EN ISO 14825:2011

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Inteligentni transportni sistemi - Datoteke z geografskimi podatki (GDF) - GDF5.0 (ISO 14825:2011)Intelligente Transportsysteme - Geographische Dateien (GDF) - Gesamtdatenspezifikation (ISO 14825:2011)Systèmes intelligents de transport - Fichiers de données géographiques (GDF) - GDF5.0 (ISO 14825:2011)Intelligent transport systems - Geographic Data Files (GDF) - GDF5.0 (ISO 14825:2011)35.240.70Uporabniške rešitve IT v znanostiIT applications in science07.040Astronomija. Geodezija. GeografijaAstronomy. Geodesy. GeographyICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 14825:2011SIST EN ISO 14825:2011en01-september-2011SIST EN ISO 14825:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN ISO 14825:20041DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN ISO 14825
July 2011 ICS 03.220.01; 35.240.60 Supersedes EN ISO 14825:2004English Version
Intelligent transport systems - Geographic Data Files (GDF) - GDF5.0 (ISO 14825:2011)
Systèmes intelligents de transport - Fichiers de données géographiques (GDF) - GDF5.0 (ISO 14825:2011)
Intelligente Transportsysteme - Geographische Dateien (GDF) - Gesamtdatenspezifikation (ISO/FDIS 14825:2011)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 July 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14825:2011: ESIST EN ISO 14825:2011

Reference numberISO 14825:2011(E)© ISO 2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO14825Second edition2011-07-15Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files (GDF) — GDF5.0 Systèmes intelligents de transport — Fichiers de données géographiques (GDF) — GDF5.0
ISO 14825:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel.
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ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword .vi Introduction.vii 1 Scope.1 2 Normative references.1 3 Terms and definitions.2 3.1 General terms.2 3.2 Mathematical terms.3 3.3 Geodetical terms.4 3.4 GDF terms.6 4 Symbolization and notation elements.9 4.1 GDF symbolizations.9 4.2 UML notation.9 5 Overall conceptual data model.15 5.1 Conceptual data models in GDF.15 5.2 The general data model of GDF.15 5.3 The Attribute model.24 5.4 The Relationship model.27 5.5 Linear referencing.27 5.6 The Feature representation scheme.28 5.7 Time modelling.28 5.8 Data management: organisation of Feature data into Layers and Sections.29 6 Feature Catalogue.33 6.1 Generic specifications.33 6.2 Roads and Ferries.34 6.3 Administrative Areas.51 6.4 Named Areas.59 6.5 Land Cover And Use.63 6.6 Terrain Elevation.93 6.7 Structures.98 6.8 Railways.99 6.9 Waterways.100 6.10 Road Furniture.104 6.11 Services.107 6.12 Public Transport.108 6.13 Linear Referencing Features.112 6.14 Linear Datum Features.114 6.15 General Features.116 7 Attribute Catalogue.118 7.1 Generic specifications.118 7.2 Attributes.166 8 Relationship Catalogue.314 8.1 Generic Specifications.314 8.2 Relationship Types.342 9 Feature representation rules.387 9.1 Generic specifications.387 9.2 Roads and Ferries.403 9.3 Administrative Areas.406 SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 9.4 Named Areas.408 9.5 Land Cover And Use.409 9.6 Terrain Elevation.410 9.7 Structures.410 9.8 Railways.413 9.9 Waterways.414 9.10 Road Furniture.415 9.11 Services.415 9.12 Public Transport.415 9.13 Linear Referencing Features.416 9.14 Linear Datum Features.416 9.15 General Features.417 10 Metadata Catalogue.418 10.1 Generic specification.418 10.2 Headers and terminators.420 10.3 Data Dictionary.436 10.4 Table of Contents.448 10.5 Source Material.453 10.6 Geodetic Parameters.459 10.7 Update Information.468 10.8 General Comment.468 11 Logical Data Structures.469 11.1 Introduction.469 11.2 Logical GDF Album.474 11.3 Datasets.476 11.4 Layers.500 11.5 Sections.501 11.6 Time Domain Syntax.519 11.7 Update Information.530 11.8 Common Data Types.532 12 Media Record Specifications.541 12.1 General specifications.541 12.2 Field specifications.555 12.3 Additional Constraints for Topological Features.598 12.4 Additional Constraints for Non-Explicit Topological Features: Order of Coordinate triplets in Feature Records.599 12.5 Mandatory Records.599 12.6 Record Format Specifications: Global Records.599 12.7 Record Format Specifications: Data Records.650 12.8 Record Format Specifications: Update Information Records.684 13 XML schema specifications.687 13.1 Introduction.687 13.2 Data content.691 13.3 GDF XML schema.693 13.4 Schema GDF_Main.xsd.694 13.5 Schema GDF_data_dict.xsd.758 13.6 Schema GDF_userDefined.xsd.945 14 SQL encoding specifications.950 14.1 SQL design.950 14.2 Data content.953 14.3 Topology Type.978 14.4 Data partitioning.980 14.5 General GDF data.1018 14.6 Features.1022 14.7 Relationships.1059 14.8 Attributes.1063 14.9 Object Referencing.1071 SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v 14.10 Update registry.1074 14.11 Abbreviation.1080 14.12 Entity/Table indexes.1081 14.13 Entity Relationship diagram conventions.1086 14.14 SQL/MM base tables for Topology and Network.1095 Annex A (normative)
Semantic codes.1099 Annex B (informative)
Metadata codes.1127 Annex C (informative)
Services.1165 Annex D (normative)
Syntax for Time Domains.1173 Annex E (normative)
Sectioning GDF Datasets.1195 Annex F (informative)
Rules for the formation of Level 2 Features from Roads and Ferries.1198 Annex G (informative)
Geopolitical Structure examples.1208 Annex H (informative)
Specification of possible use of notation and phonetic Attributes for character strings.1226 Bibliography.1229
ISO 14825:2011(E) vi © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14825 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14825:2004), which has been technically revised. SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved vii Introduction By the late 1980s, producers and users of digital road map data became increasingly aware of the need for a common data interchange standard. Lack of such a standard was seen as an impediment to the commercial growth and success of industries using such data. Before the advent of the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) industry, development of spatial data interchange standards was done mostly on a regional basis and not designed for the specialised requirements of road-transport-related applications. The establishment of ISO/TC 204 in 1993 sought to remedy the lack of international standards for ITS. The technical committee is divided into 16 working groups. Working Group 3 (WG 3) was charged with the responsibility of developing standards to promote interchangeability of map data and interoperability of systems using map databases. The work of WG 3 started in 1994 with a review of the available regional standards documents, including standards developed by the Japan Digital Road Map Association (JDRMA) and developments in the US that resulted in the Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS). European standardization efforts resulted in a standard called GDF3.0 (Geographic Data Files), which eventually was adopted as the basis for internationalized developments, leading to the publication of GDF4.0 in 2004. In the 1990s, the GDF standard was instrumental in enabling the European business-to-business (B2B) market for in-vehicle navigation in that it provided interoperability for exchanging digital map data between map manufacturers and navigation system integrators. The GDF specifications provided a base for both the capturing of geographic content and the exchanging of it. Its original design foresaw a powerful, application-independent model, while its initial rendition as a standard specifically addressed the requirements for the richness of navigable map databases. Since then, GDF has evolved in terms of boosted data modelling capabilities, broadened international applicability, expanded geographic domains, and diversified exchange formats. As a result, GDF covers a wide range of application domains and has been adapted to many geospatial technologies The current document presents the specification for GDF5.0, resulting from approximately 30 rounds of meetings held between 2001 and 2008 and involving experts from Australia, Canada, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Netherlands, and the United States of America. Extensive activities towards harmonization with ISO/TC 211 standards were undertaken. Major GDF5.0 enhancements include UML model migration and refinements, harmonization with linear referencing and geospatial web standards, support for 3-D content and time coordinates, comprehensive character set and phonetic representations, and new XML- and SQL-based delivery formats. The specification of this International Standard is divided into several parts. After the introductory clauses, the overall conceptual data model is specified. In it, the basic building blocks of GDF and their interrelations are explained. It contains a specification of the different types of topology supported by this International Standard. It furthermore describes how database representations of real world objects, referred to as Features, are defined. It describes the characteristics of Features, called Attributes, and the topological and non-topological interrelations between Features. Finally, it describes the organization of the Features in GDF. Semantically, Features are organized in different Feature Themes. Logically and physically, Features are organized in Sections by area or in Layers by contents. In the Feature Catalogue, the different Features supported by this International Standard are defined. A special case is the Features from the Services Feature Theme. Because the requirements for this Feature Theme are highly market-oriented, the Services Feature Theme does not contain any normative Features, but contains an annex comprising an informative list of service definitions to assist users of this International Standard (see Annex C). In the Attribute Catalogue, the different characteristics of Features, called Attributes, are defined. A usage matrix outlines applicability of Attributes per Feature Theme and per Relationship. SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) viii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved In the Relationship Catalogue, the different non-topological (i.e. semantic) Relationships which Features can have are defined. Relationships can relate Features of different Feature Themes, or those from the same or different Section and/or Layer. In the Feature representation rules, the possible geometrical ways in which the individual Features can be represented are specified for each topology type. This International Standard supports zero-, one- and two-dimensional primitives and up to four-dimensional coordinates. The specification of Features, Attributes and Relationships by no means dictates mandatory inclusion. The actual contents of GDF, apart from a minimum set of metadata elements as specified in the delivery formats, is not specified by this International Standard since this is considered to be an issue between clients and vendors. This International Standard allows the introduction of user-defined Features, Attributes and Relationships. In certain cases, different alternative ways of modelling and representation are offered. Representing Features in different geographical areas also may require the use of different basic representation mechanisms such as character sets, projection systems, etc. It is important that all these individual choices associated with GDF are specified. Furthermore, GDF should essentially be self-contained and be readable without any external specification. In order to make this possible, this International Standard specifies ways of describing GDF by means of metadata, captured by the Metadata Catalogue. Apart from providing a standard for the definition of geographic road databases, this International Standard also specifies mechanisms for data exchange and delivery. In order to facilitate the definition and exchange of data, a logical view of the data organization is important. This logical view is presented in the Logical Data Structures. The data structures are specified using the data description language ESN. Three physical realisations for data exchange and delivery are specified; the Media Record Specifications (ASCII flat file), the XML schema specifications, and the SQL encoding specifications. These specifications support the explicit registration of updated information, thereby allowing map databases to continue to reflect ground truth over time. Features, Attributes and Relationships appear in the physical GDF as codes. These codes are specified in Annex A. Codes used in the metadata are given in Annex B, which is an informative part of this International Standard. In order to access the most up-to-date information, the user is referred to the original source organization. Annex C contains the specification of Features of the theme Services as an informative part of this International Standard. In Annex D, the syntax for specifying temporal aspects of geographic information is described. The specific rules for organizing GDF in different spatial subdivisions (Sections) is described in Annex E. As informative parts of this International Standard, guidelines for the formation of Level 2 Features from the Feature Theme Roads and Ferries are given in Annex F. A list of local Administrative Area names in different countries is provided in Annex G, as well as illustrative examples for the description of the (non-hierarchical) geopolitical structures and their components in a number of countries. Finally, the use of notation and phonetic Attributes for character strings are illustrated in the informative Annex H. Annex H provides a range of examples showing how the different notation- and phoneme-related Attribute properties can be used to qualify name strings, in both their written and their pronounced form. SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 1 Intelligent transport systems — Geographic Data Files (GDF) — GDF5.0 IMPORTANT — The colours represented in the electronic file of this document can be neither viewed on screen nor printed as true representations. For the purposes of colour matching, see ISO 3864-1 which provides colorimetric and photometric properties together with, as a guideline, references from colour order systems. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the conceptual and logical data model and physical encoding formats for geographic databases for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) applications and services. It includes a specification of potential contents of such databases (data dictionaries for Features, Attributes and Relationships), a specification of how these contents shall be represented, and of how relevant information about the database itself can be specified (metadata). The focus of this International Standard is on ITS applications and services and it emphasizes road and road-related information. ITS applications and services, however, also require information in addition to road and road-related information. EXAMPLE 1 ITS applications and services need information about addressing systems in order to specify locations and/or destinations. Consequently, information about the administrative and postal subdivisions of an area is essential. EXAMPLE 2 Map display is an important component of ITS applications and services. For proper map display, the inclusion of contextual information such as land and water cover is essential. EXAMPLE 3 Point-of-Interest (POI) or service information is a key feature of traveller information. It adds value to end-user ITS applications and services. Typical ITS applications and services targeted by this International Standard are in-vehicle or portable navigation systems, traffic management centres, or services linked with road management systems, including the public transport systems. The Conceptual Data Model has a broader focus than ITS applications and services. It is application independent, allowing for future harmonization of this International Standard with other geographic database standards. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 690, Information and documentation — Guidelines for bibliographic references and citations to information resources ISO 3166-1, Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions — Part 1: Country codes. Codes are available at http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49alpha.htm SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) 2 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 cartographic primitive atomic construction element in a cartographic representation, i.e. Node, Edge and Face 3.1.2 data file collection of related data records having a homogeneous structure NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.1.3 data record record containing Feature-related data 3.1.4 global record record that logically precedes the data records and contains control parameters, data definition and documentation necessary to interpret companion data records NOTE See Reference [25]. 3.1.5 Medium Unit object for data storage that can be considered as a physically undivided whole EXAMPLE One floppy disk, one magnetic tape, a CD, or a DVD. 3.1.6 multi-media any kind of data other than conventional data EXAMPLE Graphic, audio or visual data. 3.1.7 Multi-media Object piece of multi-media to be processed by an application EXAMPLE A picture, a text, a movie, or a sound. 3.1.8 repeating Attribute Type Attribute Type that may have multiple values associated to one and the same instance of a particular Feature Class 3.1.9 Spatial Domain description of the limits of a geographical area to which a particular set of data belongs spatially 3.1.10 source material origin of data in analogue or digital representation, stored on any kind of data medium SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 3 3.1.11 topology field of mathematics that deals with characteristics of geometric structures that are preserved after continual variation NOTE See Reference [43]. 3.1.12 transcription rendering of geographic names from a non-alphabetic script into an alphabetic one or vice versa NOTE 1 See Reference [40]. NOTE 2 The term is also applied to initial recording in script of hitherto unwritten names. 3.2 Mathematical terms 3.2.1 Area Feature two-dimensional Feature, defined by one or more Faces 3.2.2 Edge directed sequence of non-intersecting Line Segments with Nodes at each end NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.2.3 enclave small part of an area enclosed by another area, seen from the area to which that part belongs 3.2.4 exclave small part of an area enclosed by another area, seen from the enclosing area 3.2.5 Face two-dimensional element bounded by a closed sequence of Edges and by zero or more sets of non-intersecting closed sequences of Edges within the first sequence of Edges NOTE The Face is the atomic two-dimensional element. 3.2.6 graph set of points and a set of arrows, with each arrow joining one point to another, whereby the points are called Nodes of the graph, and the arrows are called the Edges of the graph NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.2.7 Intermediate Point point, other than a Node, that defines the shape of an Edge 3.2.8 Line Feature one-dimensional Feature defined as a sequence of one or more Edges SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) 4 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 3.2.9 Node zero-dimensional element that is a topological junction of two or more Edges, or an end point of an Edge NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.2.10 non-planar graph graph which cannot be embedded in a plane 3.2.11 planar graph graph which can be embedded in a plane, meaning that it can be drawn on the plane so that Edges intersect only at a Node mutually incident with them 3.2.12 point zero-dimensional element that specifies geometric location specified by one coordinate pair or triplet NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.2.13 Line Segment Segment direct connection between two Intermediate Points, two Nodes or a Node and an Intermediate Point 3.2.14 valency degree number of Edges which are incident with a particular Node 3.3 Geodetical terms 3.3.1 control point point having known coordinates in the real world and identifiable with a corresponding point in a map or an aerial photograph or satellite image 3.3.2 ellipsoidal height distance between a point and the reference ellipsoid, measured along the ellipsoidal normal 3.3.3 geodetic datum mathematical surface that approximates a portion of the earth's surface 3.3.4 geoid model of the figure of the earth, that coincides with the mean sea level over the oceans and continues in continental areas as an imaginary sea level surface, defined by spirit level NOTE At every place, geoid level/surface is perpendicular to the pull of gravity. The shape is irregular but can, for most purposes, be approximated by an oblate ellipsoid. 3.3.5 Geoid Undulation difference between the orthometric height and the ellipsoidal height, measured along the ellipsoid normal SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 5 3.3.6 height elevation (vertical) distance between a point and the reference height level or the reference ellipsoid NOTE On land maps, the reference level is commonly the mean sea level. 3.3.7 horizontal reference system reference system for positions 3.3.8 magnetic declination angle between Magnetic North and True North NOTE See Reference [40]. 3.3.9 map projection transformation method used to represent the curved earth surface on a plane 3.3.10 offset pair of values subtracted from all coordinate values in order to shorten these coordinate values 3.3.11 orthometric height distance between a point and the geoid, measured along the perpendicular line 3.3.12 reference ellipsoid oblate ellipsoid of revolution that is used to approximate the figure of the geoid NOTE It is specified by two parameters: a semi-major axis a (equatorial radius of the earth) and a semi-minor axis b (polar radius). The flattening f is defined as: f = (a − b)a. 3.3.13 reference height level level to which all terrestrial heights are referred NOTE It changes from country to country and it forms part of the national coordinate system for surveying and mapping. 3.3.14 reference system coordinate system on which a national survey is based NOTE See Reference [40]. 3.3.15 vertical reference system reference system for elevations 3.3.16 world geodetic system WGS set of standard reference ellipsoids that define latitude, longitude and height for every point on the earth SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) 6 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 3.4 GDF terms NOTE All Feature Classes mentioned below are defined in the Feature Catalogue. 3.4.1 Album collection of related Datasets (logical sub-division) and, if applicable, Volumes (physical sub-division) 3.4.2 Attribute characteristic of a Feature which is independent of other Features NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.4.3 Attribute Code alphanumeric identifier for an Attribute Type NOTE See Reference [57]. 3.4.4 Attribute Name name associated to an Attribute Type NOTE See Reference [57]. 3.4.5 Attribute Type defined characteristic of a Feature, which is independent of the other Features 3.4.6 Attribute Value specific quality or quantity assigned to an Attribute NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.4.7 Dataset sub-division of Album, which in turn can be sub-divided into Sections NOTE A large set of data covering a particular geographic area can be considered a Dataset. 3.4.8 District area regarded as a geographical unit, which is defined by the delivery of a specific public or private sector service 3.4.9 Feature database representation of a real world object 3.4.10 Feature Category type of representation of a Feature, including Point, Line, Area and Complex Feature 3.4.11 Feature Class categorization of a Feature SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 7 3.4.12 Feature Class Code alphanumeric identifier for a Feature Class NOTE See Reference [57]. 3.4.13 Feature Name name associated with a Feature Class NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.4.14 Feature Theme specified group of related Features 3.4.15 field set of characters representing one unit of data 3.4.16 Layer certain subset of a Dataset based upon information contents 3.4.17 Manoeuvre ordered sequence of a Road Element, a Junction and one or more Road Elements, and optionally associated with a Traffic Sign 3.4.18 Place administrative area of the types: Order-i Area, Country, Supra-National Area, Administrative Place A-Z or Named Area Feature of the types: Built-up Area, Named Area, District 3.4.19 Property combination of Attribute and Relationship values which pertain to a Feature and which together define a certain characteristic of the Feature 3.4.20 Relationship Code alphanumerical identifier for a Relationship 3.4.21 Relationship name name associated with a Relationship Type NOTE See Reference [34]. 3.4.22 Relationship Type defined characteristic of a Feature which is dependent on other Features 3.4.23 Semantic Relationship Relationship characteristic of a Feature involving other Features SIST EN ISO 14825:2011

ISO 14825:2011(E) 8 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 3.4.24 Section spatial subset of a Dataset NOTE The coverage area of a map sheet, confined by geographic coordinates, can be considered a Section. 3.4.25 Transportation Element Road Element, Pathway, Railway Element, Path, Ferry Connection, Water Body, Water Boundary Element, Junction, Railway Element Junction or Water Boundary Junction 3.4.26 turn ordered sequence of a Road Element, a Junction and a Road Element NOTE A turn is a special case of a Manœuvre, relating exactly two Road Elements. 3.4.27 Volume smallest physical unit of a medium NOTE A single Volume can contain one or more GDF Datasets depending on Dataset size. EXAMPLE A magnetic tape, a floppy disk, etc.
ISO 14825:2011(E) © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 9 4 Symbolization and notation elements 4.1 GDF symbolizations Many of the basic concepts of GDF are best expressed diagrammatically in data models. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) [31] has been adopted as the conceptual modeling language for GDF. 4.2 UML notation 4.2.1 Introduction This subclause provides a summary of the UML Class Diagram notation conventions used in this International Standard. It is consistent with the use of UML in the ISO 191xx series of geographic information standards of ISO/TC 211 (see [27], ISO 19107:2003, 5.1, Presentation
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