ASTM D5/D5M-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The penetration test is used as a measure of consistency. Higher values of penetration indicate softer consistency.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the penetration of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials.
1.2 The needles, containers, and other conditions described in this test method provide for the determinations of penetrations up to 500.
Note 1: See the section on Penetration of Test Methods D244 for information and precision and bias on testing emulsion residue.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5/D5M − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Penetration of Bituminous Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5/D5M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversdeterminationofthepenetration 2.1 ASTM Standards:
of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials. D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
ments
1.2 The needles, containers, and other conditions described
D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen
in this test method provide for the determinations of penetra-
(Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
tions up to 500.
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
NOTE 1—See the section on Penetration of Test Methods D244 for
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
information and precision and bias on testing emulsion residue.
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D8055 Guide for Selecting an Appropriate Electronic Ther-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
mometer for Replacing Mercury Thermometers in D04
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Road and Paving Standards
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
with the standard.
mometers
E563 Practice for Preparation and Use of an Ice-Point Bath
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
as a Reference Temperature
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
E644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Ther-
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
mometers
as requirements of the standard.
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
B46.1 Surface Texture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
2.3 ISO Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ISO Standard 468 Surface Roughness—Parameters, Their
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Values and General Rules for Specifying Requirements
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
3. Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 Definitions—Definitions for many terms common to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
asphalt cement and asphalt binder are found in Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D8.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Rheological Tests. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D5/D5M – 19a. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D0005_D0005M-20. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5/D5M − 20
3.2.1 penetration, n—consistency of a bituminous material intersection between the conical and straight surfaces shall not
expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimetre that a be in excess of 0.2 mm [0.008 in.]. The truncated tip of the
standard needle vertically penetrates a sample of the material cone shall be within the diameter limits of 0.14 and 0.16 mm
under known conditions of loading, time, and temperature. [0.0055and0.0063in.]andsquaretotheneedleaxiswithin2°.
Theentireedgeofthetruncatedsurfaceatthetipshallbesharp
4. Summary of Test Method
and free of burrs. W
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5/D5M − 19a D5/D5M − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Penetration of Bituminous Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5/D5M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the penetration of semi-solid and solid bituminous materials.
1.2 The needles, containers, and other conditions described in this test method provide for the determinations of penetrations
up to 500.
NOTE 1—See the section on Penetration of Test Methods D244 for information and precision and bias on testing emulsion residue.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D36/D36M Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
D244 Test Methods and Practices for Emulsified Asphalts
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D8055 Guide for Selecting an Appropriate Electronic Thermometer for Replacing Mercury Thermometers in D04 Road and
Paving Standards
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
E1137/E1137ME563 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance ThermometersPractice for Preparation and Use of an
Ice-Point Bath as a Reference Temperature
E2251E644 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision LiquidsTest Methods for
Testing Industrial Resistance Thermometers
3
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B46.1 Surface Texture
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on Rheological
Tests.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2019May 1, 2020. Published January 2020May 2020. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as
D5/D5M – 19.D5/D5M – 19a. DOI: 10.1520/D0005_D0005M-19A.10.1520/D0005_D0005M-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5/D5M − 20
3
2.3 ISO Standard:
ISO Standard 468 Surface Roughness—Parameters, Their Values and General Rules for Specifying Requirements
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions for many terms common to asphalt cement and asphalt binder are found in Terminology D8.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 penetration, n—consistency of a bituminous material expressed as the distance in tenths of a millimetre that a standard
needle vertically penetrates a sample of the material under known conditions of loading, time, and temperature
...
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