ASTM F2397-04a

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F2397 – 04a
Standard Specification for
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Protective Headgear Used in Martial Arts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2397; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This specification covers performance requirements for The purpose of this specification is to provide reliable and
head protection used for training and competition in martial repeatable test methods for the evaluation of protective head-
arts such as karate, wushu, and taekwondo, where normal gear for martial arts training and competition. Injuries resulting
contact between participants may be repeated, but is limited to from accidentally hard hand-to-head impacts, foot-to-head
a level that is not intended to produce injury. These activities impacts, and head-to-ground impacts may be decreased in
typically take place in indoor or outdoor environments where severity and, in some cases, prevented. No headgear can
the temperature is moderate. This specification recognizes the protect against all impacts, foreseeable or not. Forces resulting
desirability of a lightweight and streamlined construction, and from strikes to the head due to kicks, punches, and falls are not
ventilation; however it is a performance specification, and is well understood. The mechanism of possible injury is not
not intended to restrict design. addressed in this specification.
1.2 All testing and requirements of this specification shall
5. Certification
beinaccordancewithTestMethodsF1446,exceptwherenoted
5.1 See Test Methods F1446.
in this specification.
1.3 Partial utilization of this standard is prohibited. Any
6. Apparatus
statement of compliance with this specification shall be a
6.1 Test Headforms—Headforms to be used for the stability
certification that the product meets all of the requirements of
and falling impact tests in this specification are as defined in
the specification in its entirety.Aproduct that fails to meet any
Test Methods F1446. The appropriate size headform shall be
one of the requirements of this specification is considered to
selected for the headgear to be tested. For the striking impact
have failed the specification, and shall not be distributed or
tests in this specification, it is acceptable to use the appropriate
sold with any indication that it meets parts of the specification.
size Hybrid III head- and neck-forms.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.2 Stability Test Instruments and Equipment—Stability test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
instruments and equipment shall be in accordance with the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
requirements of the roll-off test described in Test Methods
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
F1446.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.3 Falling Impact Test Instruments and Equipment—
2. Referenced Documents
Impact test instruments and equipment for falling impact shall
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2.1 ASTM Standards: beinaccordancewiththerequirementsofTestMethodsF1446,
using the flat anvil described in Test Methods F1446.
F1446 Test Methods for Equipment and Procedures Used in
Evaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protective 6.4 Striking Impact Instruments and Equipment—All tests
for striking impact shall be performed with a Hybrid III
Headgear
headform and neck. A tri-axial accelerometer capable of
3. Terminology
measuring impact of at least 1000-G and frequencies greater
3.1 See Test Methods F1446. than 3 kHz, mounted at the center of mass of the headform,
shall be used to measure the resultant acceleration of the
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headform. The headform and neck are to be rigidly connected
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F08 on Sports
Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.53 on at the neck to a 25-kg steel mass, and suspended head-down on
Headgear and Helmets.
a flexible joint. The striker shall be an aluminum tube with a
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
length of 500 6 5 mm from its pivot point to the strike point,
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2397 – 04. DOI:
extend an additional 50 6 5 mm beyond the strike point, and
10.1520/F2397-04A.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
have an external diameter of 80 6 5 mm. The mass of the tube
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
shall be 4.5 6 0.2 kg, uniformly distributed along
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