EN 71-1:2011+A2:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 71-1:2011
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Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et physiques
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 71-1:2011+A2:2013
ICS:
97.200.50 ,JUDþH Toys
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 71-1:2011+A2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2013
ICS 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 71-1:2011
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 1: Propriétés mécaniques et Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und
physiques physikalische Eigenschaften
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 May 2011 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 10 August 2013.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALIS ATI O N

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 71-1:2011+A2:2013: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .7
Introduction .8
1 Scope (see A.2) .9
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 General requirements . 21
4.1 Material cleanliness (see A.3) . 21
4.2 Assembly (see A.4) . 21
4.3 Flexible plastic sheeting (see A.5 and A.16) . 21
4.4 Toy bags . 21
4.5 Glass (see 5.7 and A.6) . 21
4.6 Expanding materials (see A.7) . 22
4.7 Edges (see A.8) . 22
4.8 Points and metallic wires (see A.9) . 22
4.9 Protruding parts (see A.10) . 23
4.10 Parts moving against each other . 23
4.10.1 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see A.11) . 23
4.10.2 Driving mechanisms (see A.12) . 25
4.10.3 Hinges (see A.13) . 25
4.10.4 Springs (see A.14). 25
4.11 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see A.15) . 26
4.12 Balloons (see 4.3 and A.16) . 26
4.13 Cords of toy kites and other flying toys (see A.17) . 26
4.14 Enclosures . 26
4.14.1 Toys which a child can enter (see A.18) . 26
4.14.2 Masks and helmets (see A.19) . 27
4.15 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see A.20) . 28
4.15.1 Toys propelled by a child or by other means . 28
4.15.2 Toy bicycles (see A.20) . 33
4.15.3 Rocking horses and similar toys (see A.21) . 33
4.15.4 Toys not propelled by a child . 34
4.15.5 Toy scooters (see A.49) . 35
4.16 Heavy immobile toys . 36
4.17 Projectiles (see A.22) . 36
4.17.1 General . 36
4.17.2 Projectile toys without stored energy. 37
4.17.3 Projectile toys with stored energy . 37
4.17.4 Bows and arrows . 37
4.18 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see A.23) . 38
4.19 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps
(see A.24) . 38
4.20 Acoustics (see A.25) . 38
4.20.1 Exposure categories for time-averaged sound pressure levels . 38
4.20.2 Emission sound pressure level limits . 39
4.21 Toys containing a non-electrical heat source . 43
4.22 Small balls (see 5.10 and A.48) . 44
4.23 Magnets (see A.51) . 44
4.23.1 General . 44
4.23.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years. 44
4.23.3 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years . 44
4.24 Yo-yo balls (see A.52) . 45
4.25 Toys attached to food (see A.55) . 45
5 Toys intended for children under 36 months . 45
5.1 General requirements (see A.26) . 46
5.2 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see A.27) . 47
5.3 Plastic sheeting (see A.28) . 47
5.4 Cords, chains and electrical cables in toys (see A.29) . 47
5.5 Liquid-filled toys (see A.30) . 49
5.6 Speed limitation of electrically-driven ride-on toys . 49
5.7 Glass and porcelain (see 4.5 and A.6) . 49
5.8 Shape and size of certain toys (see A.31) . 49
5.9 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see A.32) . 50
5.10 Small balls (see also 4.22 and A.48) . 50
5.11 Play figures . 50
5.12 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see A.50) . 50
5.13 Suction cups (see A.54) . 53
5.14 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see A.53) . 53
6 Packaging (see A.56) . 53
7 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see A.33) . 54
7.1 General . 55
7.2 Toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 4.22 and A.34) . 55
7.3 Latex balloons (see 4.12 and A.16) . 57
7.4 Aquatic toys (see 4.18 and A.23) . 57
7.5 Functional toys (see A.35) . 57
7.6 Hazardous sharp functional edges and points (see 4.7 and 4.8) . 57
7.7 Projectiles (see 4.17.3 c) and 4.17.4 c)) . 57
7.7.1 Toys with projectiles which are able to discharge an object other than that provided with
the toy . 57
7.7.2 Toys capable of discharging a projectile with a kinetic energy greater than 0,08 J . 57
7.8 Imitation protective masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and A.19) . 58
7.9 Toy kites (see 4.13) . 58
7.10 Roller skates, inline skates, skateboards and certain other ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2 and
A.20) . 58
7.10.1 Roller skates, inline skates and skateboards . 58
7.10.2 Ride-on toys without a braking device . 58
7.10.3 Electrically-driven ride-on toys . 58
7.10.4 Instructions for use . 58
7.11 Toys intended to be attached to or strung across a cradle, cot, or perambulator (see
5.4 f)) . 59
7.12 Liquid-filled teethers (see 5.5) . 59
7.13 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see 4.19) . 59
7.14 Acoustics (see 4.19 and 4.20) . 59
7.15 Toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.2) . 59
7.16 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.2, 4.15.2.2, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4) . 60
7.17 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 60
7.18 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5.2) . 60
7.19 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3 and A.21) . 60
7.20 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets (see 4.23.3 and A.51) . 61
7.21 Toys with electrical cables exceeding 300 mm in length (see 5.4 i)) . 61
7.22 Toys with cords or chains intended for children of 18 months and over but under 36
months (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c) and 5.4 g)) . 61
8 Test methods . 61
8.1 General requirements for testing . 61
8.2 Small parts cylinder (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.18, 4.23.2, 4.23.3, 4.25, 5.1, 5.2 and A.36) . 61
8.3 Torque test (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and
Clause 6) . 62
8.4 Tension test (see A.37) . 63
8.4.1 Apparatus . 63
8.4.2 Procedure . 63
8.5 Drop test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) . 65
8.6 Tip over test (see 4.10.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) . 65
8.7 Impact test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.38) . 66
8.8 Compression test (see 4.6, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.39) . 66
8.9 Soaking test (see 4.11, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10 and 5.12) . 66
8.10 Accessibility of a part or component (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.10.2, 4.10.4, 4.15.1.3, 4.21, 5.2 and
5.7) . 67
8.10.1 Principle . 67
8.10.2 Apparatus . 67
8.10.3 Procedure . 67
8.11 Sharpness of edges (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3 and 5.1) . 68
8.11.1 Principle . 68
8.11.2 Apparatus . 69
8.11.3 Procedure . 70
8.12 Sharpness of points (see 4.5, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3, 5.1 and A.40) . 70
8.12.1 Principle . 70
8.12.2 Apparatus . 70
8.12.3 Procedure . 71
8.13 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 4.8 and A.41) . 72
8.13.1 General . 72
8.13.2 Metallic wires and other metallic components intended to be bent . 72
8.13.3 Metallic wires likely to be bent . 72
8.14 Expanding materials (see 4.6) . 72
8.15 Leakage of liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42) . 73
8.16 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 5.8, 5.11 and A.43) . 73
8.17 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 4.11 and A.44) . 74
8.17.1 Mouth-actuated projectile toys . 74
8.17.2 Other mouth-actuated toys . 74
8.18 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1 and A.45) . 75
8.18.1 Loads . 75
8.18.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators . 76
8.18.3 Other collapsible toys (see 4.10.1 c)) . 76
8.19 Electric resistivity of cords (see 4.13) . 76
8.20 Cords cross-sectional dimension (see 5.4 a)) . 77
8.21 Static strength (see 4.15.1.3, 4.15.1.5, 4.15.3, 4.15.4 and A.46) . 77
8.22 Dynamic strength (see 4.15.1.3) . 78
8.22.1 Principle . 78
8.22.2 Loads . 78
8.22.3 Procedure . 79
8.23 Stability . 81
8.23.1 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.4, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4) . 81
8.23.2 Heavy immobile toys (see 4.16) . 81
8.24 Determination of kinetic energy (see A.47) . 82
8.24.1 Kinetic energy of projectiles (see 4.17.3) . 82
8.24.2 Kinetic energy of bows and arrows (see 4.17.4) . 82
8.25 Plastic sheeting. 82
8.25.1 Thickness (see 4.3, 5.3 and Clause 6) . 82
8.25.2 Adhesion (see 5.3) . 82
8.26 Brake performance . 83
8.26.1 Brake performance for certain ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.5) . 83
8.26.2 Brake performance for toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.3) . 83
8.26.3 Brake performance for toy scooters (see 4.15.5.5) . 83
8.27 Strength of toy scooter steering tubes (see 4.15.5.3) . 84
8.27.1 Resistance to downward forces . 84
8.27.2 Resistance to upward forces . 85
8.28 Determination of emission sound pressure levels (see 4.20) . 86
8.28.1 General . 86
8.28.2 Test procedures . 89
8.29 Determination of maximum design speed of electrically-driven ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2,
4.15.1.5, 4.15.1.8 and 5.6) . 99
8.30 Measurement of temperature rises (see 4.21) . 100
8.31 Toy chest lids (see 4.14.1 c)) . 100
8.31.1 General . 100
8.31.2 Lid support . 100
8.31.3 Durability test for vertically opening hinged lids . 100
8.32 Small balls and suction cups test (see 4.17, 4.22, 4.25, 5.10 and 5.13) . 100
8.32.1 Small balls and suction cups (see Clause 6) . 100
8.32.2 Small balls attached to a toy by a cord . 101
8.33 Test for play figures (see 5.11) . 102
8.34 Tension test for magnets (see 4.23.2 and A.51) . 102
8.34.1 General . 102
8.34.2 Toys that contain more than one magnet or magnetic component . 103
8.34.3 Toys that contain one magnet only . 103
8.35 Magnetic flux index (see 4.23.2 and 4.23.3) . 103
8.35.1 General . 103
8.35.2 Apparatus . 103
8.35.3 Procedure . 104
8.35.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index . 104
8.36 Perimeter of cords and chains (see 5.4 c) and 5.4 d)) . 105
8.36.1 Test equipment . 105
8.36.2 Test procedures . 106
8.37 Yo-yo balls measurements (see 4.24) . 110
8.37.1 Measurement of initial length l . 110
8.37.2 Measurement of elastic constant k . 110
8.38 Breakaway feature separation test (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c) and 5.14) . 111
8.39 Self-retracting cords (see 5.4 e)) . 112
8.40 Length of cords, chains and electrical cables (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c), 5.4 g), 5.4 h) and 5.4 i)) . 112
Annex A (informative) Background and rationale for this European Standard . 113
A.1 General . 113
A.2 Scope (see Clause 1) . 113
A.3 Material cleanliness (see 4.1) . 113
A.4 Assembly (see 4.2) . 114
A.5 Flexible plastic sheeting (see 4.3) . 114
A.6 Glass (see 4.5 and 5.7) . 114
A.7 Expanding materials (see 4.6) . 114
A.8 Edges (see 4.7) . 114
A.9 Points and metallic wires (see 4.8) . 115
A.10 Protruding parts (see 4.9) . 115
A.11 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1) . 116
A.12 Driving mechanisms (see 4.10.2) . 116
A.13 Hinges (see 4.10.3) . 116
A.14 Springs (see 4.10.4) . 117
A.15 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see 4.11) . 117
A.16 Balloons (see 4.3, 4.12 and 7.3) . 117
A.17 Cords of toy kites (see 4.13) . 118
A.18 Toys which a child can enter (see 4.14.1) . 118
A.19 Masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and 7.8) . 118
A.20 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15 and 7.10). 118
A.21 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3) . 119
A.22 Projectiles (see 4.17) . 120
A.23 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see 4.18 and 7.4) . 120
A.24 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps
(see 4.19) . 120
A.25 Acoustics (see 4.20) . 121
A.26 General requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months (see 5.1) . 123
A.27 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see 5.2) . 124
A.28 Adhesion of plastic sheeting (see 5.3) . 125
A.29 Cords and chains in toys (see 5.4). 125
A.30 Liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42). 127
A.31 Shape and size of certain toys (see 5.8 and A.43) . 127
A.32 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 128
A.33 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see 7.1) . 128
A.34 Warning for toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 7.2) . 128
A.35 Warnings in connection with functional toys (see 7.5) . 128
A.36 Small parts cylinder (see 8.2) . 128
A.37 Tension test (see 8.4) . 129
A.38 Impact test (see 8.7) . 129
A.39 Compression test (see 8.8) . 129
A.40 Sharpness of points (see 8.12) . 129
A.41 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 8.13) . 129
A.42 Leakage of liquid-filled teethers (see 8.15 and A.30) . 129
A.43 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 8.16 and A.31) . 129
A.44 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 8.17) . 129
A.45 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 8.18) . 130
A.46 Static strength (see 8.21) . 130
A.47 Kinetic energy of projectiles, bows and arrows (see 8.24) . 130
A.48 Small balls (see 4.22 and 5.10) . 130
A.49 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5) . 131
A.50 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see 5.12). 132
A.51 Magnets (see 4.23) . 132
A.52 Yo-yo balls (see 4.24) . 134
A.53 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see 5.14) . 137
A.54 Suction cups (see 5.13) . 137
A.55 Toys attached to food (see 4.25) . 137
A.56 Packaging (see Clause 6) . 138
Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the
previous version . 140
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or
other provisions of EU Directives . 142
Bibliography . 144

Foreword
This document (EN 71-1:2011+A2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of
toys”, the secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by September 2014.
This document supersedes #EN 71-1:2011$.
This document includes Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 2013-08-10.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags #$.
Annex B provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous
edition.
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 2009/48/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
European Standard.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This European Standard constitutes the first part of the European Standard on safety of toys.
This European Standard for safety of toys consists of the following parts:
 Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
 Part 2: Flammability
 Part 3: Migration of certain elements
 Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities
 Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets
 Part 7: Finger paints — Requirements and test methods
 Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use
 Part 9: Organic chemical compounds — Requirements
 Part 10: Organic chemical compounds — Sample preparation and extraction
 Part 11: Organic chemical compounds — Methods of analysis
NOTE 1 In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following guidance documents have been published: CEN Report,
CR 14379, Classification of toys - Guidelines, CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15071, Safety of toys - National translations
of warnings and instructions for use in EN 71, and CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15371, Safety of toys – Replies to
requests for interpretation of EN 71-1, EN 71-2, and EN 71-8.
NOTE 2 Different legal requirements may exist in non-EU countries.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
This European Standard aims at reducing as far as possible those hazards which are not evident to users; it
does not cover inherent hazards (e.g. instability of two-wheeled scooters, sharp needles in a sewing kit etc.)
that are obvious to children or the persons in charge of them. Assuming that the toys are used in the intended
manner they should not present any further hazard to children for whom they are intended (according to
Directive 2009/48/EC “intended for use by” means that a parent or supervisor shall reasonably be able to
assume by virtue of the functions, dimensions and characteristics of a toy that it is intended for use by children
of the stated age group”). Allowance should also be made for foreseeable use, bearing in mind the behaviour
of children who do not generally share the same degree of care as the average adult user.
As a general rule, toys are designed and manufactured for particular ages of children. Their characteristics are
related to the age and stage of development of the children, and their use presupposes certain aptitudes.
Accidents are frequently due to a toy either being given to a child for whom it is not intended, or being used for
a purpose other than that for which it was designed. Great care should therefore be taken when choosing a
toy or game; account should be taken of the mental and physical development of the child who will be using it.
The requirements of this European Standard do not release parents or carers from their responsibility of
watching over the child while he or she is playing.
SIST
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