ASTM F442/F442M-23

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F442/F442M − 20 F442/F442M − 23 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe
(SDR–PR)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F442/F442M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) pipe made in standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratios
and pressure rated for water (see Appendix X1). Included are criteria for classifying CPVC plastic pipe materials and CPVC plastic
pipe, and requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and
extrusion quality. Methods of marking are also given.
NOTE 1—The CPVC pipe covered by this specification was covered previously in Specification D2241.
NOTE 2—The sustained and burst pressure test requirements and the pressure ratings in the Appendix X1 are calculated from stress values obtained from
tests made on pipe 2 in. [50 mm] and smaller. However, tests on larger pipe have shown these stress values to be valid.
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which are
chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to inherent hazards associated with testing components and systems with
compressed air or other compressed gases some manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. Consult with
specific product/component manufacturers for their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing.
NOTE 3—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious safety hazards should a
system fail for any reason.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification:This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 8.4.1.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl Based
Pipe.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020Feb. 1, 2023. Published August 2020April 2023. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as
F442F442/F442M –19. DOI: 10.1520/F0442_F0442M-20. –20. DOI: 10.1520/F0442_F0442M-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F442/F442M − 23
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for
Thermoplastic Pipe Products
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
2.2 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.4 NSF Standards:
NSF/ANSI Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related Materials
NSF/ANSI/CAN Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components—Health Effects
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
D1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastic is CPVC.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 hydrostatic design stress— the estimated maximum tensile stress the material is capable of withstanding continuously with
a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur. This stress is circumferential when internal hydrostatic water
pressure is applied.
3.2.2 pressure rating (PR)—the estimated maximum water pressure the pipe is capable of withstanding continuously with a high
degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.
3.2.3 relation between standard dimension ratio, hydrostatic design stress, and pressure rating—the following expression,
commonly known as the ISO equation, is used in this specification to relate standard dimension ratio, hydrostatic design stress,
and pressure rating:
2 S/P 5 R 2 1or 2 S/P 5 D /t 2 1
~ !
o
where:
S = hydrostatic design stress, psi [MPa],
P = pressure rating, psi [kPa],
D = average outside diameter, in. [mm]
o
t = minimum wall thickness, in. [mm], and
R = standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (D ⁄t for CPVC pipe), also known as SDR.
o
3.2.4 standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (SDR)—the standard thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (SDR) is the ratio of
pipe diameter to wall thickness. For CPVC pipe it is calculated by dividing the average outside diameter of the pipe in millimetres
or in inches by the minimum wall thickness in millimetres or in inches. If the wall thickness calculated by this formula is less than
0.060 in. [1.52 mm], it shall be arbitrarily increased to 0.060 in. [1.52 mm]. The SDR values shall be rounded to the nearest 0.5.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, http://www.nsf.org.
See ISO R161-1960: Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids (Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part 1, Metric Series.
F442/F442M − 23
3.2.5 standard thermoplastic pipe materials designation code—the pipe materials designation code shall consist of the
abbreviation CPVC for the type of plastic, followed by the ASTM type and grade in Arabic numerals and the design stress at 73 °F
[23 °C] in units of 100 psi [690 kPa] with any decimal figures dropped, followed by the design stress at 180 °F [82 °C] in units
of 100 psi [0.7 MPa] with any decimal figures dropped. When the design stress code contains less than two figures, a cipher shall
be used before the number. Thus a complete material code shall consist of four letters and six figures for CPVC plastic pipe
materials (see Section 5, Note 5 and X1.2.1).
4. Classification
4.1 General—This specification covers CPVC pipe made from one CPVC plastic pipe material in six standard dimension ratios
and water pressure ratings for nonthreaded pipe.
4.2 Standard Thermoplastic Pipe Dimension Ratios (SDR)—This specification covers CPVC pipe in six standard dimension ratios,
namely, 11, 13.5, 17, 21, 26, and 32.5, which are uniform for all nominal pipe sizes for each material and pressure rating. These
are referred to as SDR11, SDR13.5, SDR21, SDR17, SDR26, and SDR32.5, respectively. The pressure rating is uniform for all
nominal pipe sizes for a given CPVC pipe material and SDR (see Table X1.1).
4.3 Hydrostatic Design Stresses—This specification covers CPVC pipe made from CPVC plastic as defined by hydrostatic design
stresses developed on the basis of long-term tests (see Appendix X1).
NOTE 4—This standard specification does not include requirements for pipe and fittings intended to be used to vent combustion gases.
5. Materials
5.1 General—Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastics used to make pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are
categorized by means of two criteria, namely, (1) short-term strength tests, and (2) long-term hydrostatic strength tests at both
7373 °F and 180 °F [23[23°C and 82 °C].
5.2 Basic Materials:
5.2.1 Basic Materials – Short-term Tests—This specification covers pipe made from CPVC plastics having certain physical
properties as described in SpecificationClassification D1784.
5.2.1.1 Compound—The CPVC compounds used for this pipe shall equal or exceed the classification 23447 described in
SpecificationClassification D1784.
5.2.2 Basic Materials – Long-term Test—This specification convers pipe made from CPVC plastics having certain Hydrostatic
Design Bases (HDB) and Hydrostatic Design Stresses (HDS) described in Test Method D2837.
5.2.2.1 Compound—The CPVC compounds used for this pipe shall have a Hydrostatic Design Basis at 73 °F [23 °C] of 4000 psi
[28 MPa], and a Hydrostatic Design Basis at 180 °F [82 °C] of either 1000 psi [7.0 MPa] or 1250 psi [8.6 MPa] when evaluated
in accordance with Test Method D2837.
5.2.3 Standard thermoplastic pipe materials designation—The pipe materials designation shall consist of the material designation
code CPVC 4120-05 or CPVC 4120-06 for the type of plastic.
NOTE 5—As per Terminology F412 (see, “code, thermoplastic pipe materials designation”) the pipe materials designation code CPVC 4120 is as follows:
CPVC is the abbreviation for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) as per Terminology D1600, 41 represents Cell Classification 23447 per Specification-
Classification D1784, and 20 represents a HDS of 2000 psi (14 MPa) for water at 73 °F (23 °C) per Test Method D2837. In addition, the -05 or -06 suffix
represents a HDS of 500 psi (3.4 MPa) or 625 psi (4.3 MPa) respectively for water at 180 °F (82 °C) per Test Method D2837.
5.3 Rework Material—The manufacturers shall use only their own clean rework pipe material and the pipe produced shall meet
all the requirements of this specification.
6. Requirements
6.1 Dimension and Tolerances:
F442/F442M − 23
6.1.1 Outside Diameters—The outside diameters and tolerances shall be as shown in Table 1 when measured in accordance with
Test Method D2122. The tolerances on out-of-roundness shall apply only to pipe prior to shipment.
6.1.2 Wall Thickness—The wall thicknesses and tolerances shall be as shown in Table 2 when measured in accordance with Test
Method D2122.
6.1.3 Wall Thickness Range—The wall thickness range shall be within 12 % when measured in accordance with Test Method
D2122.
6.2 Sustained Pressure—The pipe shall not fail, balloon, burst, or weep as defined in Test Method D1598 at the test pressures given
in Table 3 when tested in accordance with 8.4.
6.2.1 Accelerated Regression Test—At the option of the manufacturer, the accelerated regression test may be used as a substitute
for both pressure tests—sustained and burst. The test shall be conducted in accordance with 8.4.1. The pipe shall demonstrate a
hydrostatic design basis projection at the 100 000-h100 000 h intercept that meets the hydrostatic design basis category
requirement (see Table 1, Test Method D2837) for the CPVC material used in its manufacture. If the lower confidence value at
100 000 h 100 000 h differs from the extrapolated LTHS value by more than 15 % of the latter; or M in Appendix X2 (Test Method
D2837) is zero or negative; or b in the equation h = a + bf in Appendix X1 (Test Method D2837) is positive, consider the data
unsuitable.
6.3 Burst Pressure—The minimum burst pressures for CPVC plastic pipe shall be as given in Table 4, when determined in
accordance with 8.5.
6.4 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting, cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance with 8.6.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
7.1 The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects. The pipe
shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.
NOTE 6—Color and transparency or opacity should be specified in the contract or purchase order.
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe
Tolerances, in. [mm]
Maximum Out-of-Roundness
Average Outside (maximum minus minimum diameter)
Nominal Pipe Size
Diameter,
SDR17
(NPS)
SDR32.5
in. [mm]
SDR13.5
SDR26
SDR11
SDR21
For Average
⁄4 [8] 0.540 [13.7] ±0.004 [0.10] 0.030 [0.76] 0.016 [0.41]
⁄8 [10] 0.675 [17.1] ±0.004 [0.10] 0.030 [0.76] 0.016 [0.41]
⁄2 [15] 0.840 [21.3] ±0.004 [0.10] 0.030 [0.76] 0.016 [0.41]
⁄4 [20] 1.050 [26.7] ±0.004 [0.10] 0.030 [0.76] 0.020 [0.51]
1 [25] 1.315 [33.4] ±0.005 [0.13] 0.030 [0.76] 0.020 [0.51]
1 ⁄4 [32] 1.660 [42.2] ±0.005 [0.13] 0.030 [0.76] 0.024 [0.61]
1 ⁄2 [40] 1.900 [48.2] ±0.006 [0.15] 0.060 [1.52] 0.024 [0.61]
2 [50] 2.375 [60.3] ±0.006 [0.15] 0.060 [1.52] 0.024 [0.61]
2 ⁄2 [65] 2.875 [73.0] ±0.007 [0.18] 0.060 [1.52] 0.030 [0.76]
3 [80] 3.500 [88.9] ±0.007 [0.18] 0.060 [1.52] 0.023 [0.58]
3 ⁄2 [90] 4.000 [101.6] ±0.008 [0.20] 0.100 [2.54] 0.030 [0.76]
4 [100] 4.500 [114.3] ±0.008 [0.20] 0.100 [2.54] 0.023 [0.58]
5 [125] 5.563 [141.3] ±0.010 [0.25] 0.100 [2.54] 0.060 [1.52]
6 [150] 6.625 [168.3] ±0.011 [0.28] 0.100 [2.54] 0.070 [1.78]
8 [200] 8.625 [219.1] ±0.015 [0.38] 0.150 [3.81] 0.090 [2.29]
10 [250] 10.750 [273.1] ±0.015 [0.38] 0.150 [3.81] 0.100 [2.54]
12 [300] 12.750 [323.9] ±0.015 [0.38] 0.150 [3.81] 0.120 [3.05]
F442/F442M − 23
TABLE 2 Wall Thicknesses and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe
A,B
Nominal Wall Thickness in. [mm]
Pipe
SDR32.5 SDS26 SDR21 SDR17 SDR13.5 SDR11
Size,
Min Tolerance Min Tolerance Min Tolerance Min Tolerance Min Tolerance Min Tolerance
(NPS)
⁄4 [8] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.060 [1.52] +0.020 [0.51] 0.060 [1.52] +0.020 [0.51]
⁄8 [10] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.060 [1.52] +0.020 [0.51] 0.061 [1.55] +0.020 [0.51]
⁄2 [15] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.062 [1.57] +0.020 [0.51] 0.076 [1.93] +0.020 [0.51]
⁄4 [20] . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.060 [1.52] +0.020 [0.51] 0.062 [1.57] +0.020 [0.51] 0.078 [1.98] +0.020 [0.51] 0.095 [2.41] +0.020 [0.51]
1 [25] . . . . . . 0.060 [1.52] +0.020 [0.51] 0.063 [1.60] +0.020 [0.51] 0.077 [1.96] +0.020 [0.51] 0.097 [2.46] +0.020 [0.51] 0.119 [3.02] +0.020 [0.51]
1 ⁄4 [32] . . . . . . 0.064 [1.63] +0.020 [0.51] 0.079 [2.01] +0.020 [0.51] 0.098 [2.49] +0.020 [0.51] 0.123 [3.12] +0.020 [0.51] 0.151 [3.84] +0.020 [0.51]
1 ⁄2 [40] . . . . . . 0.073 [1.85] +0.020 [0.51] 0.090 [2.29] +0.020 [0.51] 0.112 [2.84] +0.020 [0.51] 0.141 [3.58] +0.020 [0.51] 0.173 [4.39] +0.021 [0.53]
2 [50] . . . . . . 0.091 [2.31] +0.020 [0.51] 0.113 [2.87] +0.020 [0.51] 0.140 [3.56] +0.020 [0.51] 0.176 [4.47] +0.021 [0.53] 0.216 [5.49] +0.026 [0.66]
2 ⁄2 [65] . . . . . . 0.110 [2.79] +0.020 [0.51] 0.137 [3.48] +0.020 [0.51] 0.169 [4.29] +0.020 [0.51] 0.213 [5.41] +0.026 [0.66] 0.261 [6.63] +0.031 [0.79]
3 [80] 0.108 [2.74] +0.020 [0.51] 0.135 [3.43] +0.020 [0.51] 0.167 [4.24] +0.020 [0.51] 0.206 [5.23] +0.025 [0.64] 0.259 [6.58] +0.031 [0.79] 0.318 [8.08] +0.039 [0.99]
3 ⁄2 [90] 0.123 [3.12] +0.020 [0.51] 0.154 [3.91] +0.020 [0.51] 0.190 [4.83] +0.023 [0.58] 0.235 [5.97] +0.028 [0.71] 0.296 [7.52] +0.036 [0.91] 0.363 [9.22] +0.044 [1.12]
4 [100] 0.138 [3.50] +0.020 [0.51] 0.173 [4.39] +0.021 [0.53] 0.214 [5.44] +0.026 [0.66] 0.265 [6.73] +0.032 [0.81] 0.333 [8.46] +0.040 [1.02] 0.409 [10.39] +0.049 [1.24]
5 [125] 0.171 [4.34] +0.021 [0.53] 0.214 [5.44] +0.027 [0.69] 0.265 [6.73] +0.032 [0.81] 0.327 [8.30] +0.039 [0.99] 0.412 [10.46] +0.049 [1.24] 0.5
...