ASTM F2640-18
(Specification)Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Booster Seats
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Booster Seats
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory performance of the booster seat.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of booster seats.
Note 1: This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in booster seats.
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a booster seat is a juvenile chair, which is placed on an adult chair to elevate a child to standard dining table height. The booster seat is made for the purpose of containing a child, up to 5 years of age, and normally for the purposes of feeding or eating. A booster seat may be height adjustable and include a reclined position.
1.4 No booster seat produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Mar-2018
- Technical Committee
- F15 - Consumer Products
- Drafting Committee
- F15.16 - Highchairs and Hook-On Chairs
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2016
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2007
- Effective Date
- 15-Mar-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2003
- Effective Date
- 10-Aug-2002
- Effective Date
- 10-Nov-1996
- Effective Date
- 10-Nov-1996
- Effective Date
- 10-Nov-1996
Overview
ASTM F2640-18: Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Booster Seats sets forth performance requirements and testing methods to ensure the safe use of booster seats designed for young children. Published by ASTM International, this standard is intended to reduce injuries associated with the normal and foreseeable misuse or abuse of booster seats. These juvenile chairs are commonly used to elevate a child up to five years old to dining table height when placed securely on an adult chair, primarily for feeding or eating.
Key Topics
- Performance Requirements: Comprehensive criteria that evaluate a booster seat’s durability, stability, and overall safety during both normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse.
- Testing Methods: Standardized procedures for testing, including drop, pull, static load, and dimensional assessments to verify product strength, attachment security, stability, and the integrity of restraint systems.
- Hazard Injury Prevention: Focus on preventing injuries related to child falls, tipping incidents, tray disengagement, inadequate restraint, entrapment, and hazardous parts such as sharp edges or small components.
- Child Restraint Systems: Requirements stipulate that booster seats for children under 36 months must include an effective waist and crotch restraint system to prevent removal or ejection during use.
- Marking, Labeling, and Warnings: Booster seats and packaging must display permanent, clear, and conspicuous warning labels and usage instructions to communicate hazards and correct usage to caregivers.
- Instructional Literature: Each booster seat must be accompanied by easy-to-follow written instructions that cover assembly, maintenance, and use, as well as required warning statements.
Applications
ASTM F2640-18 applies to:
- Manufacturers and Designers: Ensures that new booster seats are engineered and produced to meet minimum safety standards, helping reduce product recalls and liability.
- Testing Laboratories: Provides a consistent basis for evaluating booster seat safety, supporting certification and quality assurance processes.
- Retailers and Distributors: Enables selection and marketing of compliant booster seats that align with established consumer safety requirements.
- Regulators and Safety Agencies: Facilitates enforcement and monitoring of booster seat safety in domestic and international markets.
- Parents and Caregivers: Offers peace of mind by underscoring the importance of using only compliant booster seats that display clear usage, warning, and safety information.
Related Standards
- ASTM F963 – Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety: Addresses additional safety aspects for toy accessories that may be included with booster seats.
- 16 CFR 1303 – Ban of Lead-Containing Paint: Regulates acceptable lead levels in coatings applied to children's products.
- 16 CFR 1500.48 & 1500.49 – Technical Requirements: Define criteria for determining the presence of hazardous sharp points and edges.
- 16 CFR 1501 – Small Parts Regulation: Sets forth testing and limits for small part hazards in children's products.
- ANSI Z535.4 – Product Safety Signs and Labels: Specifies design and formatting requirements for safety labels, referenced for labeling and warning statements in this standard.
Practical Value
Adhering to ASTM F2640-18:
- Demonstrates product compliance with recognized international safety benchmarks.
- Minimizes risk of injury to children during routine booster seat use in home and commercial settings.
- Supports legal, regulatory, and market acceptance in jurisdictions that require adherence to ASTM or equivalent standards.
- Provides clear guidelines for safe design, labeling, and consumer education, enhancing trust in juvenile products.
Keywords: ASTM F2640-18, booster seat safety, consumer safety specification, child restraint system, booster seat testing, product labeling, injury prevention, compliance standards, children’s products, juvenile seating safety.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM F2640-18 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Booster Seats". This standard covers: SCOPE 1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory performance of the booster seat. 1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of booster seats. Note 1: This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in booster seats. 1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a booster seat is a juvenile chair, which is placed on an adult chair to elevate a child to standard dining table height. The booster seat is made for the purpose of containing a child, up to 5 years of age, and normally for the purposes of feeding or eating. A booster seat may be height adjustable and include a reclined position. 1.4 No booster seat produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SCOPE 1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory performance of the booster seat. 1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of booster seats. Note 1: This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in booster seats. 1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a booster seat is a juvenile chair, which is placed on an adult chair to elevate a child to standard dining table height. The booster seat is made for the purpose of containing a child, up to 5 years of age, and normally for the purposes of feeding or eating. A booster seat may be height adjustable and include a reclined position. 1.4 No booster seat produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM F2640-18 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 43.040.80 - Crash protection and restraint systems. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM F2640-18 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM F2640-17e1, ASTM F963-23, ASTM F963-16, ASTM F963-11, ASTM D3359-09e1, ASTM F963-08, ASTM D3359-07, ASTM F963-07e1, ASTM F963-03, ASTM D3359-02, ASTM F963-96ae2, ASTM F963-96a, ASTM F963-96ae1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM F2640-18 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F2640 −18
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Booster Seats
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2640; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with booster seats that were
identified by the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). CPSC has identified
hazards resulting in injuries that occurred when children fell from booster seats, tipped over and out
of a booster seat, among other types of incidents. In response to a review of the data received by the
CPSC, this specification attempts to minimize the following: incidents related to tray disengagement,
restraint disengagement or absence of restraint system, stability of a booster seat while attached to
adult chairs and entrapment within a booster seat, in addition to other hazards presented during the use
of booster seats. This specification does not cover booster seats that were either blatantly misused or
used in a careless manner that disregards the warning statements and safety instructions provided with
each booster seat. This specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of booster seat
technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive information
becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of the existing
requirements.
1. Scope 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the perfor-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
mance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satis-
and are not considered standard.
factory performance of the booster seat.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-
test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
mize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of booster seats.
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
children in booster seats.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
booster seat is a juvenile chair, which is placed on an adult
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
chair to elevate a child to standard dining table height. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
booster seat is made for the purpose of containing a child, up
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to 5 years of age, and normally for the purposes of feeding or
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
eating. A booster seat may be height adjustable and include a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
reclined position.
2. Referenced Documents
1.4 No booster seat produced after the approval date of this
consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other
2.1 ASTM Standards:
means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
conforms to all requirements contained herein.
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F15.16 on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as F2640 – 17 . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F2640-18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2640−18
2.2 Federal Regulations: 4. Calibration and Standardization
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that
Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
may be covered with ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring
16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a
covering, unless test instructs differently.
Sharp Point in Toys or OtherArticles Intended for Use by
4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless
Children Under Eight Years of Age
otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s in-
16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a
structions.
Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles
Intended for Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-
16 CFR 1500.50-.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and
turing.
Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by
4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient
Children
temperature of 73 6 9°F (23 6 5°C) for at least 1 h prior to
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-
testing.Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature
ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of
range.
Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be con-
Hazards Because of Small Parts
ducted on the same unit.
2.3 ANSI Standard:
ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels
5. General Requirements
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as
3. Terminology
defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
after testing to this consumer safety specification.
3.1.1 conspicuous, n—label which is visible, when the
5.2 Thereshallbenosmallpartsasdefinedby16CFR1501
product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, to
before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this
a person standing at the sides or front of the booster seat.
specification.
3.1.2 contact surface, n—a surface on the bottom of the
5.3 Wood Parts—Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts
booster seat that will be in contact with the adult chair seating
shall be smooth and free from splinters.
surface.
5.4 Paint—The paint and surface coating on the product
3.1.3 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, ex-
shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.
truded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be
sewn, welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly. 5.5 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—A product, when
in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, shall be
3.1.4 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any
designed and constructed so as to prevent injury to the
position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in
members or components rotate about a common axis or
any descriptive or instructional literature.
fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to
3.1.4.1 Discussion—This specifically excludes positions
one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause
that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to
injury shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigid
be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.
parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and less
3.1.5 nonpaper label, n—any label material, such as plastic
than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible point
or metal, which either will not tear without the aid of tools or
throughout the range of motion of such parts.
tears leaving a sharply defined edge.
5.6 Openings—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a
3.1.6 occupant, n—individual who is in a product that is set wallsectionofanyrigidmateriallessthan0.375-in.(9.53-mm)
up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions. thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also
admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that
3.1.7 paper label, n—any label material which tears without
are between 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and
the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but are
3.1.8 seam, n—means of joining fabric components, such as
limited in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum by another
sewing, welding, heat sealing or gluing.
rigidsurfaceshallbepermissible(seeFig.1).Theproductshall
be evaluated in all manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
3.1.9 static load, n—vertically downward force applied by a
calibrated force gauge or by dead weights.
5.7 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring which
is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating
a space between coils of 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) or greater during
3 static load testing in accordance with 6.3 shall be covered or
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:// otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
www.access.gpo.gov.
5.8 Protective Components—If a child can grasp compo-
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. nentsbetweenthethumbandforefinger,orteeth,(suchascaps,
F2640−18
FIG. 1Openings Examples
sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, 6. Performance Requirements
or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at least a
6.1 Tray Performance (Drop)—The tray shall remain func-
0.040 in. (1.00 mm) gap between the component and its
tional with respect to the booster seat and exhibit no sharp
adjacent parent component, such component shall not be
points,sharpedges,orsmallpartswhensubjectedtoadroptest
removed when tested in accordance with 7.1.
in accordance with 7.2.
5.9 Labeling:
6.2 Tray Performance (Pull)—The tray shall not become
5.9.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non paper) shall be
disengaged or dislocated from its original adjustment position,
permanent when tested in accordance with 7.8.1 – 7.8.3.
when tested in accordance with 7.3 and 7.4.
5.9.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface
6.3 Static Load—A booster seat shall support static loads
of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood
without causing any hazardous conditions as identified within
burning, etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance
this consumer safety specification. Tests shall be conducted in
with 7.8.4.
accordance with 7.5.
5.9.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when
tested in accordance with 7.8.5.
6.4 Child Restraint System:
5.10 Toys—Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or 6.4.1 Booster seats which are age graded for children less
sold with a booster seat, as well as their means of attachment, than 36 months shall provide a child restraint system to secure
must meet applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Speci- a child in any of the manufacturer’s recommended use posi-
fication F963. tions.
F2640−18
6.4.2 The child restraint system shall include both waist and 6.5.2 Followingcompletionofthetestin7.9,theattachment
crotch restraint designed such that the use of the crotch means of the booster seat to the adult chair (a) shall not allow
restraint is mandatory when the restraint system is in use. the booster seat to fall off the adult chair and (b) shall not break
and shall remain functional.
6.6 Structural Integrity:
6.6.1 During and upon completion of the testing in accor-
dance with 7.7, the booster seat shall comply with all of the
following:
6.6.1.1 The booster seat shall not exhibit an instantaneous
change in the height of the occupant seating surface above the
seating surface of the adult chair of more than 1 in. (25.4 mm)
during one cycle of the weight drop. During and after a change
in the height of the seating surface, the booster seat must
comply with the requirements for openings as defined in 5.6
and scissoring, shearing, and pinching as defined in 5.5.
6.6.1.2 There shall be no breakage of any structural com-
ponent.
6.6.1.3 Latching or locking devices which prevent folding
or adjustment of the booster seat shall remain engaged.
6.6.1.4 The angle of the occupant seating surface relative to
theseatingsurfaceoftheadultchairshallnotchangemorethan
10°.
6.7 Booster seats that are supported on the top of the
FIG. 2CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II
backrest, when in all manufacturer’s recommended use
position(s), shall be designed so that:
6.7.1 the seat is not tipped forward more than 10° from the
6.4.3 The child restraint system and its closing means (for
horizontal,
example, buckle) shall not break, separate, or permit removal
6.7.2 the product’s backrest support contacts are contacting
of the CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II (see Fig. 2), from the
the top of the adult chair backrest and extending over and
booster seat when tested in accordance with 7.6.
below the top rear edge of the adult chair backrest.
6.4.4 Ifduringtestin7.6.5.1and7.6.5.2,theposteriorofthe
testdummyispulledpastthefrontedgeoftheseat,thedummy 6.8 Maximum Booster Seat Dimensions:
shall be considered removed.
6.8.1 Whenmeasuredinaccordancewith7.10.1,thebooster
6.4.5 If during test in 7.6.5.3 and 7.6.5.4 the dummy with
seat width shall be at least 0.8 in. (20 mm) less than the
the force applied reaches a vertical position with the bottom of
corresponding dimensions of the adult chair indicated on the
its feet touching or off the seat, the dummy shall be considered
retail package and the seat depth shall be at least 0.4 in. (10
removed.
mm) less than the corresponding dimensions of the adult chair
6.4.6 The waist restraint shall be capable of adjustment with
indicated on the retail package (see 8.6).
a positive, self-locking mechanism that is capable, when
6.8.2 Unsupported Backrest Height—For booster seats that
locked, of withstanding the forces of tests in 7.6.5 without
include an attachment means to the backrest of the adult chair,
allowing restraint movement or slippage of more than 1 in.
but are not supported on the top of the backrest, the height of
(25.4 mm).
the attachment means shall be at least 3.9 in. (100 mm) less
6.4.7 A connecting means and adjustment means for the
than the height of the backrest of the adult chair indicated on
waist restraint shall be capable of usage independent of one
the retail package when measured in accordance with 7.10.2.
another. The connecting means shall not be an adjustment
6.8.3 Supported Backrest Dimensions—Booster seats that
means but may have one integrally attached to it.
are supported on the top of the backrest of the adult chair are
6.4.8 Before shipment, the child restraint system must be
not required to meet 6.8.2. Dimensional requirements for these
attached to the booster seat in such a manner as to not become
products are as follows when measured in accordance with
detached through normal use.
7.10.3:
6.5 Booster Seat Attachment:
6.8.3.1 The maximum width of the product’s backrest sup-
6.5.1 Thereshallbeameansofattachingaboosterseattoan
port contacts shall be at least 0.8 in. (20 mm) less than the
adult chair.
minimum width of the adult chair backrest indicated on the
retail package.
6.8.3.2 The product’s backrest height at its maximum ad-
CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II (shown in Fig. 2) Department of Transportation,
justed position shall be equal to or greater than the maximum
Federal Aviation Administration, April 29, 1974, and CAMI Infant Dummy,
height of the adult chair’s backrest indicated on the retail
Drawing No. SA-1001, Memorandum Report AAC-119-74-14, Revision 11, by
Richard F. Chandler, July 2, 1994. package.
F2640−18
6.8.3.3 The product’s backrest height at its minimum ad- 7.2 Tray, Drop Test—From a height of 36 in. (900 mm)
justed position shall be equal to or less than the minimum measured from the center point of the tray, drop the tray on
height of the adult chair’s backrest indicated on the retail vinyl tile over concrete flooring once on each of four different
package. surfaces, one surface of which shall include the attaching
mechanism. Do not conduct this test on trays that require a tool
7. Test Methods
to remove tray from booster seat.
7.1 Protective Components:
NOTE 2—For the purposes of this test only, the center point of the tray
7.1.1 Test all components in accordance with each of the
coincides with the center of the smallest rectangle that circumscribes the
tray in the plane of the tray.
following methods in the sequence listed.
7.1.2 Secure the booster seat so that it cannot move during
7.3 Tray, Horizontal Force:
the performance of the following tests.
7.3.1 If the tray is of a type required to be tested in
7.1.3 Torque Test—Apply a torque of 4 lbf-in. (0.5 N · m)
accordance with 7.2, perform this test on a tray that has been
gradually within a period of5sina clockwise direction until
tested in accordance with 7.2.
a rotation of 180° from the original position has been attained
7.3.2 Horizontal Pull Test (Front and Rear):
or 4 lbf-in. (0.5N·m)has been reached. Maintain the torque
7.3.2.1 Secure the booster seat to an adult chair per the
or maximum rotation for an additional 10 s. Then remove the
manufacturer’s instructions. Ensure that all legs of the adult
torque and permit the test components to return to a relaxed
chair have contact with the floor so that the booster seat cannot
condition. Then repeat this procedure in the counter clockwise
moveinthedirectionoftheforcebeingapplied.Attachthetray
direction.
in any one of the adjustable positions.
7.1.4 Tension Test:
7.3.2.2 Attach a test device to the center front or back of the
7.1.4.1 Attachaforcegaugetothecomponentcap,sleeveor
trayinsuchamannerthattheforcewillbeexertedonapadnot
plug by means of any suitable device. For components that
exceeding 2 in. (51 mm) in any direction.
cannot reasonably be expected to be grasped between thumb
7.3.2.3 Gradually apply a horizontal force of 45 lbf (200 N)
and forefinger, or teeth, on their outer diameter but have a gap
to the tray withina5s period and maintain for an additional
of 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) or more between the rear surface of the
10 s.
component and the structural member of the booster seat to
7.3.2.4 Perform this procedure a total of 5 times in both
which they are attached, a clamp such as shown in Fig. 3 may
front and rear directions for all adjustable tray positions.
be a suitable device.
7.3.3 Horizontal Pull Test (Sides):
7.1.4.2 Be sure the attachment device does not compress or
7.3.3.1 Perform this test under the same conditions as in
expand the component to hinder removal of the component.
7.3.2.1 with the booster seat affixed in a position so that the
7.1.4.3 Gradually apply a 15-lbf (67-N) force in the direc-
horizontal force of 45 lbf (200 N) is applied perpendicularly to
tion that would normally be associated with the removal of the
the center of a side of the tray within 5 s and maintain for 10 s.
component. Apply the force within 5 s and maintain for an
7.3.3.2 Perform this procedure a total of 5 times on each
additional 10 s.
side of the tray.
7.4 Tray, Vertical Pull Test—Secure the booster seat to an
adult chair, per the manufacturer’s instructions, using the
attachment means provided with the product. Ensure that all
legs of the adult chair have contact with the floor so that the
booster seat cannot move in the direction of the force being
applied. Attach the tray in any one of the adjustable positions.
7.4.1 Vertical Pull Test (Rear):
7.4.1.1 Attach a test device to
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: F2640 − 17 F2640 − 18
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Booster Seats
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2640; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected 8.4.7 and X1.2 in April 2017.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with booster seats that were
identified by the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). CPSC has identified
hazards resulting in injuries that occurred when children fell from booster seats, tipped over and out
of a booster seat, among other types of incidents. In response to a review of the data received by the
CPSC, this specification attempts to minimize the following: incidents related to tray disengagement,
restraint disengagement or absence of restraint system, stability of a booster seat while attached to
adult chairs and entrapment within a booster seat, in addition to other hazards presented during the use
of booster seats. This specification does not cover booster seats that were either blatantly misused or
used in a careless manner that disregards the warning statements and safety instructions provided with
each booster seat. This specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of booster seat
technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive information
becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of the existing
requirements.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory
performance of the booster seat.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably
foreseeable misuse or abuse of booster seats.
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with
children in booster seats.
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a booster seat is a juvenile chair, which is placed on an adult chair to
elevate a child to standard dining table height. The booster seat is made for the purpose of containing a child, up to 5 years of age,
and normally for the purposes of feeding or eating. A booster seat may be height adjustable and include a reclined position.
1.4 No booster seat produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means,
indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16
on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved March 1, 2017April 1, 2018. Published March 2017April 2018. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
ɛ1
F2640 – 16.F2640 – 17 . DOI: 10.1520/F2640-17E01.10.1520/F2640-18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2640 − 18
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
2.2 Federal Regulations:
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for
Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1500.50-.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of Age Which
Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts
2.3 ANSI Standard:
ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 conspicuous, n—label which is visible, when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a person
standing at the sides or front of the booster seat.
3.1.2 contact surface, n—a surface on the bottom of the booster seat that will be in contact with the adult chair seating surface.
3.1.3 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn, welded,
heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.
3.1.4 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—
This specifically excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or
not recommended.
3.1.5 nonpaper label, n—any label material, such as plastic or metal, which either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears
leaving a sharply defined edge.
3.1.6 occupant, n—individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
3.1.7 paper label, n—any label material which tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
3.1.8 seam, n—means of joining fabric components, such as sewing, welding, heat sealing or gluing.
3.1.9 static load, n—vertically downward force applied by a calibrated force gauge or by dead weights.
4. Calibration and Standardization
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring covering,
unless test instructs differently.
4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.
4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9°F (23 6 5°C) for at least 1 h prior to testing.
Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit.
5. General Requirements
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or after testing
to this consumer safety specification.
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volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
F2640 − 18
5.2 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this specification.
5.3 Wood Parts—Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free from splinters.
5.4 Paint—The paint and surface coating on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.
5.5 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—A product, when in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, shall be designed and
constructed so as to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate
about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or
pinching that may cause injury shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33
mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
5.6 Openings—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)
thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that are
between 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but are limited in
depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 1). The product shall be evaluated
in all manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
5.7 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring which is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a space
between coils of 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) or greater during static load testing in accordance with 6.3 shall be covered or otherwise
designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
FIG. 1 Openings Examples
F2640 − 18
5.8 Protective Components—If a child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, (such as caps, sleeves,
or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040 in. (1.00 mm)
gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested in accordance
with 7.1.
5.9 Labeling:
5.9.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.8.1 – 7.8.3.
5.9.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning,
etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.8.4.
5.9.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 7.8.5.
5.10 Toys—Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with a booster seat, as well as their means of attachment, must
meet applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specification F963.
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 Tray Performance (Drop)—The tray shall remain functional with respect to the booster seat and exhibit no sharp points,
sharp edges, or small parts when subjected to a drop test in accordance with 7.2.
6.2 Tray Performance (Pull)—The tray shall not become disengaged or dislocated from its original adjustment position, when
tested in accordance with 7.3 and 7.4.
6.3 Static Load—A booster seat shall support static loads without causing any hazardous conditions as identified within this
consumer safety specification. Tests shall be conducted in accordance with 7.5.
6.4 Child Restraint System:
6.4.1 Booster seats which are age graded for children less than 36 months shall provide a child restraint system to secure a child
in any of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
6.4.2 The child restraint system shall include both waist and crotch restraint designed such that the use of the crotch restraint
is mandatory when the restraint system is in use.
FIG. 2 CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II
6.4.3 The child restraint system and its closing means (for example, buckle) shall not break, separate, or permit removal of the
CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II (see Fig. 2), from the booster seat when tested in accordance with 7.6.
6.4.4 If during test in 7.6.5.1 and 7.6.5.2, the posterior of the test dummy is pulled past the front edge of the seat, the dummy
shall be considered removed.
6.4.5 If during test in 7.6.5.3 and 7.6.5.4 the dummy with the force applied reaches a vertical position with the bottom of its
feet touching or off the seat, the dummy shall be considered removed.
CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II (shown in Fig. 2) Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, April 29, 1974, and CAMI Infant Dummy, Drawing
No. SA-1001, Memorandum Report AAC-119-74-14, Revision 11, by Richard F. Chandler, July 2, 1994.
F2640 − 18
6.4.6 The waist restraint shall be capable of adjustment with a positive, self-locking mechanism that is capable, when locked,
of withstanding the forces of tests in 7.6.5 without allowing restraint movement or slippage of more than 1 in. (25.4 mm).
6.4.7 A connecting means and adjustment means for the waist restraint shall be capable of usage independent of one another.
The connecting means shall not be an adjustment means but may have one integrally attached to it.
6.4.8 Before shipment, the child restraint system must be attached to the booster seat in such a manner as to not become
detached through normal use.
6.5 Booster Seat Attachment:
6.5.1 There shall be a means of attaching a booster seat to an adult chair.
6.5.2 Following completion of the test in 7.9, the attachment means of the booster seat to the adult chair (a) shall not allow the
booster seat to fall off the adult chair and (b) shall not break and shall remain functional.
6.6 Structural Integrity:
6.6.1 During and upon completion of the testing in accordance with 7.7, the booster seat shall comply with all of the following:
6.6.1.1 The booster seat shall not exhibit an instantaneous change in the height of the occupant seating surface above the seating
surface of the adult chair of more than 1 in. (25.4 mm) during one cycle of the weight drop. During and after a change in the height
of the seating surface, the booster seat must comply with the requirements for openings as defined in 5.6 and scissoring, shearing,
and pinching as defined in 5.5.
6.6.1.2 There shall be no breakage of any structural component.
6.6.1.3 Latching or locking devices which prevent folding or adjustment of the booster seat shall remain engaged.
6.6.1.4 The angle of the occupant seating surface relative to the seating surface of the adult chair shall not change more than
10°.
6.7 Booster seats that are supported on the top of the backrest, when in all manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), shall
be designed so that:
6.7.1 the seat is not tipped forward more than 10° from the horizontal,
6.7.2 the product’s backrest support contacts are contacting the top of the adult chair backrest and extending over and below
the top rear edge of the adult chair backrest.
6.8 Maximum Booster Seat Dimensions:
6.8.1 When measured in accordance with 7.10.1, the booster seat width shall be at least 0.8 in. (20 mm) less than the
corresponding dimensions of the adult chair listedindicated on the retail package and the seat depth shall be at least 0.4 in. (10 mm)
less than the corresponding dimensions of the adult chair listedindicated on the retail package (see 8.6).
6.8.2 Unsupported Backrest Height—If the booster seat includes For booster seats that include an attachment means to the
backrest of the adult chair, the but are not supported on the top of the backrest, the height of the attachment means shall be at least
3.9 in. (100 mm) less than the height of the backrest of the adult chair listedindicated on the retail package when measured in
accordance with 7.10.2.
6.8.3 Supported Backrest Dimensions—Booster seats that are supported on the top of the backrest of the adult chair are not
required to meet 6.8.2. Dimensional requirements for these products are as follows when measured in accordance with 7.10.3:
6.8.3.1 The maximum width of the product’s backrest support contacts shall be at least 0.8 in. (20 mm) less than the minimum
width of the adult chair backrest indicated on the retail package.
6.8.3.2 The product’s backrest height at its maximum adjusted position shall be equal to or greater than the maximum height
of the adult chair’s backrest indicated on the retail package.
6.8.3.3 The product’s backrest height at its minimum adjusted position shall be equal to or less than the minimum height of the
adult chair’s backrest indicated on the retail package.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Protective Components:
7.1.1 Test all components in accordance with each of the following methods in the sequence listed.
7.1.2 Secure the booster seat so that it cannot move during the performance of the following tests.
7.1.3 Torque Test—Apply a torque of 4 lbf-in. (0.5 N · m) gradually within a period of 5 s in a clockwise direction until a rotation
of 180° from the original position has been attained or 4 lbf-in. (0.5 N · m) has been reached. Maintain the torque or maximum
rotation for an additional 10 s. Then remove the torque and permit the test components to return to a relaxed condition. Then repeat
this procedure in the counter clockwise direction.
7.1.4 Tension Test:
7.1.4.1 Attach a force gauge to the component cap, sleeve or plug by means of any suitable device. For components that cannot
reasonably be expected to be grasped between thumb and forefinger, or teeth, on their outer diameter but have a gap of 0.04 in.
(1.0 mm) or more between the rear surface of the component and the structural member of the booster seat to which they are
attached, a clamp such as shown in Fig. 3 may be a suitable device.
7.1.4.2 Be sure the attachment device does not compress or expand the component to hinder removal of the component.
F2640 − 18
FIG. 3 Tension Test Adapter/Clamp
7.1.4.3 Gradually apply a 15-lbf (67-N) force in the direction that would normally be associated with the removal of the
component. Apply the force within 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s.
7.2 Tray, Drop Test—From a height of 36 in. (900 mm) measured from the center point of the tray, drop the tray on vinyl tile
over concrete flooring once on each of four different surfaces, one surface of which shall include the attaching mechanism. Do not
conduct this test on trays that require a tool to remove tray from booster seat.
NOTE 2—For the purposes of this test only, the center point of the tray coincides with the center of the smallest rectangle that circumscribes the tray
in the plane of the tray.
7.3 Tray, Horizontal Force:
7.3.1 If the tray is of a type required to be tested in accordance with 7.2, perform this test on a tray that has been tested in
accordance with 7.2.
7.3.2 Horizontal Pull Test (Front and Rear):
7.3.2.1 Secure the booster seat to an adult chair per the manufacturer’s instructions. Ensure that all legs of the adult chair have
contact with the floor so that the booster seat cannot move in the direction of the force being applied. Attach the tray in any one
of the adjustable positions.
7.3.2.2 Attach a test device to the center front or back of the tray in such a manner that the force will be exerted on a pad not
exceeding 2 in. (51 mm) in any direction.
7.3.2.3 Gradually apply a horizontal force of 45 lbf (200 N) to the tray within a 5 s period and maintain for an additional 10 s.
7.3.2.4 Perform this procedure a total of 5 times in both front and rear directions for all adjustable tray positions.
7.3.3 Horizontal Pull Test (Sides):
7.3.3.1 Perform this test under the same conditions as in 7.3.2.1 with the booster seat affixed in a position so that the horizontal
force of 45 lbf (200 N) is applied perpendicularly to the center of a side of the tray within 5 s and maintain for 10 s.
7.3.3.2 Perform this procedure a total of 5 times on each side of the tray.
7.4 Tray, Vertical Pull Test—Secure the booster seat to an adult chair, per the manufacturer’s instructions, using the attachment
means provided with the product. Ensure that all legs of the adult chair have contact with the floor so that the booster seat cannot
move in the direction of the force being ap
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