EN ISO 28927-1:2009

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 8662-4:2000
5RþQDSUHQRVQDHOHNWULþQDRURGMD3UHVNXVQHPHWRGH]DYUHGQRWHQMHRGGDMDQMD
YLEUDFLMGHO.RWQLLQYHUWLNDOQLEUXVLOQLNL,62
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part
1: Angle and vertical grinders (ISO 28927-1:2009)
Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen - Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der
Schwingungsemission - Teil 1: Winkelschleifer und Vertikalschleifer (ISO 28927-1:2009)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de l'émission de
vibrations - Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles (ISO 28927-1:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 28927-1:2009
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
25.080.50 Brusilni in polirni stroji Grinding and polishing
machines
25.140.20 (OHNWULþQDRURGMD Electric tools
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 28927-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2009
ICS 13.160; 25.140.10 Supersedes EN ISO 8662-4:1995
English Version
Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of
vibration emission - Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders (ISO
28927-1:2009)
Machines à moteur portatives - Méthodes d'essai pour Handgehaltene motorbetriebene Maschinen -
l'évaluation de l'émission de vibrations - Partie 1: Messverfahren zur Ermittlung der Schwingungsemission -
Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles (ISO 28927- Teil 1: Winkelschleifer und Vertikalschleifer (ISO 28927-
1:2009) 1:2009)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2009.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 28927-1:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC .4
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .5

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 28927-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118
"Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and equipment" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 8662-4:1995.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives.
For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annex ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this
document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 28927-1:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 28927-1:2009 without any
modification.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the
New Approach Directive 98/37/EC, Machinery, amended by Directive 98/79/EC.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive, except ER 1.7.4 d) and 2.2, and associated EFTA
regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling
within the scope of this standard.

Annex ZB
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential Requirements of
the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
corresponding Essential Requirement of that Directive, except ER 2.2.1.1, and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling
within the scope of this standard.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 28927-1
First edition
2009-12-15
Hand-held portable power tools — Test
methods for evaluation of vibration
emission —
Part 1:
Angle and vertical grinders
Machines à moteur portatives — Méthodes d'essai pour l'évaluation de
l'émission de vibrations —
Partie 1: Meuleuses verticales et meuleuses d'angles

Reference number
ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
©
ISO 2009
ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
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ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.vi
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms, definitions and symbols .2
3.1 Terms and definitions .2
3.2 Symbols.2
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes .3
5 Description of the family of machines .3
6 Characterization of vibration.5
6.1 Direction of measurement .5
6.2 Location of measurements.5
6.3 Magnitude of vibration.8
6.4 Combination of vibration directions.8
7 Instrumentation requirements.8
7.1 General .8
7.2 Mounting of transducers .8
7.3 Frequency weighting filter.9
7.4 Integration time.9
7.5 Auxiliary equipment .9
7.6 Calibration.9
8 Testing and operating conditions of the machinery.9
8.1 General .9
8.2 Operating conditions .10
8.3 Other quantities to be specified.10
8.4 Attached equipment, work piece and task.10
8.5 Operators.13
9 Measurement procedure and validity.14
9.1 Reported vibration values .14
9.2 Declaration and verification of the vibration emission value .14
10 Measurement report .15
Annex A (informative) Model test report for vibration emission of angle and vertical grinders .16
Annex B (normative) Determination of uncertainty.18
Annex C (normative) Design of test wheel.20
Bibliography.26

ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 28927-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools,
machines and equipment, Subcommittee SC 3, Pneumatic tools and machines.
This first edition of ISO 28927-1, together with ISO 28927-4, cancels and replaces ISO 8662-4:1994, of which
it constitutes a technical revision. The most important changes are
⎯ vibration measurement in three axes and at both hand positions,
⎯ new transducer positions,
⎯ improved definition of transducer positions and orientation,
⎯ straight grinders dealt with specifically by ISO 29827-4,
⎯ rotational speed raised to no-load free running speed, and
⎯ test wheels modified and their specification improved.
ISO 29827 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hand-held portable power tools — Test
methods for evaluation of vibration emission:
⎯ Part 1: Angle and vertical grinders
1)
⎯ Part 2: Wrenches, nutrunners and screwdrivers
2)
⎯ Part 3: Polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders

1) Replaces ISO 8662-7, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 7:
Wrenches, screwdrivers and nut runners with impact, impulse or ratchet action. All screwdrivers and nutrunners except for
one-shot tools now covered.
2) Replaces ISO 8662-8, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 8:
Polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders.
iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
3)
⎯ Part 4: Straight grinders
4)
⎯ Part 5: Drills and impact drills
5)
⎯ Part 6: Rammers
6)
⎯ Part 7: Nibblers and shears
⎯ Part 8: Saws, polishing and filing machines with reciprocating action and small saws with oscillating or
7)
rotating action
8)
⎯ Part 9: Scaling hammers and needle scalers
9)
⎯ Part 10: Percussive drills, hammers and breakers
10)
⎯ Part 11: Stone hammers
3) Together with Part 1, replaces ISO 8662-4, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the
handle — Part 4: Grinders
4) Replaces ISO 8662-6, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 6: Impact
drills. Non-impacting drills now covered.
5) Replaces ISO 8662-9, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 9:
Rammers.
6) Replaces ISO 8662-10, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 10:
Nibblers and shears.
7) Replaces ISO 8662-12, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 12: Saws
and files with reciprocating action and saws with oscillating or rotating action.
8) Together with Part 11, replaces ISO 8662-14, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the
handle — Part 14: Stone-working tools and needle scalers.
9) Replaces ISO 8662-2, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 2: Chipping
hammers and riveting hammers, ISO 8662-3, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the
handle — Part 3: Rock drills and rotary hammers, and ISO 8662-5, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of
vibrations at the handle — Part 5: Pavement breakers and hammers for construction work. Chipping and riveting hammers,
rock drills and rotary hammers all covered.
10) Together with Part 9, replaces ISO 8662-14, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the
handle — Part 14: Stone-working tools and needle scalers.
ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B standards,
the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for
machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.
The vibration test codes for portable hand-held machines given in ISO 28927 are based on ISO 20643, which
gives general specifications for the measurement of the vibration emission of hand-held and hand-guided
machinery. ISO 28927 specifies the operation of the machines under type-test conditions and other
requirements for the performance of type tests. The structure/numbering of its clauses follows that of
ISO 20643.
The basic principle for transducer positioning first introduced in the EN 60745 series of European standards is
followed, representing a deviation from ISO 20643 for reasons of consistency. The transducers are primarily
positioned next to the hand in the area between the thumb and the index finger, where they give the least
disturbance to the operator gripping the machine.
It has been found that vibrations generated by grinders vary considerably in typical use. This is largely due to
the variances in the unbalance of the machine with the grinding wheel mounted. The unbalance also changes
when the wheel is worn through operation.
In order to provide a method that gives good measurement reproducibility, the procedure adopted in this part
of ISO 28927 uses a test wheel of known unbalance mounted on a machine and run under no-load conditions.
The unbalance for the different types of test wheel are chosen to give vibration values that are as far as
possible in accordance with ISO 20643. The procedures of ISO 5349 are required whenever exposure at the
workplace is to be assessed.
Underestimation of the vibration for machines equipped with technical means to automatically reduce
unbalances is taken into account by multiplying the vibration values of such machines with a correction factor
of 1.3.
The values obtained are type-test values intended to be representative of the average of the upper quartile of
typical vibration magnitudes in real-world use of the machines. However, the actual magnitudes will vary
considerably from time to time and depend on many factors, including the operator, the task and the inserted
tool or consumable. The state of maintenance of the machine itself might also be of importance. Under real
working conditions the influences of the operator and process can be particularly important at low magnitudes.
It is therefore not recommended that emission values below 2,5 m/s be used for estimating the vibration
magnitude under real working conditions. In such cases, 2,5 m/s is the recommended vibration magnitude for
estimating the machine vibration.
If accurate values for a specific work place are required, then measurements (according to ISO 5349) in that
work situation could be necessary. Vibration values measured in real working conditions can be either higher
or lower than the values obtained using this part of ISO 28927.
Higher vibration magnitudes can easily occur in real work situations, caused by the use of excessively
unbalanced grinding wheels, worn flanges or bent spindles.
The vibration test codes given in ISO 28927 supersede those given in ISO 8662, whose parts have been
replaced by the corresponding parts of ISO 28927 (see Foreword).
NOTE ISO 8662-11, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 11: Fastener
driving tools, and ISO 8662-13, Hand-held portable power tools — Measurement of vibrations at the handle — Part 13:
Die grinders, could be replaced by future parts of ISO 28927.
vi © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 28927-1:2009(E)

Hand-held portable power tools — Test methods for evaluation
of vibration emission —
Part 1:
Angle and vertical grinders
1 Scope
This part of ISO 28927 specifies a laboratory method for measuring hand-transmitted vibration emission at the
handles of hand-held power-driven angle and vertical grinders. It is a type-test procedure for establishing the
magnitude of vibration in the gripping areas of a machine fitted with a specified test wheel and run under
no-load conditions. The method has been established for surface grinding tasks only. Cutting and sanding
generally create lower vibrations. It is intended that the results be used to compare different models of the
same type of machine.
This part of ISO 28927 is applicable to hand-held machines (see Clause 5), driven pneumatically or by other
means, intended for grinding, cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super-abrasive products
for use on all kinds of materials. It is not applicable to grinders used with wire brushes, nor is it applicable to
die or straight grinders.
NOTE To avoid confusion with the terms “power tool” and “inserted tool”, machine is used for the former throughout
this document.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2787:1984, Rotary and percussive pneumatic tools — Performance tests
ISO 5349:2001 (all parts), Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to
hand-transmitted vibration
ISO 5391:2003, Pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary
ISO 17066:2007, Hydraulic tools — Vocabulary
ISO 20643:2005, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand-guided machinery — Principles for evaluation
of vibration emission
EN 755-2:2008, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles — Part 2: Mechanical
properties
EN 12096:1997, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
3 Terms, definitions and symbols
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5391, ISO 17066 and ISO 20643,
and the following terms, definitions and symbols, apply.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
grinder
machine driving a rotary output spindle adapted to carry an abrasive wheel/device for material removal
NOTE Adapted from ISO 5391:2003, definition 2.1.3.
3.1.2
angle grinder
grinder where the output spindle is at a given angle (usually a right angle) to the motor axis
[ISO 5391:2003, definition 2.1.3.3]
3.1.3
vertical grinder
grinder where the handle or handles are at an angle to the coaxially aligned motor and output spindle axis
[ISO 5391:2003, definition 2.1.3.2]
3.1.4
test wheel
aluminium wheel geometrically similar to a real grinding wheel, with holes on specified radii to give defined
unbalances
3.2 Symbols
Symbol Description Unit
a root-mean-square (r.m.s.) single-axis acceleration value of the frequency- m/s
hw
weighted hand-transmitted vibration

a vibration total value of frequency-weighted r.m.s. acceleration; root sum of m/s
hv
squares of a values for the three measured axes of vibration
hw
a a as measured during testing m/s
hvmeas hv
a a at rated no-load speed m/s
hvrat hv
arithmetic mean value of a values of runs for one operator for one hand m/s
a
hv
hv
position
a arithmetic mean value of a values for all operators for one hand position m/s

h
hv
arithmetic mean value of a values for one hand position on several m/s
a h
h
machines
a declared vibration emission value m/s
hd
n measured no-load speed during testing with the test wheel mounted r/min
meas
n rated no-load speed: maximum rotational-speed of the machine according r/min
rat
to the speed marking of the machine
s standard deviation for a test series (for a sample, s) m/s
n−1
σ standard deviation of reproducibility (for a population, σ) m/s
R
C coefficient of variation for a test series
v
K uncertainty m/s
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
4 Basic standards and vibration test codes
This part of ISO 28297 is based on the requirements of ISO 20643 and corresponds to its structure in respect
of clause subjects and numbering except for the annexes.
Annex A presents a model test report, Annex B the means for determining the uncertainty, K, and Annex C
specifies test wheel design.
5 Description of the family of machines
This part of ISO 28297 applies to hand-held machines fitted with guards, which are intended for grinding,
cutting-off and rough sanding, with bonded, coated and super abrasive products for use on all kinds of
materials.
For sanders without guards, see ISO 28927-3.
For applicable wheel types, as defined in ISO 603-14 and ISO 603-16, see Table 1.
The family of machines covered by this part of ISO 28297 comprises the following machines:
⎯ angle and vertical grinders with type 27 wheels of diameters 80 to 300 mm; when the same guard is also
used for type 41 cutting-off wheels then only the vibration value for the type 27 test wheel need be
declared (see 8.4.1 for test wheel specifications);
⎯ angle and vertical grinders with special guards for type 41 cut off wheels; the test shall be carried out
using a type 27 test wheel (see 8.4.1 for test wheel specifications);
⎯ angle and vertical grinders with special guards for stone cutting wheels; the test shall be carried out using
the most appropriate wheel from the types described in Table 2;
⎯ angle and vertical grinders for types 6 and 11 cup wheels with diameters 100 to 180 mm;
⎯ angle and vertical grinders, as well as sanders, for fibre discs and flap wheels with diameters
80 to 300 mm.
Figures 1 to 6 show examples of typical grinders covered by this part of ISO 28927.

Figure 1 — Electrical angle grinder with separate main handle
ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
Figure 2 — Electrical angle grinder whose motor serves as main handle

Figure 3 — Pneumatic angle grinder whose motor serves as main handle

Figure 4 — Pneumatic angle grinder with separate main handle
4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

ISO 28927-1:2009(E)
Figure 5 — Pneumatic vertical grinder

Figure 6 — Angle grinder intended for one-handed operation
6 Characteriza
...