EN ISO 306:2013
(Main)Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
ISO 306:2013 specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials:
method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h;
method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h;
method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h;
method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h.
The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Diese Internationale Norm legt vier Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST) von Thermoplasten fest:
- Verfahren A50 mit einer Kraft von 10 N und einer Heizrate von 50 K/h;
- Verfahren B50 mit einer Kraft von 50 N und einer Heizrate von 50 K/h;
- Verfahren A120 mit einer Kraft von 10 N und einer Heizrate von 120 K/h;
- Verfahren B120 mit einer Kraft von 50 N und einer Heizrate von 120 K/h.
Die festgelegten Verfahren sind nur auf Thermoplaste anwendbar, für die sie eine Kennzahl der Temperatur liefern, bei der die Thermoplaste beginnen schnell zu erweichen.
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
L'ISO 306:2013 spécifie quatre méthodes de détermination de la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) des matières thermoplastiques:
méthode A50 utilisant une charge de 10 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 50 K/h;
méthode B50 utilisant une charge de 50 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 50 K/h;
méthode A120 utilisant une charge de 10 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 120 K/h;
méthode B120 utilisant une charge de 50 N et une vitesse d'échauffement de 120 K/h.
Les méthodes spécifiées sont uniquement applicables aux thermoplastiques. Elles permettent de mesurer la température à laquelle le ramollissement de ces matières devient rapide.
Polimerni materiali - Plastomeri - Ugotavljanje temperature zmehčišča po Vicatu (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Ta mednarodni standard določa štiri metode za ugotavljanje temperature zmehčišča polimernih materialov po Vicatu (VST): – metoda A50 z uporabo sile 10 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 50 °C/h, – metoda B50 z uporabo sile 50 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 50 °C/h, – metoda A120 z uporabo sile 10 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 120 °C/h, – metoda B120 z uporabo sile 50 N in hitrostjo segrevanja 120 °C/h. Opisane metode veljajo za polimerne materiale, za katere podajajo temperaturno meritev, pri kateri se plastomeri začnejo hitro mehčati.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2014
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 306:2004
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL3ODVWRPHUL8JRWDYOMDQMHWHPSHUDWXUH]PHKþLãþDSR9LFDWX
967 ,62
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST)
(ISO 306:2013)
Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO
306:2013)
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de la température de
ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 306:2013
ICS:
83.080.20 Plastomeri Thermoplastic materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 306
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2013
ICS 83.080.20 Supersedes EN ISO 306:2004
English Version
Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat
softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
Plastiques - Matières thermoplastiques - Détermination de Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-
la température de ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO 306:2013)
306:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 November 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
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Kingdom.
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CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 306:2013 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 306:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics" in
collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by May 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 306:2004.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 306:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 306:2013 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 306
Fifth edition
2013-11-15
Plastics — Thermoplastic materials
— Determination of Vicat softening
temperature (VST)
Plastiques — Matières thermoplastiques — Détermination de la
température de ramollissement Vicat (VST)
Reference number
ISO 306:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
ISO 306:2013(E)
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO 306:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Test frame assembly calibration . 5
7 Test specimens. 6
8 Conditioning . 6
9 Procedure. 6
10 Precision . 7
11 Test report . 7
Annex A (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with liquid-filled heating bath and
direct-contact heating unit . 9
Annex B (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with liquid-filled heating bath and
fluidized bed .11
Annex C (informative) Repeatability and precision .13
Bibliography .16
ISO 306:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directives
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patents
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 306:2004), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are the following additions:
— new apparatus, namely heating equipment consisting of a fluidized bed;
— precision data based on round robin testing performed in 2009;
— comparison data for tests with liquid-filled and fluidized bed.
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO 306:2013(E)
Introduction
This revision introduces heating equipment, consisting of a fluidized bed, as a new apparatus; this is as
an alternative to liquid-filled heating baths and direct-contact heating units. Fluidized beds can reach
higher temperatures than traditional liquid-filled heating baths; therefore, they represent a suitable
way to measure the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials having improved
thermo-mechanical properties.
It was also felt necessary to add
— precision data based on round robin testing performed in 2009, and
— comparison data for tests with liquid-filled and fluidized bed.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 306:2013(E)
Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of
Vicat softening temperature (VST)
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening
temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials:
— method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h;
— method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h;
— method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h;
— method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h.
The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the
temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 291, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
ISO 293, Plastics — Compression moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials
ISO 294-1, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 1: General
principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens
ISO 294-2, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 2: Small
tensile bars
ISO 294-3, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 3: Small plates
ISO 472, Plastics — Vocabulary
ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 20753, Plastics — Test specimens
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.
3.1
penetration
distance over which the indenting tip has to penetrate into the specimen under test
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm).
ISO 306:2013(E)
3.2
load
force applied to test specimen by means of the indenting tip
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in Newtons (N).
3.3
Vicat softening temperature
VST
temperature at which a flat-ended needle penetrates the specimen to a depth of 1 mm under a specified
load using a selected uniform rate of temperature rise
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C).
4 Principle
The temperature at which a standard indenting tip with a flat point penetrates 1 mm into the surface of
a plastic test specimen is determined. The indenting tip exerts a specified force perpendicular to the test
specimen, while the specimen is heated at a specified and uniform rate.
The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the specimen, measured as close as possible to the indented area
at 1 mm penetration, is quoted as the VST.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Heating equipment, consisting of one of the following (5.1.1, 5.1.2 or 5.1.3) that will accept a
minimum of two test frame assemblies and a cooling device (5.1.4).
The heating equipment shall be provided with means of temperature control, enabling the temperature
to be raised at a uniform rate of (50 ± 5) K/h or (120 ± 10) K/h.
The heating rate shall be verified
— either by checking and recording automatically over the whole temperature range, or
— by manually checking and recording the temperature change at 6-min intervals over the temperature
range being verified.
The requirement for the heating rate shall be considered satisfied if, over every 6-min interval during
the test, the temperature change is (5 ± 0,5) °C or (12 ± 1) °C, respectively. For multiposition heating
equipment, the heating rate shall be verified at each test station. The apparatus may be designed to shut
off the heat automatically and sound an alarm when the specified indentation has been reached.
5.1.1 Liquid-filled heating bath, containing a liquid in which the test specimen can be immersed to a
depth of at least 35 mm. Liquid paraffin, transformer oil, glycerol and silicone oil are suitable liquid heat-
transfer media, but other liquids may be used. An efficient stirrer shall be provided. It shall be established
that the liquid chosen is stable at the temperature used and does not affect the material under test, for
example by swelling or cracking. Do not heat the liquid filled heating bath in excess of the flash point
specified by the heat transfer media manufacturer.
5.1.2 Direct-contact heating unit, containing heaters and blocks, which through conductive heating,
raise the temperature of the specimen at a controlled rate until the VST is reached.
5.1.3 Fluidized bed, containing a powder bed (e.g. aluminium oxide powder), in which the test specimen
can be immersed to a depth of at least 35 mm. This type of apparatus uses a micrometric aluminium oxide
powder, which when mixed with a suitable flow of heated air, creates a liquid-like heating medium. The
maximum working temperatures (and measurable VSTs) are therefore much higher than those attainable
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
ISO 306:2013(E)
with liquids according to 5.1.1. An efficient stirring mechanism shall be provided, in order to achieve a
temperature homogeneity in the specimen area analogous to the case of a liquid-filled heating bath.
5.1.4 Cooling device, as an optional means to reduce the temperature of the heating device; it may be
used to reduce the time between tests.
5.2 Test frame assemblies (see Figures 1 and 2), consisting of the following.
5.2.1 Rod and frame, provided with a support plate or other suitable load-application device, held in a
rigid metal frame. The rod shall be able to move freely, with minimum friction, in a vertical direction. The
rod shall be designed to accept weights that will apply the test load. The base of the frame supports the
test specimen under the indenting tip at the end of the rod (see Figures 1 and 2). It is recommended that
the rod and the frame(s) be constructed of low thermal expansion material.
5.2.2 Indenting tip, preferably of hardened steel, 1,5 mm to 3 mm long, of circular cross-section and
of area (1,000 ± 0,015) mm (corresponding to an indenting-tip diameter of (1,128 ± 0,008) mm), fixed
at the bottom of the rod (5.2.1). The surface of the indenting tip in contact with the specimen shall be flat
and perpendicular to the axis of the rod, and free from burrs.
5.2.3 Weights, applied to the rod (5.2.1) centrally, so that the total load applied to the test specimen is
(10 ± 0,2) N for methods A50 and A120 and (50 ± 1) N for methods B50 and B120.
5.2.4 Penetration-measuring dev
...
Frequently Asked Questions
EN ISO 306:2013 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013)". This standard covers: ISO 306:2013 specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials: method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h; method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h; method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h; method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h. The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
ISO 306:2013 specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials: method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h; method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h; method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h; method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h. The methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.
EN ISO 306:2013 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN ISO 306:2013 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN ISO 306:2004, EN ISO 306:2022. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN ISO 306:2013 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
標準EN ISO 306:2013は、プラスチック分野における熱可塑性材料のVicat軟化温度（VST）の測定に関する、国際的に認められた規格です。この標準により、熱可塑性材料の軟化特性を評価するための4つの異なる方法が提供されています。具体的には、方法A50およびB50はそれぞれ10 Nおよび50 Nの力を用い、加熱速度は50 K/hとしており、方法A120およびB120では同様に、力が10 Nまたは50 Nで、加熱速度が120 K/hとなっています。 この標準の明確なメリットは、熱可塑性材料の特性評価において、迅速かつ一貫性のあるデータを提供する点にあります。これにより、メーカーは材料の適切な使用温度を確定し、製品設計や製造プロセスにおける品質管理の向上が図れる点で、その重要性が強調されます。 また、EN ISO 306:2013は、熱可塑性素材の特性を測定する上での国際的な統一基準を提供しており、異なる地域や業界間での標準化にも寄与します。業界内の取引先や顧客との共通の理解を深めることにより、信頼性の向上にもつながります。 以上のように、EN ISO 306:2013は、熱可塑性材料のVicat軟化温度の測定に関する実用的かつ重要な標準であり、その適用範囲の広さと明瞭な手法によって、プラスチック材料の特性評価の信頼性を高めることに寄与しています。
EN ISO 306:2013 표준은 열가소성 재료의 비카트 연화 온도(이하 'VST')를 측정하기 위한 네 가지 방법을 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 열가소성 물질의 특성을 이해하고 평가하는 데 중요한 역할을 합니다. 첫 번째로, 방법 A50은 10 N의 힘과 50 K/h의 가열 속도를 사용하여 VST를 측정합니다. 방법 B50은 50 N의 힘과 동일한 가열 속도를 적용합니다. 또한, 방법 A120은 10 N의 힘과 120 K/h의 높은 가열 속도를 제공하여 VST를 평가합니다. 마지막으로, 방법 B120은 50 N과 120 K/h의 조합으로 더 높은 온도에서의 성질을 분석합니다. 이 네 가지 방법은 열가소성 재료의 신속한 연화를 측정하는 데 필요한 근거를 제공합니다. 이 표준의 강점은 비카트 연화 온도를 정확히 측정할 수 있는 다양한 방법을 제공한다는 점입니다. 이는 제조업체와 연구자들이 열가소성 재료의 열적 특성을 보다 잘 이해하고, 제품 개발 및 품질 보증 프로세스에 통합할 수 있게 합니다. 또한, 열가소성 재료의 연화 특성을 테스트하는 이 방법은 산업 전반에 걸쳐 소재 선택의 기반으로 작용하여 실용적인 응용이 가능합니다. 마지막으로, EN ISO 306:2013 표준은 열가소성 재료에만 적용되므로, 특정한 재료군을 대상으로 한 실험 및 평가에 있어 그 중요성이 더욱 강조됩니다. 이러한 표준은 다양한 산업 분야에서 열가소성 재료의 안전성과 성능을 보장하기 위한 필수적인 기초 자료로서 기능하고 있습니다.
The EN ISO 306:2013 standard addresses the critical aspect of measuring the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials, outlining four distinct methodologies. This standard is pivotal for industries that utilize thermoplastics, as it specifies method A50, B50, A120, and B120, each tailored to different force and heating rate combinations. One of the notable strengths of this standard is its comprehensive approach to VST determination, allowing for flexibility based on the specific needs of the material being tested. The methods are detailed, providing clear guidelines on the application of force-10 N or 50 N-and the choice of heating rates-50 K/h or 120 K/h. This rigor ensures that users can select the appropriate method based on the specific characteristics and requirements of their thermoplastic materials. Furthermore, the EN ISO 306:2013 standard is highly relevant in quality control and material characterization. By establishing a common benchmark for the softening temperature of thermoplastics, this standard aids manufacturers, researchers, and quality assurance professionals in ensuring consistency and accuracy in their materials' performance. The defined methods not only enhance reproducibility but also enable comparative analyses across different thermoplastic types, which is essential for product development and compliance with industry regulations. In conclusion, the EN ISO 306:2013 standard is an invaluable resource that underscores the significance of determining the Vicat softening temperature in thermoplastic materials. Its structured methodologies, relevant applications, and clear directives offer significant utility to stakeholders in the plastics industry, thereby reinforcing the essential role of standardization in promoting quality and innovation.
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