ASTM D2161-04

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An American National Standard
Designation:D2161 –04
Standard Practice for
Conversion of Kinematic Viscosity to Saybolt Universal
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Viscosity or to Saybolt FurolViscosity
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Summary of Practice
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1.1 This practice covers the conversion tables and equa- 3.1 The Saybolt Universal viscosity equivalent to a given
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tions for converting kinematic viscosity in mm /s at any kinematic viscosity varies with the temperature at which the
temperature to Saybolt Universal viscosity in Saybolt Univer- determination is made. The basic conversion values are those
sal seconds (SUS) at the same temperature and for converting given in Table 1 for 100°F. The Saybolt Universal viscosity
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kinematic viscosity in mm /s at 122 and 210°F (50 and equivalent to a given kinematic viscosity at any temperature
98.9°C) to Saybolt Furol viscosity in Saybolt Furol seconds may be calculated as described in 4.3. Equivalent values at
(SFS) at the same temperatures. Kinematic viscosity values are 210°F are given in Table 1 for convenience.
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based on water being 1.0034 mm /s (cSt) at 68°F (20°C). 3.2 The Saybolt Furol viscosity equivalents are tabulated in
Table 3 for temperatures of 122°F and 210°F only.
NOTE 1—Afundamentalandpreferredmethodformeasuringkinematic
3.3 ExamplesforusingthetablesaregiveninAppendixX1.
viscosity is by use of kinematic viscometers as outlined in Test Method
D 445. It is recommended that kinematic viscosity be reported in
4. Significance and Use
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mm /s , instead of Saybolt Universal Seconds (SUS) or Saybolt
Furol Seconds (SFS). This method is being retained for the purpose of
4.1 At one time the petroleum industry relied on measuring
calculation of kinematic viscosities from SUS and SFS data which appear
kinematic viscosity by means of the Saybolt viscometer, and
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in past literature. One millimetre squared per second (mm /s)
expressing kinematic viscosity in units of Saybolt Universal,
equals one centistoke (cSt), which is another unit comonly found in older
Seconds(SUS)andSayboltFurolSeconds(SFS).Thispractice
literature.
is now obsolete in the petroleum industry.
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1.2 The SI unit of kinematic viscosity, mm /s, and tempera-
4.2 This practice establishes the official equations relating
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ture in degrees Fahrenheit are the standard in this practice.
SUS and SFS to the SI kinematic viscosity units, mm /s.
4.3 This practice allows for the conversion between SUS
2. Referenced Documents
and SFS units and SI units of kinematic viscosity.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent 5. Procedure for Conversion to Saybolt Universal
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity
Viscosity)
5.1 Convert kinematic viscosities between 1.81 and 500
2 2
D 2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Ki-
mm /s(cSt)at100°F,andbetween1.77and139.8mm /s(cSt)
nematic Viscosity at 40 and 100°C
at210°F,toequivalentSayboltUniversalsecondsdirectlyfrom
Table 1 (see Appendix X1, Example 1).
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum NOTE 2—Obtain viscosities not listed, but which are within the range
Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on
given in Table 1, by linear interpolation (see Appendix X1, Example 2).
Flow Properties.
5.2 Convert kinematic viscosities greater than the upper
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originally
approved in 1963, replacing former D 446 and D 666. Last previous edition limits of Table 1 at temperatures of 100 and 210°F to Saybolt
e2
approved in 1999 as D 2161 – 93 (1999) .
Universal viscosities as follows (see Appendix X1, Example
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This practice, together with Practice D 2270, replaces Compilation of ASTM
3):
Viscosity Tables for Kinematic Viscosity Conversions.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Saybolt Universal seconds 5 centistokes 3 B (1)
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2161 –04
where B = 4.632 at 100°F or 4.664 a
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