EN 13103:2009+A2:2012
(Main)Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Non-powered axles - Design method
Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Non-powered axles - Design method
This standard:
1) defines the forces and moments to be taken into account with reference to masses and braking conditions;
2) gives the stress calculation method for axles with outside axle journals;
3) specifies the maximum permissible stresses to be assumed in calculations for steel grade EA1N defined in EN 13261;
4) describes the method for determination of the maximum permissible stresses for other steel grades;
5) determines the diameters for the various sections of the axle and recommends the preferred shapes and transitions to ensure adequate service performance.
This standard is applicable to:
6) solid and hollow axles of railway rolling stock used for the transportation of passengers and freight;
7) axles defined in EN 13261;
8) all gauges .
This standard is applicable to axles fitted to rolling stock intended to run under normal European conditions. Before using this standard, if there is any doubt as to whether the railway operating conditions are normal, it is necessary to determine whether an additional design factor has to be applied to the maximum permissible stresses. The calculation of wheelsets for special applications (e.g. tamping/lining/levelling ma¬chines) may be made according to this standard only for the load cases of free-running and running in train formation. This standard does not apply to workload cases. They are calculated separately.
For light rail and tramway applications, other standards or documents agreed between the customer and supplier may be applied.
Non-powered axles of motor bogies and locomotives are analysed according to the requirements of EN 13104.
Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle - Laufradsatzwellen - Konstruktions- und Berechnungsrichtlinie
Diese Europäische Norm:
1) gibt Kräfte und Momente an, die aufgrund der Massenwirkungen und Bremsbedingungen zu berücksichtigen sind;
2) gibt das Verfahren zur Spannungsberechnung außengelagerter Radsatzwellen an;
3) legt die höchstzulässigen Spannungen für den Stahl der Güte EA1N fest, die in die Berechnung einzusetzen sind nach EN 13261;
4) beschreibt die Vorgehensweise zur Ermittlung der höchstzulässigen Spannungen für andere Stähle;
5) bestimmt die Durchmesser der verschiedenen Wellenabschnitte. Die bevorzugten Formen und Übergänge werden definiert, um ein sicheres Betriebsverhalten zu erreichen.
Diese Norm gilt für:
6) Laufradsätze mit Voll- und Hohlwellen von rollendem Eisenbahnmaterial für Personen- und Güterverkehr;
7) Radsätze nach EN 13261;
8) alle Spurweiten. )
Diese Norm gilt für Radsatzwellen von Rollendem Material, das für den Einsatz unter üblichen in Europa herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen vorgesehen ist. Wenn Zweifel bestehen, ob normale Betriebsbedingun¬gen vorherrschen, ist es notwendig vor Anwendung dieser Norm zu entscheiden, ob ein zusätzlicher Konstruktionsfaktor für die maximal zulässigen Spannungen angewendet werden muss. Die Berechnung von Radsätzen für besondere Anwendungsfälle (z. B. Oberbauricht- und -stopfmaschinen) kann entsprechend der vorliegenden Norm ausschließlich für die Lastfälle Eigenfahrt und Fahrt im Zugverband durchgeführt werden. Diese Norm gilt nicht für Arbeitslastfälle. Solche werden separat berechnet.
Für Stadtbahnen und Straßenbahnen können andere zwischen Kunde und Lieferant vereinbarte Normen oder Dokumente zur Anwendung kommen.
Laufradsätze von Motordrehgestellen und Lokomotiven werden nach den Anforderungen von EN 13104 ausgelegt.
Applications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Essieux-axes porteurs - Méthode de conception
La présente Norme:
1) définit les forces et moments à prendre en compte en fonction des masses et du freinage;
2) donne la méthode de calcul des contraintes dans les essieux-axes à fusées extérieures;
3) prescrit les contraintes maximales admissibles à prendre en compte dans les calculs pour la nuance d'acier EA1N définie dans l’EN 13261;
4) décrit la méthode de détermination des contraintes maximales admissibles pour les autres nuances d'acier;
5) permet de calculer les diamètres des différentes parties de l'essieu-axe et recommande les formes et raccordements les mieux adaptés pour garantir une bonne tenue mécanique en service.
La présente Norme est applicable:
6) aux essieux-axes pleins et creux du matériel roulant ferroviaire destiné au transport des personnes et des marchandises;
7) aux essieux-axes définis par l’EN 13261;
8) à tous les écartements de voie ).
La présente Norme est applicable aux essieux-axes destinés aux matériels roulant dans des conditions d'exploitation normale européenne. Avant l’utilisation de cette Norme et en cas de doutes sur la normalité des conditions d’exploitation, il est impératif d’établir la nécessité d’appliquer un coefficient de sécurité supplémentaire aux contraintes admissibles maximales. Les calculs d’essieux pour des applications spéciales (par exemple: les bourreuses, niveleuses, dresseuses) peuvent être menés selon la présente Norme, uniquement pour les cas de charges véhicule isolé, hors séquence de travail et véhicule incorporé dans un train. Cette Norme ne s’applique pas aux cas de charges de travail. Ceux-ci sont calculés séparément.
Pour les véhicules légers et les tramways, d’autres normes ou documents acceptés entre client et fournisseur peuvent être utilisés.
Les essieux-axes porteurs des bogies moteurs et les essieux-axes porteurs des locomotives sont calculés suivant les prescriptions de l’EN 13104.
Železniške naprave - Kolesne dvojice in podstavni vozički - Proste osi - Konstrukcijska metoda
Ta standard: 1) določa sile in momente, ki jih je treba upoštevati v zvezi z masami in zavornimi pogoji; 2) navaja metodo za izračun napetosti za osi z zunanjim oselnikom; 3) določa največje dovoljene napetosti, ki se predpostavijo v izračunih za razred jekla EA1N iz standarda EN 13261; 4) opisuje metodo za določitev največjih dovoljenih napetosti za druge razrede jekla; 5) določa premere različnih delov osi ter priporoča najboljše oblike in prehode za zagotovitev ustrezne učinkovitosti storitev. Ta standard se uporablja za: 6) trdne in votle osi tirnih vozil za prevoz potnikov in tovora; 7) osi iz standarda EN 13261; 8) vse širine tira. Ta standard se uporablja za osi, pritrjene na tirna vozila, namenjena za uporabo pod običajnimi evropskimi pogoji. Če obstaja kakršen koli dvom v zvezi s tem, ali so pogoji delovanja železnice običajni, je treba pred uporabo tega standarda ugotoviti, ali je treba za največje dovoljene napetosti uporabiti dodaten konstrukcijski dejavnik. Izračun kolesnih dvojic za posebne uporabe (npr. stroji za gramoziranje/oblaganje/izenačevanje) se na podlagi tega standarda lahko izvede le za proste in vodene primere obremenitve pri sestavi vlaka. Ta standard se ne uporablja za primere delovne obremenitve. Ti se izračunajo ločeno. Za lahka železniška in tramvajska vozila je mogoče uporabiti druge standarde ali dokumente, o katerih sta se dogovorila stranka in dobavitelj. Proste osi motornih podstavnih vozičkov in lokomotiv se analizirajo v skladu z zahtevami iz standarda EN 13104.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle - Laufradsatzwellen - Konstruktions- und BerechnungsrichtlinieApplications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Essieux-axes porteurs - Méthode de conceptionRailway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Non powered axles - Design method45.040Materiali in deli za železniško tehnikoMaterials and components for railway engineeringICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13103:2009+A2:2012SIST EN 13103:2009+A2:2012en,fr,de01-oktober-2012SIST EN 13103:2009+A2:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13103:2009+A2
July 2012 ICS 45.040 Supersedes EN 13103:2009+A1:2010English Version
Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Non powered axles - Design method
Applications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Essieux-axes porteurs - Méthode de conception
Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle - Laufradsatzwellen - Konstruktions- und Berechnungsrichtlinie This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 December 2008 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 September 2010 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 3 June 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13103:2009+A2:2012: ESIST EN 13103:2009+A2:2012
Steel grade EA1N .27 7.3
Steel grades other than EA1N .28 Annex A (informative)
Model of axle calculation sheet .31 Annex B (informative)
Procedure for the calculation of the load coefficient for tilting vehicles .32 Annex C (informative)
Values of forces to take into consideration for wheelsets for reduced gauge track (metric or close to a metre) .34 Annex D (normative)
Method for determination of full-scale fatigue limits for new materials .35 D.1 Scope .35 D.2 General requirements for the test pieces .35 D.3 General requirements for test apparatus .35 D.4 Axle body fatigue limit ("F1") .36 D.4.1 Geometry .36 D.4.2 Verification of the applied stress .36 D.4.3 End of test criterion .37 D.4.4 Determination of the fatigue limit .37 D.5 Axle bore fatigue limit ("F2") .38 D.5.1 Geometry .38 D.5.2 Verification of the applied stress .38 D.5.3 End of test criterion .38 D.5.4 Determination of the fatigue limit .38 D.6 Wheel seat fatigue limit ("F3 and F4") .39 D.6.1 Geometry .39 SIST EN 13103:2009+A2:2012
!Relationship between this
European
Standard and the Essential Requirements
of EU Directive 2008/57/EC" . 42 Bibliography . 46
This document comprises amendment 1 adopted by CEN on 2010-09-14 and amendment 2, adopted by CEN on 2012-06-03. This document supersedes #EN 13103:2009+A1:2010$. The start and end of the text added or modified by the amendment is indicated in the text by !" and #$. !This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC." !For relationship with EU Directive 2008/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document." According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Introduction Railway axles were among the first train components to give rise to fatigue problems. Many years ago, specific methods were developed in order to design these axles. They were based on a feedback process from the service behaviour of axles combined with the examination of failures and on fatigue tests conducted in the laboratory, so as to characterize and optimize the design and materials used for axles. A European working group under the aegis of UIC1 started to harmonize these methods at the beginning of the 1970s. This led to an ORE2 document applicable to the design of trailer stock axles, subsequently incorpo-rated into national standards (French, German, Italian) and consequently converted into a UIC leaflet. The bibliography lists the relevant documents used for reference purposes. The method described therein is largely based on conventional loadings and applies the beam theory for the stress calculation. The shape and stress recommendations are derived from laboratory tests and the outcome is validated by many years of operations on the various railway systems. This standard is based largely on this method which has been improved and its scope enlarged.
1 UIC : Union Internationale des Chemins de fer. 2 ORE: Office de Recherches et d'Essais de l'UIC. SIST EN 13103:2009+A2:2012
1 Scope This standard: 1) defines the forces and moments to be taken into account with reference to masses and braking conditions; 2) gives the stress calculation method for axles with outside axle journals; 3) specifies the maximum permissible stresses to be assumed in calculations for steel grade EA1N defined in
EN 13261; 4) describes the method for determination of the maximum permissible stresses for other steel grades; 5) determines the diameters for the various sections of the axle and recommends the preferred shapes and transitions to ensure adequate service performance.
This standard is applicable to: 6) solid and hollow axles of railway rolling stock used for the transportation of passengers and freight; 7) axles defined in EN 13261; 8) all gauges3. This standard is applicable to axles fitted to rolling stock intended to run under normal European conditions. Before using this standard, if there is any doubt as to whether the railway operating conditions are normal, it is necessary to determine whether an additional design factor has to be applied to the maximum permissible stresses. The calculation of wheelsets for special applications (e.g. tamping/lining/levelling machines) may be made according to this standard only for the load cases of free-running and running in train formation. This standard does not apply to workload cases. They are calculated separately. For light rail and tramway applications, other standards or documents agreed between the custom
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