EN ISO 22580:2021

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2022
Naprave za sežig bioplina (ISO 22580:2020)
Flares for combustion of biogas (ISO 22580:2020)
Fackeln für Biogasanlagen (ISO 22580:2020)
Torchères pour la combustion du biogaz (ISO 22580:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22580:2021
ICS:
27.190 Biološki viri in drugi Biological sources and
alternativni viri energije alternative sources of energy
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 22580
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.190
English Version
Flares for combustion of biogas (ISO 22580:2020)
Torchères pour la combustion du biogaz (ISO Fackeln für Biogasanlagen (ISO 22580:2020)
22580:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 November 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22580:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 22580:2020 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 255 "Biogas” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 22580:2021 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 408 “Natural gas and biomethane for use in transport and biomethane for
injection in the natural gas grid” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2022, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 22580:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 22580:2021 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22580
First edition
2020-07
Flares for combustion of biogas
Torchères pour les installations de biogaz
Reference number
ISO 22580:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
ISO 22580:2020(E)
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 22580:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Classifications of flares for combustion of biogas. 3
6 Design and construction of flares for combustion of biogas . 4
6.1 Efficiency of the flare . 4
6.2 Pressure . 4
6.3 Air supply and gas flow. 4
6.4 Pilot burner . 5
6.5 Treatment of the gas . 5
6.6 Materials . 5
6.7 Flame arresters . 6
6.8 Burner control unit, ignition transformer, flame monitoring device . 6
6.9 Safety valves and other valves . 6
6.10 Control system. 7
6.11 Flow measuring and gas analysis . 7
6.12 Condensate removal . 8
6.13 Insulation and heating . 8
6.14 Heat protection . 8
6.15 Buildings and cabinets . 8
6.16 Lightning protection and earthing . 8
6.17 Strength and stability calculations . 8
6.18 Distances to other objects . 8
7 Operations and maintenance requirements . 9
7.1 Operations and maintenance manual . 9
7.2 Testing of the flare . 9
7.3 Operation of the flare .10
7.4 Maintenance and inspection of the flare.10
Bibliography .12
ISO 22580:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see
www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 255, Biogas.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 22580:2020(E)
Introduction
Flares for combustion of biogas are amongst others applied at industrial plants like food and beverage
industries, waste water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to
agricultural companies and small-scale household systems.
Biogas is normally a by-product produced by amongst others wastewater treatment plants, food
& beverage plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies and
small-scale household systems. The main ingredients are approximately 50 ~ 65 volume % of methane
and approximately 30 ~ 50 volume % of carbon dioxide and also contains many other ingredients, such
as water vapor, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, nitrogen, oxygen, siloxanes, and hydrocarbons. Methane
is one of the main initiators of the greenhouse effect. Biogas will not only pollute the environment, but
also causes serious potential safety hazards. Therefore, centralized processing of anaerobic methane
is needed. In case the biogas output cannot be used to generate energy or upgraded to biomethane,
because of economic reasons or in case the energy production installation does not work properly,
the biogas or biomethane is collected and combusted in a flare. The methane percentage of biogas or
biomethane to be combusted in a biogas flare can vary from 5 volume % to (almost) 100 volume %.
Biogas flares have the function of improving workplace safety, increasing the social identification,
reducing the odour pollution and reducing the greenhouse effect.
This document about flares for biogas plants is applicable for combustion of biogas as defined in
ISO 20675. The main purposes of this document are to ensure safe flares, to prevent health hazards
because of dangerous gases and explosive atmospheres and to reduce the emission of the strong
greenhouse gas methane.
The availability of a standard for biogas flares is necessary in order to:
— ensure that flares are built, operated and maintained safely;
— facilitate development of regional and national regulations and incentive programs to regulate
methane emissions;
— moderate communication between the different biogas parties through meaningful discussions;
— contribute to reinforcement of biogas flares’ safety and business competitiveness with recognized
terms and definitions that clarify actors’ expectations related to procurement;
— contracts and services as well as reporting on biogas related action plans, road maps, etc.;
— contribute to the use of standards by facilitating their development and furthering users’
understanding and application of standards.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22580:2020(E)
Flares for combustion of biogas
1 Scope
This document applies to the design, manufacture, installation and operation of flares for the
combustion of biogas. Test methods and performance requirements are also included.
Biogas systems are amongst others applied at industrial plants like food and beverage industries, waste
water treatment plants, waste plants, landfill sites, small scale plants next to agricultural companies
and small-scale household systems.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 13577-2:2014, Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment — Safety — Part 2: Combustion
and fuel handling systems
ISO 13577-4, Industrial furnace and associated processing equipment — Safety — Part 4: Protective systems
ISO 16852, Flame arresters — Performance requirements, test methods and limits for use
ISO 20675, Biogas — Biogas production, conditioning, upgrading and utilization — Terms, definitions and
classification scheme
ISO 23551-1, Safety and control devices for gas burners and gas-burning appliances — Particular
requirements
IEC 60730-2-5, Automatic electrical controls— Part 2-5: Particular requirements for automatic electrical
burner control systems
IEC 60730-2-6, Automatic electrical controls— Part 2-6: Particular requirements for automatic electrical
pressure sensing controls including mechanical requirements
IEC 62305-2, Protection against lightning — Part 2: Risk management
IEC 60079-10-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 10-1: Classification of areas — Explosive gas atmospheres
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20675 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
open flare
biogas flare from which the burning flame is visible from outside
Note 1 to entry: This is also called external combustion flame burner.
Note 2 to entry: The flame burner combustion is not optimal, the combustion temperature is relatively low.
ISO 22580:2020(E)
3.2
enclosed flare
biogas flare which consists of an enclosed combustion chamber, where the flame is invisible from outside
Note 1 to entry: An enclosed flare is normally burning more efficiently with a relatively higher temperature than
an open flare (3.1), and the burning temperature is sometimes monitored, for example by a temperature sensor
such as a thermocouple.
3.3
ignition device
device for automatically igniting the flame in a biogas flare consisting of an ignition transformer,
ignition electrode, fuel gas source and its connecting cables, gas pipes, gas nozzle and valves
3.4
flame monitoring device
device consisting of an ultraviolet flame sensor, ionization sensor, similar and flame transmitter to
monitor the flame burning status of the biogas flare continuously
3.5
primary air coefficient
ratio of premixed air versus the total flow of air and biogas supplied to a flare
3.6
turn-down ratio
ratio of the maximum combustion flow where the flame is stable and not going outside the flare and the
minimum flow
3.7
burning residence time
retention time of biogas in the combustion chamber for an effective oxidation of hydrocarbons
3.8
burner control unit
stand-alone automatic safety system which includes an ignition transformer, ignition electrodes,
flame monitoring device, ignition or pilot solenoid valve, main gas valve and all other valves and safety
equipment needed to ignite the flame and to monitor the presence of the flame continuously
3.9
combustion yield
percentage of a substance which is combusted
Note 1 to entry: In this document the combustion yield refers to the percentage of methane which is combusted
in a biogas flare.
4 Abbreviated terms
AA Aluminum Alloy
AISI American Iron and Steel Institute
CO Carbon dioxide
DN Diameter of Nominal
H S Hydrogen Sulphide
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IP Ingress Protection
2 © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 22580:2020(E)
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ppmv parts per million by volume
TBT Technical Barriers to Trade
URL Uniform Resource Locator
UV Ultraviolet
WD Working Draft
WG Working Group
WTO World Trade Organization
5 Classifications of flares for combustion of biogas
Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion of organic matter, gasification of biomass or power to gas
from biomass sources.
Biogas mainly comprises methane (range from 15 volume % to 100 volume %), carbon dioxide, nitrogen,
oxygen, hydrogen sulphide and/or water and furthermore could contain hydrogen, carbon monoxide,
heavier hydrocarbons (including aromatic hydrocarbons), siloxanes and/or other substances.
Biogas can be treated in order to eliminate hydrogen sulphide, siloxanes, water and other substances
and be upgraded to a gas with higher methane content. Sometimes the biogas will be pressurized.
A biogas flare can be applied as a safety, environmental and/or process device.
A flare could be used if the biogas produced in biogas plants is not suitable for energy generation or the
biogas plant is not functioning properly. A flare can also be applied in case production of energy out of
biogas is not feasible and/or for landfill sites with a low percentage of methane.
A typical flare consists of e.g. an ignition system, flame and temperature detection system, flame
arrester, windscreen or windproof body and combustion chamber, biogas piping, valves, condensate
drainage, electrical control cabinet, installation fixtures, burner head, heat insulation and continuous
pilot or start-up ignition burner.
NOTE Direct ignition on the main burner increases the risks and is not allowed in most countries.
A flare can be classified into three main categories: open flare, enclosed flare and enclosed high
efficiency flare. The requirements for these categories are as follows:
— An open flare is classified as a flare from which the burning flame is visible from outside. This is
also called external combustion flame burner. The flame burner combustion is not optimal, the
combustion temperature is relatively low.
— An enclosed flare is classified as a flare which consists of an enclosed combustion chamber, where
the flame is invisible from outside. An enclosed flare burns more efficiently with a relatively higher
temperature than an open flare, and the burning temperature can be monitored.
— An enclosed high efficiency flare is classified as a flare which consists of an enclosed combustion
chamber, where the flame is invisible from outside and the biogas is combusted at a monitored and
automatically controlled temperature and retention time which has been scientifically proven to
result in the combustion yields mentioned in 6.1 Furthermore, other technologies, such as radiant
burner technologies or pre-mixed burners, exist to achieve the combustion yields mentioned in the
next chapter.
A flare can be operated continuously (more than 90 % of
...