ASTM D5807-18

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Designation: D5807 − 08 (Reapproved 2013) D5807 − 18
Standard Practice for
Evaluating the Overpressurization Characteristics of
Inflatable Restraint Cushions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5807; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the procedures and conditions used to evaluate the physical performance of inflatable restraint cushions
during and after overpressurization testing at elevated pressures capable of causing cushion bursting using air pressurization
equipment.
1.2 The physical performance characteristics that may be obtained in conjunction with this practice are internal cushion
pressures determined by instrumentation and material integrity, determined by visual inspection.
1.3 This practice is applicable to all inflatable restraint cushions.
1.4 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this practice may be used by agreement between purchaser and supplier
with the specific deviations from this practice acknowledged in the report.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Section 8 for specific hazard information.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D6799 Terminology Relating to Inflatable Restraints
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.2 For all terminology relating to D13.20, Inflatable Restraints, refer to Terminology D6799.
3.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: cushion, cushion overpressurization, deployment, inflatable restraint,
module, standard atmosphere for testing textiles.
3.3 For all other terms related to textiles, see Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Inflatable restraint cushions are tested under laboratory conditions to evaluate cushion integrity when exposed to internal
cushion pressures greater than deployment pressures. If cushion rupture occurs, the rupture pressure, time to rupture, and mode
of rupture are recorded.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints.
Current edition approved July 1, 2013July 1, 2018. Published September 2013July 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D5807 – 08.D5807 – 08(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D5807-08R13.10.1520/D5807-18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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D5807 − 18
4.2 Inflatable restraint cushions are mounted into a test stand that allows for inflations under conditions that exceed deployment
pressures. Instrumentation within the test stand charts inflation pressures versus time and may allow for photographic review of
the overpressurization sequence.
4.3 Cushion overpressurization results are reviewed for pressure and time relationships, and post-inflation material analysis.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice is intended to be a general guideline for repetitive testing, safe conduct of tests, and accurate data collection
for inflatable restraints. Cushion overpressurization testing may be used for design and production validation, for manufacturing
process control, for lot acceptance, or for a combination thereof.
5.2 This practice constitutes the conditions, apparatus, and procedures by which inflatable restraints are commonly tested for
cushion overpressurization. It is intended to be used as a guideline in establishing a cushion specification or equivalent document.
The practices in the specification may deviate from the practices described herein when (based on experience) considerations of
equipment, cushion design, or other factors dictate otherwise.
5.3 There exists a large variety in cushion configurations and equipment designs, obviating a standard test method for cushion
overpressurization. Therefore, a cushion specification should incorporate the practices stated herein when describing a test method
for testing a specific cushion geometry and apparatus design. To ensure accuracy and repeatability, the specification should also
address precision and bias in a manner consistent with ASTM prescribed procedures and consistent with the particular cushion
geometry, equipment in use, and test procedures.
5.3.1 Sources of variation in cushion overpressurization testing procedures include orifice size, attachment fixture, sensor
location, method of attachment, presence or absence of internal bladder, accumulator size and pressure, transducer type and
location, the presence or absence of tethers, presence or absence of vent plugs, and the accuracy of timing devices and pressure
sensors. All sources of equipment and procedural variation should be addressed in the applicable specification.
5.4 In accordance with the applicable specification, cushions may be pressurized without bursting to determine their resistance
to a fixed level of high internal pressure, or they may be subjected to increasing pressures to determine their ultimate bursting
strength.
6. Apparatus for Testing of Driver and Passenger Cushions
6.1 Plastic Liner Bags, with a combined bursting strength of 3.5 kPa (0.5 psi) or less for use as optional bladders to aid in the
bursting of cushions whose fabric permeability is too high to permit ultimate bursting strength testing without them.
6.2 Patches or Plugs, to seal cushion vents, if cushion bursting is required and cushion overpressurization testing equipment
does not provide the required air volume for bursting.
6.3 Pressure Vessel, capable of being charged pneumatically from 0 to no less than 865 kPa (0 to no less than 125 psi) with a
tolerance of 63 %, of sufficient volume to adequately challenge the volume of the cushion being tested, and equipped with intake
and outlet air lines and a quick-release solenoid valve.
6.4 Mounting Fixture, capable of retaining the cushion assembly by its attachment points without damaging the cushion
material, in an orientation for free expansion of the cushion geometry, and with sufficient physical and noise shielding for operator
protection if the cushion overpressurization testing unit is not physically isolated in a separate room from the operator during
actuation.
6.5 Pressure Transducer and Pickup Tube, suitable for measuring pressures inside the cushion from 0–700 kPa (0–100 psi) with
a tolerance of 63 %, mounted in a static or low pressure area in the test fixture that does not interfere with cushion
overpressurization.
6.6 Data Acquisition System, suitable for recording the output of the pressure transducer versus elapsed time of overpressur-
ization (optional).overpressurization.
6.6.1 Filter requirements, data sampling rate, transducer frequency response, and amplifier frequency response shall be such that
minimal effect on accuracy of the data occurs. Overall accuracy of the data acquisition system shall be within 63 %.
6.7 Electrical Firing Pulse Source, suitable for actuating the inflation and for communicating with the data acquisition system
dependent on an electrical signal.
6.8 Film or Tape High Speed Video System, suitable for recording the cushion geometry or mode of rupture during
overpressurization at 1000 or more frames per second, and capable of being synchronized precisely with a firing pulse (optional).
6.9 Lighting System, suitable for high resolution photography (optional).
7. Apparatus for Testing of Side Curtain and Other Cushions Designed to Maintain Pressure
7.1 Continuous Flow Compressed Air Source, capable of supplying from 0 to no less than 345 kPa (50 psi) and preferably 690
kPa (100 psi) sufficient volume flow to adequately challenge the strength of the cushion being tested, and equipped with either
manual or electrically controlled valve.
D5807 − 18
7.2 Mounting Fixture, capable of retaining the cushion assembly by its attachment points without damaging the cushion
material, in an orientation for free expansion of the cushion geometry, and with sufficient physical and noise shielding for operator
protection if the cushion overpressurization testing unit is not physically isolated in a separate room from the operator during
actuation.
7.3 Pressure Transducer and Pickup Tube, suitable for measuring pressures inside the cushion from 0–700 kPa (0–100 psi) with
a tolerance of 61 %
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