) for
coaches
Operational
3 — C O — 8
mass for coaches
Design mass in
4 — O — O 9
working order
Length over
5 — O O O 10
buffers
6 Gauge Marking — O O O 11
Table of
7 maintenance — C C C 12
dates
Lifting and
8 O — O O 13
jacking points
Distance of bogie
9 pivots or end O — O O 14
axles
Minimum curve
10 — O O O 15
radius
Maximum ramp
11 — O O O 16
angle
Vehicles not
authorized to
12 — C C C 17
negotiate all
shunting humps
Marking of R R
13 wheelset R — 18
diameter
Wheelset
14 O — O O 19
number
Numbering of
15 O — O O 20
bogie
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Position Marking title Locomo Figure N
Fixed formation Coaches
number tives o.
All vehicles End vehicles only
Numbering of
16 — R — O 21
driver's cab
17 Type of brake — O O O 23
Braked weights
18 — — O — 26
for coaches
Braked weights
for fixed — O — — 27
formations
Braked weights
19 table for — — — O 28
locomotives
Hand brake
20 C — C C 29 a)
Parking brake
21 — — C C 29 b)
force
Warning
22 C — C C 51
electricity
Warning:
23 overhead power C — C C 52
line
Appropriate
24 power systems — — — O 53
of a locomotive
Provision of
auxiliary electric
25 — — O — 54
power for
coaches
Location of
26 C — O O 56
batteries
Position of land
27 base electrical C — C O 59
power supply
Interoperability
28 — O O O 60
marking table
Automatic
29 — — R C 67
coupler
Control of nose
30 doors or — C — — 68
coupling shield
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Position Marking title Locomo Figure N
Fixed formation Coaches
number tives o.
All vehicles End vehicles only
Filling point for
31 C — — O 72
sandbox
O = Shall always be applied (obligatory).
R = Recommended.
C = Shall be applied if the conditions apply or if the vehicle has the function (conditional).
Table 2 shows the list of markings without pre-defined position (i.e. not indicated as separate position
numbers in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4).
Table 2 — List of markings not included in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4
Fixed formations and motive Locomo Figure N
Marking title Coaches
power units tives o.
All vehicles End vehicles only
Marking of home depot — C C C 22
Marking for changeover
device with several positions C — C — 24
of brake mode “P”
Marking for changeover
devices with several brake C — C — 25
positions
Marking for the spring-
C — C O 30 a)
applied parking brake
Marking for the spring-
— O C O 30 b)
applied parking brake
Position of handle/device for
releasing the spring-applied C — C O 31
parking brake
Position of hand brake ON-
— — C C 32
OFF-indicator
Position of air brake ON-OFF-
C — C C 33
indicator
High power R-braking
— C C C 34
system
Disc brakes — C C C 35
Composite brake blocks — — C C 36
Medium friction composite
— — C C 37
brake blocks (L)
Low friction composite brake
— — C C 38
blocks (LL)
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Fixed formations and motive Locomo Figure N
Marking title Coaches
power units tives o.
All vehicles End vehicles only
Ep-brake (ep-control line
— C C C 39
using 4 conductors)
Ep-brake (ep control line
— C C C 40
with 9 conductors)
Ep-brake with emergency
brake override/passenger
— C C C 41
alarm system (ep control line
with 9 conductors)
Electro-pneumatic
emergency brake
— C C C 42
override/passenger alarm
system
Ep-brake (ep-control line
— C C C 43
with 18 conductors)
EBO-system — C — — 44
Bogie brake isolation cock C — C C 45
Restriction “Don't run this
wagon on a track with — C C — 46
retarders”
“No open flame; Fire, open
ignition source and smoking C — — C 47
prohibited “
“Do not walk or stand here“ C — C C 48
“Warning! Flammable
C — — C 49
material“
“Warning! Crushing of
a a a a
— — — — 50
hands“
Broadcasting, remote control
— — C — 55
and train-bus equipment
Position of battery isolation
C — C C 57
switch
“Connect an earth terminal to
C — C C 58
the ground”
Filling and draining devices
C — C — 61
for sanitary water supply
Discharge point for sealed
C — C — 62
toilet systems
Pressure tightness of the rail
— C C — 63
vehicle
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Fixed formations and motive Locomo Figure N
Marking title Coaches
power units tives o.
All vehicles End vehicles only
Pressure tightness of rail
vehicles with sealed toilet — C C — 64
systems
Pneumatic spring suspension
C — C C 65
isolating
Pneumatic spring
C — C C 66
depressurisation
Place of emergency coupler C — — — 69
Position of non-visible stop
C — C C 70
cock
Fuel filling point C — — C 71
Marking of button for
C — — C 73
sanding test
Windscreen wash water
— C — C 74
filling point
Non-visible lashing point for
— — C — 75
train ferry
Marking of flange lubricant’s
— C — C 76
filling point
Marking of test button for
— C — C 77
flange lubrication
Position of land base
C — — C 78
pneumatic power supply
Maximum towing speed — C — C 79
O = Obligatory (if fitted with the particular function).
R = Recommended.
C = Conditional (to be applied when design or operating conditions apply).
a
This marking is obligatory when the operating conditions apply, e.g. for railbound construction and
maintenance machines.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
4.4 Details of rail vehicle markings
4.4.1 General
The markings in this document are exemplarily displayed in Univers 67.
Where inscriptions are based on existing, measured or particularly defined values, these values in the
figures are substituted by placeholders as shown in Figure 5.
— For digits the placeholders are shown as oval forms (“zeros”) with dashed lines.
— For letters the placeholders are shown as rectangles with dashed lines.
— For words, letter-combinations or sentences the placeholders are shown as rectangles with dot and
dash lines.
They shall be replaced by the correct elements, e.g. designated or calculated values.
For different inscriptions, when there is no sufficient space, it is possible to use a narrow type of the
chosen font with a width of B1/B = 0,84.

Key
1 placeholder for digit (dimension B is placed on digit “0” depending on the chosen font; i.e. B of font
“Univers 67” is 0,56*H)
is 0,84*B)
2 placeholder for narrow digit (dimension B1
3 placeholder for letter with height H
4 placeholder for words or sentences with height H2
Figure 5 — Type of placeholders in this document
4.4.2 European vehicle number (EVN)
The vehicle number lettering shall be at least 80 mm.
The EVN shall be applied to each sidewall of the rail vehicle as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.
The EVN is in accordance with the EU regulations TSI OPE 2019/773/EU, Appendix H.
Figure 6 shows the EVN-layout for motive power units, locomotives and fixed formations.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Dimensions
b) Example
Key
1 interoperability code (1st and 2nd digit)
2 numerical country code in which the rail vehicle is registered in accordance with TSI OPE 2019/773/EU,
Appendix H (3rd and 4th digit)
3 principal technical characteristics (5th to 8th digit)
4 generic number of the rail vehicle in its registration series (9th to 11th digit)
5 check digit (12th digit)
6 alphabetical country code of Member State where the rail vehicle is registered (digit-code see TSI OPE)
7 VKM (see Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1614, Appendix 6, Part 4)
NOTE The width “=” is the standard width of digit “0” and depends on the chosen letter font.
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in the middle on each sidewall as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4.
Figure 6 — Vehicle number for motive power units, locomotives and fixed formations
Figure 7 shows the EVN layout for coaches.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Dimensions
b) Example
Key
1 interoperability code (1st and 2nd digit)
2 numerical country code in which the rail vehicle is registered in accordance with TSI OPE 2019/773/EU,
Appendix H (3rd and 4th digit)
3 principal technical characteristics-vehicle type (5th to 6th digit)
4 principal technical characteristics-max. speed ant type of heating (7th to 8th digit)
5 generic number of the rail vehicle in its registration series (9th to 11th digit)
6 check digit (12th digit)
7 alphabetical country code of Member State where the rail vehicle is registered (digit-code see TSI OPE)
8 VKM (see Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1614, Appendix 6, Part 4)
9 place for non-mandatory additional marking of the keeper
NOTE The width “=” is the standard width of digit “0” and depends on the chosen letter font.
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in the middle on each sidewall as shown in Figure 3.
Figure 7 — Vehicle number for coaches
4.4.3 Main markings
For definitions of vehicle weights and masses see EN 15663.
Figure 8 shows the indication of the operational mass for coaches, vans and car carriers.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Dimensions
b) Example two-class coach
Key
1 operational mass in working order (MVO)
2 operational mass under normal payload (MNO)
3 placeholder for number of seats (Pl = places as mentioned in the approved weight calculation and/or
normal operational payload (PNO) in t) in particular:
uni-class coach (optional): number of seats in this coach
two-class coach (optional): number of seats in different classes
see example in Figure 8 b): 25 seats in 1st class, 46 seats in 2nd
class
van (optional): normal operational payload (PNO)
coach with baggage compartment number of seats/normal operational payload (PNO)
(optional):
car carrier only values for MVO and MNO (lower box can therefore be
eliminated)
Position:
The marking shall be positioned low down on the centre of the body side in proximity to the brake
markings.
The marking is optional for fixed formations. If used, the marking shall be positioned once on both sides
and near to the main brake marking, see Figure 23.
The indicated number of seats shall be identical with the mass calculation.
Figure 8 — Operational mass for coaches, vans and car carriers
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Figure 9 shows the indication of the design mass in working order (MVD) for locomotives and fixed
Error! Bookmark not defined.
formations as specified in EN 15663:2017+A1:2018 .
Dimensions in millimetres
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in proximity to the brake markings.
Figure 9 — Design mass in working order for locomotives and fixed formation
Figure 10 shows the inscription for the overall length over uncompressed buffers or between couplers
(if the rail vehicle is fitted with automatic couplers) of a vehicle or a fixed formation.
Dimensions in millimetres
For a length ≥ 100 m, add an extra leading digit and increase the width so that the required space of
18 mm is fulfilled.
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in accordance with Figure 2 to Figure 4.
Figure 10 — Length over buffers
Figure 11 a) indicates the kinematic reference contour of the rail vehicle as requested in the TSI LOC PAS
and OTIF regulations.
Figure 11 b) is used when the gauge is different from G1 or GA or GB or GC.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) General
b) Special
Key
1 classification of kinematic gauge in accordance with EN 15273-2:2013+A1:2016 (G1, GA, GB or GC) as
requested in the Rolling Stock TSIs and OTIF regulations
2 kinematic reference contour for the superstructure (upper part) of the rail vehicle.
3 kinematic reference contour for the lower area of the wagon (area ≤ 400 mm from top of rail)
4 element in accordance with EN ISO 7010:2020 (warning sign (W001))
Position:
At each corner at the vehicle ends.
Figure 11 — Gauge marking
Figure 12 shows as an option the revision table which indicates the identification mark of the workshop,
the overhaul period and the date of the last revision.
All revision tables in the following figures are examples. Only indicated measurements and positions are
required for modular layout of different tables.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
When the side wall does not provide sufficient surface area for the preferred layout the markings shall
be applied as shown in the alternative layout.
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Preferred layout
b) Alternative layout
Key
1 maintenance validity period in years, if no preventive maintenance is applied (optional)
2 identification mark of the workshop that produced the rail vehicle or carried out the maintenance work
3 date of last revision (day, month, year)
The marking is optional for ECMs equipped with a computerized maintenance management system.
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in accordance with Figure 2 to Figure 4.
If used on fixed formations, it should be marked on each vehicle.
Figure 12 — Table of maintenance dates
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Figure 13 shows the marking indicating where to place jacks, lifting devices etc., in order to lift or rerail
the whole of the rail vehicle:
— Figure 13 a): 4-point simultaneous lifting without running gear;
— Figure 13 b): 4-point simultaneous lifting and/or re-railing with or without running gear;
— Figure 13 c): 1-point lifting or 2-point simultaneous lifting and/or re-railing with or without running
gear from a single end of a rail vehicle;
— Figure 13 d): 1-point lifting or 2-point simultaneous lifting without running gear from the single end
of a rail vehicle.
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Without running gear b) With or without running gear

c) Rerailing with running gear d) Rerailing without running gear
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on the designated points.
Figure 13 — Lifting and jacking points
Figure 14 indicates the distance between
— bogie pivots,
— outer axles of each bogie,
— end axles of rail vehicles without bogies.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in accordance with Figure 2 to Figure 4.
Figure 14 — Distance of bogie pivots or end axles
The marking in Figure 15 shows the minimum curve radius which can be negotiated by the rail vehicle.
Dimensions in millimetres
Position:
The marking shall be positioned in accordance with Figure 2 to Figure 4.
Figure 15 — Minimum curve radius
Figure 16 indicates the maximum ramp angle. This marking shall be used for all rail vehicles which are
only able to negotiate a ramp angle of less than 2°30′ when running onto/off ferries.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on each side of the rail vehicle adjacent to the other markings for
operating restrictions and in accordance with Figure 2 to Figure 4.
Figure 16 — Maximum ramp angle
The marking of Figure 17 is mandatory for vehicles which by reason of their design are liable to sustain
damage when crossing shunting humps with a vertical radius of ≤ 250 m. The value marked indicates the
smallest vertical curve radius that the wagon can negotiate.
Dimensions in millimetres
When the sign is shown without any dimension value at all then the rail vehicle shall not be hump shunted
in any event.
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on each side of the rail vehicle adjacent to the other markings for
operating restrictions.
Figure 17 — Rail vehicles not authorized to negotiate all shunting humps
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
The marking in Figure 18 indicates that on certain rail vehicles the maximum/minimum diameter of the
wheels can be given to enable compliance with dimension limits, for example buffer height.
Dimensions in millimetres
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on both sides of the rail vehicle on the solebar above the wheelset or the
bogie frame.
Figure 18 — Marking of wheelset diameter
Figure 19 shows two examples for numbering of wheelsets. The wheelsets numbers shall be with a height
of minimum 50 mm. The numbering improves the identification of axle position.
Each wheel shall be designated with either L or R for left and right respectively. If applicable, the
numbering shall start at vehicle end 1.

a) Fixed formation
b) Train set
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on each side of the rail vehicle above each axle.
Figure 19 — Wheelset number
Figure 20 shows the marking for numbering of bogie.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 bogie marking with letters or numbers
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on each side of the rail vehicle near to the bogie or on the bogie frame
itself.
Figure 20 — Numbering of bogie
Figure 21 shows an example for numbering of driver's cabs. The driver's cab numbers shall be with a
height of minimum 80 mm. The numbering improves the identification of driver's cab position.
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
1 driver's cab number
2 wheelset number (see Figure 18)
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on each driver's cab's door or beneath their side window.
Figure 21 — Numbering of driver's cab
Figure 22 shows two examples for marking of the home depot.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Example 1 b) Example 2
NOTE The name of the home depot can be given by the full name, a code variation or an abbreviation.
Position:
The marking shall be positioned on each side of the rail vehicle.
Figure 22 — Examples for marking of home depot
4.4.4 Brake markings
4.4.4.1 General brake markings
Figure 23 shows two examples for the indication of the type of brake in accordance with Table 3, Table 4
and Table 5. Figure 23 a) shows an example for coaches and locomotives. Figure 23 b) shows an example
for fixed formations.
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Example for coaches and locomotives

b) Example for fixed formation
Key
1 high power R brake system (Figure 34 a))
2 indication (abbreviation) of brake system type (see Table 3)
3 additional abbreviation letters (see Table 6)

4 brake positions of air brake (see Table 4)
5 additional brake related information (see Table 5)
6 rail vehicle is fitted with disc brakes (Figure 35)
7 rail vehicle is fitted with an EBO system controlled by a remote control line (Figure 44)
8 rail vehicle is fitted with an ep brake controlled by a remote control line system (Figure 43)
Position:
For coaches and locomotives, the marking shall be positioned low down on the centre of the vehicle on
both sides and for fixed formations on the right-hand side on the centre of each end vehicle. In special
cases of fixed formations (e.g. extraordinary length) the marking can be placed on both sides of the end
vehicle.
Figure 23 — Type of brake
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
4.4.4.2 Examples of abbreviations for types of air brakes
Table 3 — Inscriptions denoting the brake system type
Type of brake system Abbreviation
Bozic Bo
Breda Bd
Charmilles Ch
Dako DK
Davies and Metcalfe, Distributor DMD 3 DM
Drolshammer Dr
a)
Faiveley Transport Brake with computer control FT C
Hildebrand-Knorr Hik
Knorr-Bremse, type KE- 483 KE – 483
Knorr-Bremse, type KE KE
a)
Knorr-Bremse with computer control KB C
Kunze-Knorr Kk
MZT HEPOS, distributor MH 3f MH
a
Mannesmann Rexroth Bremse with computer control MRP C
Oerlikon O
SAB-WABCO, type SW 4, SW 4C or SW 4/3 SW
Westinghouse, type E WE
Westinghouse-Brake, type U WU
Westinghouse-Brake, type A WA
a
Additional abbreviation letters shall be added, if the rail vehicle is equipped with a separate brake system
which is independent from the computer controlled brake system.
Table 4 — Brake position
Brake position Abbreviation
Freight G
Passenger P
High power brake R
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Table 5 — Additional brake related information
Additional information Abbreviation
Electro-dynamic brake E
Hydro-dynamic brake H
Automatic load-proportional brake system A
Motor brake M
Magnetic track brake Mg
Additional brake mZ
Eddy current brake WB
Table 6— Additional abbreviations in addition to computer-controlled brake systems
Additional information Abbreviation
Electric train control line as emergency brake loop (related to the el
main brake system as mentioned in Figure 23, key 2)
Additional UIC-compatible fallback brake system pn
Additional UIC compliant fallback brake system See Table 3
prEN 15877-2:2025 (E)
4.4.4.3 Marking of changeover devices
The brake positions and the values of the braked weight and of the change
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