ASTM D4845-10

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Designation: D4845 − 10
StandardTerminology Relating to
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Wool
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4845; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
acid content, n—of felt, the number of milliequivalents of acid carbonized and neutralized wool, n—a term descriptive of
present per unit weight of felt, measured under prescribed scoured wool processed to destroy cellulosic impurities by
conditions. D461 treating with a mineral acid or an acid salt, drying and
baking, crushing, and dusting out the embrittled cellulosic
alkali-solubility, n—in wool, the percent of clean wool that is
matter followed by neutralization of the acidified wool.
soluble in a specified alkaline solution under controlled
D2118
conditions of temperature and time. D1283
carded wool, n—scoured wool which has been processed
alpaca, n—the fleece and fiber produced by the alpaca, an
through a carding machine. D1575
animal of the genus Llama (Lama glama pacus).The fiber is
obtained from several species, namely, Huacaya and Suri. cashmere, n—in roving, yarn, or fabrics, cashmere hair or
D2252
products made therewith having a cashmere coarse-hair
DISCUSSION—Alpaca is normally classified according to type, repre-
content not exceeding a specified maximum percentage by
senting particular combinations of characteristics appropriate to a
length. D2816, D2817
specific use, or descriptive of geographic origin, breed or species of
animal, or preparation for market.
cashmere coarse-hair, n—those coarse fibers in cashmere hair
having widths greater than 30 µm. D2816, D2817
animal fiber, n—any natural protein-base fiber.
D1574, D4510
cashmere coarse-hair content, n—the total length of the
cashmere coarse-hair fibers that are present, expressed as a
aqueous extract, n—in wool testing, the solution obtained by
percentage of the total length of all the cashmere hair fibers;
digesting a material with water or with a sodium chloride
that is, the percentage by length of cashmere coarse-hair in
solution to dissolve soluble materials. D2165
cashmere hair. D2816, D2817
average fiber diameter, n—in wool and other animal fibers,
cashmere down, n—those fibers in cashmere hair having
the average width of a group of fibers when measured on a
widths of 30 µm or less. D2816, D2817
projected image. D2130, D2252, D3991, D3992
cashmere hair, n—the fibers produced by a form of goat
black felt, n—those classifications of felt manufactured to
(Capra hircus) indigenous to Asia and known as the cash-
various shades of the color black. D2475
mere goat. D2816, D2817
breaking tenacity, n—the tenacity corresponding to the break-
DISCUSSION—Characteristically, cashmere hair consists of fine down
ing load. D1294, D2524 (undercoat) fibers and coarse (outercoat) fibers.
DISCUSSION—Breaking tenacity is commonly expressed as grams-
clean wool fiber present, n—in raw wool, the mass of wool
force per tex (gf/tex), grams-force per denier (gf/den), millinewtons per
base present in the raw wool, adjusted to a moisture content
tex mN/tex), or millinewtons per denier (mN/den). Millinewtons are
numerically equal to grams-force times 9.81. of 12 %, an alcohol-extractable content of 1.5 %, and a
mineral matter content of 0.5 %. D584, D1060, D1334
burr-wool waste, n—wasteremovedbytheburrguardofcards
or burr pickers having a very short fiber and full of burrs or
colored fiber, n—in wool top, any fiber the color or shade of
seeds. D4845
which differs from the normal color or shade of the fiber
DISCUSSION—The nature of the waste varies according to the wool
mass of the sample. D1770
from which the burrs are taken.
combing wool, n—wool that is strong and strictly of combing
length, that is, 2 in. (50 mm) or more. D4845
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ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
commercial composition, n—in wool, the percentages by
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
weight of wool base, moisture, and other nonwool-base
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2010.PublishedJuly2010.Originallyapproved
components in wool to which a specific commercial desig-
in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4845 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/
D4845-10. nation is applied. D2720
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D4845 − 10
commercial designation, n—in wool, a term applied to a lot of dimensional change in boiling water (felt), n—the change in
wool in a stated form, and having a specified commercial length and width with any associated change i
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