ASTM D56-01

An American National Standard
Designation:D56–01
Standard Test Method for
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Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD 56;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 1101 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b,
and Method 4291 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 141A.
INTRODUCTION
To ensure an acceptable precision, this dynamic flash point test method employs a prescribed rate
of temperature rise for the material under test. The rate of heating may not in all cases give the
precision quoted in the test method because of the low thermal conductivity of certain materials. To
improve the prediction of flammability,Test Method D 3941, which utilizes a slower heating rate, was
developed. Test Method D 3941 provides conditions closer to equilibrium where the vapor above the
liquid and the liquid are at about the same temperature. If a specification requires Test Method D 56,
do not change to D 3941 or other test method without permission from the specifier.
departments for liquids using this test method.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flash 1.2 This test method can be used to measure and describe
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
point, by tag manual and automated closed testers, of liquids
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with a viscosity below 5.5 mm /s (cSt) at 40°C (104°F), or to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
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cannot be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire
below 9.5 mm /s (cSt) at 25°C (77°F), and a flash point below
93°C (200°F). risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
conditions. However, results of this test method can be used as
1.1.1 For the closed-cup flash point of liquids with the
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following properties: a viscosity of 5.5 mm /s (cSt) or more at elements of fire risk assessment that takes into account all of
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the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard
40°C (104°F); a viscosity of 9.5 mm /s (cSt) or more at 25°C
(77°F); a flash point of 93°C (200°F) or higher; a tendency to of a particular end use.
1.3 Related Standards are Test Methods D 93, D 1310,
form a surface film under test conditions; or containing
suspended solids, Test Method D 93 can be used. D 3828, D 3278, and D 3941.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
1.1.2 For cut-back asphalts refer to Test Methods D 1310
and D 3143. standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
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NOTE 1—The U.S. Department of Transportation (RSTA) and U.S.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Department of Labor (OSHA) have established that liquids with a flash
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
point under 37.8°C (100°F) are flammable as determined by this test
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priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method for those liquids that have a viscosity less than 5.5 mm /s (cSt) at
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40°C (104°F) or 9.5 mm /s (cSt) or less at 25°C (77°F), or do not contain bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
suspended solids or do not have a tendency to form a surface film while
statements see 8.2 and 8.3 and refer to Material Safety Data
under test. Other flash point classifications have been established by these
Sheets.
2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
This test method is under the joint jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
D02.08 on Volatility. 3
Closed Cup Tester
Current edition approved May 10, 2001. Published May 2001. Originally
D 1310 Test Method for Flash Point and Fire Points of
published as D 56 – 18 T. Last previous edition D 56 – 00.
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ForinformationonUnitedStatesDepartmentofTransportationregulations,see Liquids by Tag Open-Cup Apparatus
Codes of United States Regulation 49 CFR Chapter 1 and for information on United
States Department of Labor regulations, see Code of United States Regulation 29
CFR Chapter XVII. Each of these items are revised annually and may be procured
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from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
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DC 20402. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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