ASTM D2816-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere
Standard Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method may be used for determining compliance with a specification for maximum cashmere coarse-hair content and is required to be used for determining compliance with Specification D2817.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D2816 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.
5.2 When the product being tested has a cashmere coarse-hair content that departs significantly either way from the specified amount, the sequential test procedure described herein will result in a substantial reduction in the number of observations required for a decision at the stated level of confidence. On the other hand, when the product being tested has a cashmere coarse-hair content that approaches the specified amount, the sequential procedure ensures that the necessary increased number of observations shall be made to secure a correct decision at the stated level of confidence.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a sequential procedure for determining whether or not the cashmere coarse-hair content of a sample exceeds a specified value.
Note 1: For the maximum allowable cashmere coarse-hair content in cashmere, refer to Specification D2817.
Note 2: For the quantitative analysis of cashmere hair and blends of cashmere hair and other fibers, refer to Test Methods D629.
1.2 This test method is applicable only to cashmere hair in the form of roving, yarn, or fabric, and to the cashmere hair content of blends with other fibers, where the expected cashmere coarse-hair content is not more than five mass percent (see Footnote C of Table 1). For greater expected mass percentages of cashmere coarse-hair, see Test Methods D629.
The data from these studies are on file with the Secretary of Subcommittee D13.13, Committee D13 of ASTM.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Jun-2018
- Technical Committee
- D13 - Textiles
- Drafting Committee
- D13.13 - Wool and Felt
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2015
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2010
Overview
ASTM D2816-18: Standard Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere provides a sequential procedure for determining whether the coarse-hair content in cashmere samples exceeds a specified limit. Established by ASTM International, this standard is critical for the textile industry, especially for manufacturers, suppliers, and buyers dealing with cashmere hair in forms such as roving, yarn, or fabric, and for blends with other fibers. It ensures compliance with specific requirements for maximum coarse-hair content as detailed in ASTM Specification D2817.
This internationally recognized test method supports quality assurance processes, supply chain compliance, and trade in cashmere products by offering a reliable means of characterizing product composition.
Key Topics
- Scope of Application
- Applies to cashmere in roving, yarn, or fabric form.
- Applicable to blends with other fibers when expected coarse-hair content is not more than five mass percent.
- Testing Procedure
- Involves microscopic examination and classification of cashmere fibers to distinguish coarse hairs from fine cashmere down, typically by measuring fiber width.
- Uses a sequential testing approach for efficiency, reducing the number of samples required unless the content is near the specified limit.
- Acceptance Criteria
- Provides a clear method to determine if a lot conforms to or exceeds the specified coarse-hair content.
- Utilizes statistical analysis (e.g., Student’s t-test) in case of dispute over test results between laboratories.
- Reporting Requirements
- Specifies what information must be reported, including the number of fibers examined, number of coarse-hair fibers found, specified maximum content, and compliance assessment.
- Statistical Integrity
- Designed to minimize Type I and Type II errors, enhancing the reliability of decision-making.
Applications
- Quality Control in Textiles:
- Enables manufacturers and textile processors to verify that cashmere products meet quality requirements for maximum coarse-hair content.
- Compliance and Certification:
- Supports suppliers and buyers in demonstrating adherence to ASTM D2817 requirements, facilitating trade and procurement.
- Dispute Resolution:
- Provides a standard procedure for resolving discrepancies in test results between laboratories, ensuring fair assessment of commercial shipments.
- Resourcing and Procurement:
- Used by procurement professionals and quality inspectors to ensure that purchased cashmere materials align with stated product specifications.
Related Standards
- ASTM D2817: Specification for Maximum Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere - defines the allowable limits referenced in D2816.
- ASTM D629: Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles - for analyzing cashmere and fiber blends with higher coarse-hair content.
- ASTM D2130: Test Method for Diameter of Wool and Other Animal Fibers - referenced for apparatus and procedures.
- ASTM D123 and ASTM D4845: Terminology standards related to textiles and wool that provide definitions relevant to this test method.
By adopting ASTM D2816-18, organizations benefit from a standardized, highly reliable test method for controlling and certifying the quality of cashmere products, supporting both industry best practices and international trade. This standard reinforces rigorous testing, compliance, and reporting processes, all of which are vital for brand reputation and marketplace integrity in the global cashmere industry.
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ASTM D2816-18 - Standard Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D2816-18 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method may be used for determining compliance with a specification for maximum cashmere coarse-hair content and is required to be used for determining compliance with Specification D2817. 5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D2816 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias. 5.2 When the product being tested has a cashmere coarse-hair content that departs significantly either way from the specified amount, the sequential test procedure described herein will result in a substantial reduction in the number of observations required for a decision at the stated level of confidence. On the other hand, when the product being tested has a cashmere coarse-hair content that approaches the specified amount, the sequential procedure ensures that the necessary increased number of observations shall be made to secure a correct decision at the stated level of confidence. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers a sequential procedure for determining whether or not the cashmere coarse-hair content of a sample exceeds a specified value. Note 1: For the maximum allowable cashmere coarse-hair content in cashmere, refer to Specification D2817. Note 2: For the quantitative analysis of cashmere hair and blends of cashmere hair and other fibers, refer to Test Methods D629. 1.2 This test method is applicable only to cashmere hair in the form of roving, yarn, or fabric, and to the cashmere hair content of blends with other fibers, where the expected cashmere coarse-hair content is not more than five mass percent (see Footnote C of Table 1). For greater expected mass percentages of cashmere coarse-hair, see Test Methods D629. The data from these studies are on file with the Secretary of Subcommittee D13.13, Committee D13 of ASTM. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method may be used for determining compliance with a specification for maximum cashmere coarse-hair content and is required to be used for determining compliance with Specification D2817. 5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D2816 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias. 5.2 When the product being tested has a cashmere coarse-hair content that departs significantly either way from the specified amount, the sequential test procedure described herein will result in a substantial reduction in the number of observations required for a decision at the stated level of confidence. On the other hand, when the product being tested has a cashmere coarse-hair content that approaches the specified amount, the sequential procedure ensures that the necessary increased number of observations shall be made to secure a correct decision at the stated level of confidence. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers a sequential procedure for determining whether or not the cashmere coarse-hair content of a sample exceeds a specified value. Note 1: For the maximum allowable cashmere coarse-hair content in cashmere, refer to Specification D2817. Note 2: For the quantitative analysis of cashmere hair and blends of cashmere hair and other fibers, refer to Test Methods D629. 1.2 This test method is applicable only to cashmere hair in the form of roving, yarn, or fabric, and to the cashmere hair content of blends with other fibers, where the expected cashmere coarse-hair content is not more than five mass percent (see Footnote C of Table 1). For greater expected mass percentages of cashmere coarse-hair, see Test Methods D629. The data from these studies are on file with the Secretary of Subcommittee D13.13, Committee D13 of ASTM. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D2816-18 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 59.060.10 - Natural fibres. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D2816-18 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D2816-05(2009), ASTM D2817-18, ASTM D4845-10(2018), ASTM D123-17, ASTM D123-15b, ASTM D123-15a, ASTM D123-15, ASTM D629-15, ASTM D123-13a, ASTM D123-13ae1, ASTM D123-13, ASTM D123-12e1, ASTM D123-12, ASTM D4845-10e1, ASTM D4845-10. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D2816-18 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D2816 −18
Standard Test Method for
Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content in Cashmere
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2816; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Content in Cashmere (Withdrawn 2018)
D4845 Terminology Relating to Wool
1.1 This test method covers a sequential procedure for
determiningwhetherornotthecashmerecoarse-haircontentof
3. Terminology
a sample exceeds a specified value.
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.13, Wool and Wool
NOTE 1—For the maximum allowable cashmere coarse-hair content in
Felt, refer to Terminology D4845.
cashmere, refer to Specification D2817.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this test method:
NOTE 2—For the quantitative analysis of cashmere hair and blends of
cashmere hair and other fibers, refer to Test Methods D629. cashmere, cashmere coarse hair, cashmere coarse hair content,
cashmere down, cashmere hair.
1.2 This test method is applicable only to cashmere hair in
the form of roving, yarn, or fabric, and to the cashmere hair
3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, see Termi-
content of blends with other fibers, where the expected nology D123.
cashmere coarse-hair content is not more than five mass
4. Summary of Test Method
percent (see Footnote C of Table 1). For greater expected mass
percentages of cashmere coarse-hair, see Test Methods D629.
4.1 One thousand (or more) individual fibers of cashmere
hair are examined microscopically and classified either as
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the cashmere down or cashmere coarse-hair on the basis of fiber
width.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.2 The procedure (7.1 and 7.2) for classifying a fiber as
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cashmere coarse-hair or cashmere requires microscopic exami-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
nation of fiber segments of fixed length. The number of fiber
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
segments of each width category is proportional to the total
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
length of the fibers in each category. Hence, the percentage by
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
length of cashmere coarse-hair in cashmere hair is equal to the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
percentage by number of cashmere coarse-hair segments as
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
determined by this procedure.
4.3 The observed number of cashmere coarse-hair fibers is
2. Referenced Documents
compared with the numbers in Table 1 and a decision is made
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(1) to accept the lot as conforming, (2) to reject the lot as
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
nonconforming, or (3) to continue testing. The counting,
D629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
classification, and comparison process is continued until a
D2130 Test Method for Diameter ofWool and OtherAnimal
decision can be made as to whether the lot does or does not
Fibers by Microprojection
conform to the specification. Table 1 is based on stated levels
D2817 Specification for Maximum Cashmere Coarse-Hair
of confidence.
5. Significance and Use
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
5.1 This test method may be used for determining compli-
and is the direct responsiblity of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
ance with a specification for maximum cashmere coarse-hair
Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D2816 – 05(2009)
content and is required to be used for determining compliance
which was withdrawn January 2018 and reinstated in July 2018. DOI: 10.1520/
with Specification D2817.
D2816-18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2816−18
A
TABLE 1 Sequential Accept-Reject Numbers for Selected Specifications
B
Specification, Length %
Number of Fi-
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
bers Counted
A R AR ARA R A R A R A R A R A R
C
1 000 . 17 . 18 . 19 . 20 . 21 . 22 . 23 . 24 . 25
2 000 . 19 . 21 . 23 . 25 . 27 . 29 1 31 3 33 5 35
3 000 . 21 . 24 . 27 0 30 3 33 6 36 9 39 12 42 15 45
4 000 . 23 . 27 1 31 5 35 9 39 13 43 17 47 21 51 25 55
5 000 . 25 0 30 5 35 10 40 15 45 20 50 25 55 30 60 35 65
6 000 . 27 3 33 9 39 15 45 21 51 27 57 33 63 39 69 45 75
7 000 . 29 6 36 13 43 20 50 27 57 34 64 41 71 48 77 55 85
8 000 1 31 9 39 17 47 25 55 33 63 41 71 49 79 57 86 65 95
9000 3 331242 215130 60 39 69 48 78 57 87 66 95 75 105
10 000 5 35 15 45 25 55 35 65 45 75 55 85 65 95 75 104 85 115
A
These accept-reject numbers are based on the following conditions:
(1) The probability of accepting a lot that exceeds the specifications by 10 % or more of the specification percent is 0.05.
(2) The probability of rejecting a lot that is 10 % or more of the specification percent below the specification is also 0.05.
B
Extensive interlaboratory tests have shown that, for the concentration of cashmere coarse-hair covered in Table 1, the relationship between “Specification, Length
Percent” and mass percent of cashmere coarse-hair is approximately linear, as shown in (Eq 1):
M 5 3S10.9 (1)
where:
M = mass percent of cashmere coarse-hair, and
S = specified maximum coarse-hair content in length percent (0.2 # S # 1.0).
The data from these studies are on file with the Secretary of Subcommittee D13.13, Committee D13 of ASTM.
C
Blanks correspond to a theoretical number less than zero. No decision to accept can be made until a number of fibers corresponding to the first nonblank entry has been
classified.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in specimens, test specimen, calibration of microprojec
...




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