ASTM B557-94

Designation: B 557 – 94
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Methods of
Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and
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Magnesium-Alloy Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope E 345 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Foil
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.1 These test methods cover the tension testing of wrought
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Determine the Precision of a Test Method
and cast aluminum- and magnesium-alloy products, excepting
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E 1012 Practice for Verification of Specimen Alignment
aluminum foil.
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Under Tensile Loading
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 The definitions of terms relating to tension testing
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
appearing in Terminology E 6 shall be considered as applying
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
to the terms used in these test methods.
NOTE 1—Exceptions to the provisions of these methods may need to be
made in individual specifications or test methods for a particular material.
4. Significance and Use
NOTE 2—A complete metric companion to Test Methods B 557 has
4.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength and
been developed—Test Methods B 557M; therefore, no metric equivalents
ductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses. This
are presented in these methods.
information may be useful in comparisons of materials, alloy
2. Referenced Documents
development, quality control, and design under certain circum-
stances.
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the
4.2 The results of tension tests of specimens machined to
date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the
standardized dimensions from selected portions of a part or
extent referenced herein:
material may not totally represent the strength and ductility
2.2 ASTM Standards:
properties of the entire end product or its in-service behavior in
B 26/B 26M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Cast-
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different environments.
ings
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4.3 For quality control purposes, results derived from stan-
B 80 Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Sand Castings
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dardized tension test specimens can be considered to be
B 85 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Die Castings
indicative of the response of the material from which they were
B 108 Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold
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taken. These test methods are considered satisfactory for
Castings
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acceptance testing of commercial shipments and have been
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
used extensively in the trade for this purpose.
E 6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
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ing
5. Apparatus
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E 8 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
5.1 Testing Machines:
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
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5.1.1 Machines used for tension testing shall conform to the
Determine Conformance with Specifications
requirements of Practices E 4. The loads used in determining
E 83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
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tensile strength and yield strength shall be within the verified
someters
loading range of the testing machine as defined in Practices
E4.
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-7 on
5.2 Gripping Devices:
Light Metals and Alloys and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05
5.2.1 General—Various types of gripping devices may be
on Testing.
Current edition approved May 15, 1994. Published July 1994. Originally used to transmit the measured load applied by the testing
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published as B 557 – 71. Last previous edition B 557 – 84 .
machine to the test specimens. To ensure axial tensile stress
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For test methods of tension testing of aluminum foil, see Test Methods E 345.
within the gage length, the axis of the test specimen must
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.02.
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coincide with the center line of the heads of the testing
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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B 557
machine. Any departure from this requirement may introduce
bending stresses that are not included in the usual stress
computation (load divided by cross-sectional area).
NOTE 3—The effect of this eccentric loading may be illustrated by
calculating the bending moment and stress thus a
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