ASTM D4845-10e1

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Designation: D4845 − 10
StandardTerminology Relating to
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Wool
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4845; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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ε NOTE—Terms were transferred editorially from subcommittee standards in February 2013.
tex mN/tex), or millinewtons per denier (mN/den). Millinewtons are
acid content, n— of felt,thenumberofmilliequivalentsofacid
numerically equal to grams-force times 9.81.
present per unit weight of felt, measured under prescribed
conditions. D461
burr-wool waste, n—wasteremovedbytheburrguardofcards
or burr pickers having a very short fiber and full of burrs or
alkali-solubility, n—in wool, the percent of clean wool that is
seeds. D4845
soluble in a specified alkaline solution under controlled
conditions of temperature and time. D1283 DISCUSSION—The nature of the waste varies according to the wool
from which the burrs are taken.
alpaca, n—the fleece and fiber produced by the alpaca, an
carbonized and neutralized wool, n—a term descriptive of
animal of the genus Llama (Lama glama pacus).The fiber is
scoured wool processed to destroy cellulosic impurities by
obtained from several species, namely, Huacaya and Suri.
treating with a mineral acid or an acid salt, drying and
D2252
DISCUSSION—Alpaca is normally classified according to type, repre- baking, crushing, and dusting out the embrittled cellulosic
senting particular combinations of characteristics appropriate to a
matter followed by neutralization of the acidified wool.
specific use, or descriptive of geographic origin, breed or species of
D2118
animal, or preparation for market.
carded wool, n—scoured wool which has been processed
animal fiber, n—any natural protein-base fiber.
through a carding machine. D1575
D1574, D4510
cashmere, n—in roving, yarn, or fabrics, cashmere hair or
aqueous extract, n—in wool testing, the solution obtained by
products made therewith having a cashmere coarse-hair
digesting a material with water or with a sodium chloride
content not exceeding a specified maximum percentage by
solution to dissolve soluble materials. D2165
length. D2816, D2817
average fiber diameter, n—in wool and other animal fibers,
cashmere coarse-hair, n—those coarse fibers in cashmere hair
the average width of a group of fibers when measured on a
having widths greater than 30 µm. D2816, D2817
projected image. D2130, D2252, D3991, D3992
average fiber diameter, n—the arithmetic mean width of a
cashmere coarse-hair content, n—the total length of the
group of fibers. D6500 cashmere coarse-hair fibers that are present, expressed as a
DISCUSSION—In wool and other animal fibers, all animal fibers,
percentage of the total length of all the cashmere hair fibers;
regardless of species, can be measured using the OFDA to determine
that is, the percentage by length of cashmere coarse-hair in
average fiber diameter. D6500
cashmere hair. D2816, D2817
black felt, n—those classifications of felt manufactured to
cashmere down, n—those fibers in cashmere hair having
various shades of the color black. D2475
widths of 30 µm or less. D2816, D2817
breaking tenacity, n—the tenacity corresponding to the break-
cashmere hair, n—the fibers produced by a form of goat
ing load. D1294, D2524
(Capra hircus) indigenous to Asia and known as the cash-
DISCUSSION—Breaking tenacity is commonly expressed as grams-
mere goat. D2816, D2817
force per tex (gf/tex), grams-force per denier (gf/den), millinewtons per
DISCUSSION—Characteristically, cashmere hair consists of fine down
(undercoat) fibers and coarse (outercoat) fibers.
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ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
clean wool fiber present, n—in raw wool, the mass of wool
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
base present in the raw wool, adjusted to a moisture content
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2010.PublishedJuly2010.Originallyapproved
of 12 %, an alcohol-extractable content of 1.5 %, and a
in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4845 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/
D4845-10E01. mineral matter content of 0.5 %. D584, D1060, D1334
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4845 − 10
colored fiber, n—in wool top, any fiber the color or shade of core, n—in sampling fiber packages, the portion of wool or
which differs from the normal color or shade of the fiber other fiber obtained by using a sampling tube. D1060
mass of the sample. D1770
cortex, n—in mammalian hair fibers, the principal body of the
combing wool, n—wo
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