ASTM C1036-21

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1036 − 16 C1036 − 21
Standard Specification for
Flat Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1036; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for annealed, monolithic flat soda-lime glass supplied as cut sizes or stock sheets.
1.2 This specification is focused upon the quality of flat glass as produced. The specification is applicable for laboratory and field
evaluation only to the extent that such evaluation can be carried out in accordance with the test method(s) prescribed herein.
1.3 This specification covers the quality requirements of flat, transparent, clear, low-iron, and tinted glass. This glass is intended
to be used primarily for architectural glazing products including: such as coated glass, insulating glass units, laminated glass,
mirrors, spandrel glass, or similar uses.and spandrel glass.
NOTE 1—Reflective distortion is not addressed in this specification.
1.4 This specification covers the quality requirements of patterned or wired glasses intended to be used primarily for decorative
and general glazing applications.
1.5 The values givenstated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:Standard:
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
2.2 NFRC Standard:
NFRC 300 Test Method for Determining the Solar Optical Properties of Glazing Materials and Systems
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.08 on Flat Glass.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016April 1, 2021. Published November 2016May 2021. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
ε1
C1036 – 11C1036 – 16. . DOI: 10.1520/C1036-16.10.1520/C1036-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from National Fenestration Rating Council, 84884 Georgia Ave., Suite 320, Silver Spring, MD 20910.Council (NFRC), 6305 Ivy Ln., Suite 140, Greenbelt,
MD 20770, http://www.nfrc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1036 − 21
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For additional definitions of terms, refer to Terminology C162.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For additional definitions of terms, refer to Terminology C162.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:Key Terms:
3.2.1 associated distortion, n—alteration of viewed images caused by variations in glass flatness or inhomogeneous portions
within the glass.
3.2.2 bevel, n—angled surface at the edge of a lite of glass.
3.2.3 blemish, n—imperfection in the body or on the surface of the glass; for the purpose of this specification, blemishes are
divided into two categories:categories; blemishes not specifically mentioned shall each be compared to the blemish that they most
closely resemble.
3.2.3.1 linear blemish, n—scratches, rubs, digs, and other similar imperfections, which may be straight or curved in nature.
Ifnature; if curved, the length of such a blemish is to be measured from end to end along the curve.
3.2.3.2 point blemish, n—crush, knots, dirt, stones, gaseous inclusions, tin drip, and other similar imperfections.
3.2.4 bow, n—a condition in which the deviation in flatness of a lite of flat glass departs from a true plane.glass, expressed over
the entire width or length dimension of the lite or over a smaller, local span.
3.2.5 chip, n—indentation in the glass edge as a result of breakage of a small fragment; chips fall into two categories:
3.2.5.1 shell chip, n—any chip other than a v-chip.
3.2.5.2 v-chip, n—a chip forming an acute angle, located at the edge(s) of a glass lite and which may cause a crack in the glass.
3.2.6 chip depth, n—measured distance of a chip from the face of the glass glass surface into the thickness.
3.2.7 chip length , length, n—maximum distance parallel to the edge of the glass from one edge of a chip to the other.
3.2.8 chip width, n—maximum perpendicular distance from the edge of the glass to the inner edge of the chip.chip, as measured
on the glass surface.
3.2.9 clear glass, n—glass formulated to have transmittance in the visible spectrum greater than 82 % (reference to NFRC 300
measurement method) at a standard thickness of 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.) with lack of color as compared to tinted glass of the same thickness.
3.2.10 crush, n—pitted condition with a dull appearance.
3.2.11 cut size, n—glass ordered cut to its final intended size.
3.2.12 dig, n—a deep scratch in the glass surface.
3.2.13 dirt, n—small particle of foreign matter embedded in the surface of flat glass.
3.2.14 fire crack, n—small, sometimes microscopic fissure in the edge of wired or patterned glass.
3.2.15 flare, n—protrusion on the glass edge or corner of an otherwise rectangular surface.
3.2.16 gaseous inclusion, n—round or elongated bubble in the glass.
3.2.17 knot, n—inhomogeneity in the form of a vitreous lump.
C1036 − 21
3.2.17 line, n—fine cords or string, usually on the surface of flat glass.
3.2.18 low iron low-iron glass, n—glass formulated to have transmittance in the visible spectrum higher than that of clear glass
of the same thickness.thickness; edge color can vary, so the glass manufacturer should be consulted regarding an application where
edge color is an aesthetic consideration.
3.2.19 patterned glass, n—rolled flat glass having a pattern on one or both surfaces.
3.2.20 ream, n—linear distortion as a result of non-homogeneous layers of flat glass.
3.2.21 rub, n—abrasion of a glass surface producing a frosted appearance.
3.2.22 scratch, n—an abrasion of a glass surface in the form of a curved line, a straight line, or both.
3.2.23 shell chip, n—circular indentation in the glass edge as a result of breakage of a small fragment.
3.2.23 stock sheets, n—glass ordered in sizes intended to be cut to create final or cut size (that is, uncuts, intermediates, jumbos,
and lehr ends).
3.2.24 stone, n—crystalline inclusion in glass.
3.2.25 string, n—straight line or curled line, usually blemish, usually on the surface, often resulting from slow solutionmelting of
a large grain of sand or foreign material.
3.2.26 tin drip, n—droplet of oxidized tin that falls onto, and bonds to, the top surface of float glass within the tin bath.
3.2.27 tinted glass, n—glass formulated to have a uniform color throughout the glass, often with the purpose of reducing glare
(visible transmittance), one or more of the following: glare, solar heat gain, or visible/ultravioletultraviolet (UV) transmittance.
3.2.28 v-chip, n—v-shaped imperfection in the edge of the glass lite.
3.2.28 vision interference angle, n—viewing angle at which distortion in transmission first appears (see 6.1.2Fig. 2).).
3.2.29 wired glass, n—flat glass with a layer of wire mesh embedded in the glass.
4. Classification and Intended Use
NOTE 2—When referencing this specification, the user shallshould indicate the title and dateedition of the specification, and the type, class, quality
(including cut-size or stock sheets), size, and thickness of the glass.glass as appropriate.
4.1 Types, Classes, Qualities, Forms, Qualities, Finishes, Meshes, and Finishes—Patterns—Glass shall be of the following types,
classes, qualities, forms, qualities, finishes, meshes, and finishes,patterns as specified:
4.1.1 Type I—Transparent Flat Glass: Class 1—Clear, 1—Clear and Low-iron, or Class 2—Tinted:
C1036 − 21
TABLE 1 Type I, Class 1 and 2 Quality and Use
Quality Typical Use
Quality-Q1 Production of high-quality mirrors.
(cut-size or
A
stock sheets)
Quality-Q2 Production of general use mirrors and other applications.
(cut-size or
stock sheets)
Quality-Q3 Production of architectural glass products including coated, heat treated,
(cut-size or laminated, and other select glass products.
stock sheets)
Quality-Q4 General glazing applications.
(cut-size or
stock sheets)
A
For Class 2 Tinted, there is no Quality Q1 available
See Table 1.
4.1.2 Type II—PatternedII—Wired and WiredPatterned Flat Glass Class 1—Clear, 1—Clear and Low-iron, or Class 2—Tinted:
TABLE 2 Type II, Class 1 and 2 Quality and Use
Quality Typical Use
Quality-Q5 Applications in which design and aesthetic characteristics are major considerations.
Quality-Q6 Applications in which functional characteristics are a consideration and blemishes
are not a major concern.
Form Description
Form 1 Wired glass, polished both sides
Form 2 Wired glass, patterned surfaces
Form 3 Patterned glass
Finish Description
Finish 1 (F1) Patterned one side
Finish 2 (F2) Patterned both sides
Mesh Description
Mesh 1 (M1) Diamond
Mesh 2 (M2) Square
Mesh 3 (M3) Parallel strand
Mesh 4 (M4) Special
Pattern Description
Pattern 1 (P1) Linear
TABLE 1 Type I, Class 1 and 2 Quality and Use
Quality Typical Use
Quality-Q1 Production of high-quality mirrors.
(cut-size or
stock sheets)
Quality-Q2 Production of general use mirrors and other
(cut-size or applications.
stock sheets)
Quality-Q3 Production of architectural glass products
(cut-size or including coated, heat treated, laminated, and
stock sheets) other select glass products.
Quality-Q4 General glazing applications.
(cut-size or
stock sheets)
C1036 − 21
TABLE 2 Continued
Quality Typical Use
Pattern 2 (P2) Geometric
Pattern 3 (P3) Random
Pattern 4 (P4) Special
See Table 2.
5. Requirements
5.1 Requirements for Type I (Transparent Flat Glass):
5.1.1 Edge Requirements—Edges of glass shall be supplied as specified:specified. Chips on the glass edges shall be viewed at close
proximity (12 in.) without magnification, using localized lighting.
NOTE 3—Glass edges are typically supplied as factory cut. Optional edge work can be specified as seamed, ground, polished, beveled, mitered, or other,
as arranged with the manufacturer. See manufacturer’s literature for more information.
5.1.1.1 Shell Chips—Shell chips are permitted within the requirements shown in Table 3, as long as there are no associated cracks,
detectable without magnification, as viewed from the edge.
5.1.1.2 V-Chips—V-chips—Visible V-chips are not permitted. (See 6.1.1 for viewing criteria.)
5.1.2 Dimensional Tolerances—Tolerances for length, width, squareness, and thickness for rectangular shapes shall be in
accordance with Table 4. Nonrectangular shapes shall use the same thickness tolerances in Table 4. For linear straight line
dimensions of nonrectangular shapes, the length and width requirements in Table 4 shall be used. For curvilinear dimensions of
nonrectangular shapes, tolerances shall be as agreed upon by the involved parties.
TABLE 2 Type II, Class 1 and 2 Quality and Use
Quality Typical Use
Quality-Q5 Applications in which design and aesthetic
characteristics are major considerations.
Quality-Q6 Applications in which functional
characteristics are a consideration and
blemishes are not a major concern.
Form Description
Form 1 Wired glass, polished both sides
Form 2 Wired glass, patterned surfaces
Form 3 Patterned glass
Finish Description
Finish 1 (F1) Patterned one side
Finish 2 (F2) Patterned both sides
Mesh Description
Mesh 1 (M1) Diamond
Mesh 2 (M2) Square
Mesh 3 (M3) Parallel strand
Mesh 4 (M4) Special
Pattern Description
Pattern 1 (P1) Linear
Pattern 2 (P2) Geometric
Pattern 3 (P3) Random
C1036 − 21
TABLE 3 Allowable Shell Chip Size and Distribution for Cut Size and Stock Sheet Qualities of Type 1—Transparent Flat Glass
Description Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Chip depth Chip depth # 25 % Chip depth # 50 % Chip depth # 50 % Chip depth # 50 %
of glass thickness of glass thickness of glass thickness of glass thickness
A
Chip width Chip width # 25 % Chip width # 50 % Chip width # Not limited
of glass thickness of glass thickness glass thickness
1 1 1
or 1.6 mm ( ⁄16 in.) or 1.6 mm ( ⁄16 in.) or 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.)
whichever is greater whichever is greater whichever is greater
A
Chip length Chip length # 2 Chip length # 2 Chip length # 2 Not limited
B B B
times the chip width times the chip width times the chip width
A
For stock sheets, there is no limit for chip width and length.
B
For a chip located at the corner of a cut size, the chip length shall not exceed the allowable chip width.
TABLE 4 Dimensional Tolerances for Rectangular Shapes of Type 1—Transparent Flat Glass
A
Nominal Designation Thickness Range Length and Width Tolerance Squareness (D1–D2)
SI
mm in. Cut Size Stock Sheet Cut Size Stock Sheet
Traditional
B
Designation,
Designation
min max min max ± mm (± in.) ± mm (± in.) mm (in.) mm (in.)
mm
1 1 5 1
1.0 micro-slide 0.79 1.24 0.031 0.049 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
1 1 5 1
1.5 photo 1.27 1.78 0.05 0.07 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
1 1 5 1
2 picture 1.80 2.13 0.071 0.084 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
1 1 5 1
2.5 single 2.16 2.57 0.085 0.101 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
1 1 5 1
2.7 lami 2.59 2.90 0.102 0.114 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
C
1 1 1 5 1
3 double, ⁄8 in. 2.92 3.40 0.115 0.134 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
5 1 1 5 1
4 ⁄32 in. 3.78 4.19 0.149 0.165 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
3 1 1 5 1
5 ⁄16 in. 4.57 5.05 0.18 0.199 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
1 1 1 5 1
6 ⁄4 in. 5.56 6.20 0.219 0.244 1.6 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.0 ( ⁄64) 3.0 ( ⁄8)
5 5 1 7 1
8 ⁄16 in. 7.42 8.43 0.292 0.332 2.0 ( ⁄64) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 2.8 ( ⁄64) 6.0 ( ⁄4)
3 3 1 1 1
10 ⁄8 in. 9.02 10.31 0.355 0.406 2.4 ( ⁄32) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 3.4 ( ⁄8) 6.0 ( ⁄4)
1 1 1 11 3
12 ⁄2 in. 11.91 13.49 0.469 0.531 3.2 ( ⁄8) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 4.5 ( ⁄64) 10.0 ( ⁄8)
5 5 1 7 1
16 ⁄8 in. 15.09 16.66 0.595 0.656 4.0 ( ⁄32) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 5.7 ( ⁄32) 12.0 ( ⁄2)
3 3 1 1 9
19 ⁄4 in. 18.26 19.84 0.719 0.781 4.8 ( ⁄16) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 6.8 ( ⁄4) 14.0 ( ⁄16)
7 7 1 19 5
22 ⁄8 in. 21.44 23.01 0.844 0.906 5.6 ( ⁄32) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 7.9 ( ⁄64) 16.0 ( ⁄8)
1 1 11 3
25 1 in. 24.61 26.19 0.969 1.031 6.4 ( ⁄4) 6.4 ( ⁄4) 9.0 ( ⁄32) 18.0 ( ⁄4)
A
Length and width of cut size and stock sheets of flat glass include flares and bevels.
B
These designations apply only to ASTM International and may not reflect other international standards.
C
Within the 3.0 3 mm designation there are some applications that may require different thickness ranges such as DST. (Typical minimum thickness for DST is 0.120 in.)
5.1.3 Blemishes—Allowable blemishes are addressed in Section 6 and in Tables 5-7.
NOTE 4—In addition to the point blemishes allowed in accordance with Table 5, rejectable point blemishes are allowed in Stock Sheets up to the limits
shown in Table 6.
5.1.4 Uniformity—For glass with a thickness of 6 mm ( ⁄4 in.) in.) or less, the glass shall not vary in thickness more than 0.1 mm
(0.004 in.) over a 100 mm (4 in.) length.
5.1.5 Distortion—Reams, strings, lines, and other allowable distortion (in transmission) are addressed in Section 6 and Table 8.
5.1.6 Squareness—The squareness requirements for cut glass are shown in 6.1.4 and Table 4.
C1036 − 21
A
TABLE 5 Allowable Point Blemish Size and Distribution For Cut Size Qualities
Blemish Size Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
B,C,D
mm (in.) Quality 1 Quality 2 Quality 3 Quality 4
E E
< 0.50 Allowed Allowed Allowed Allowed
(0.02)
$ 0.50 < 0.80 Allowed with a Allowed with a Allowed Allowed
$ (0.02) < (0.03) minimum separation minimum separation
F F
of 1500 mm (60 in.) of 600 mm (24 in.)
$ 0.80 < 1.20 None allowed Allowed with a Allowed Allowed
$ (0.03) < (0.05) minimum separation
F
of 1200 mm (48 in.)
$ 1.20 < 1.50 None allowed Allowed with a Allowed with a Allowed
$ (0.05) < (0.06) minimum separation minimum separation
F F
of 1500 mm (60 in.) of 600 mm (24 in.)
$ 1.50 < 2.00 None allowed None allowed Allowed with a Allowed
$ (0.06) < (0.08) minimum separation
F
of 600 mm (24 in.)
$ 2.00 < 2.50 None allowed None allowed None allowed Allowed with a
$ (0.08) < (0.10) minimum separation
F
of 600 mm (24 in.)
$ 2.5 None allowed None allowed None allowed None allowed
$ (0.10)
A
1 1 1
Table values are for 6.06 mm ( ⁄4 in.) and less. For glass thicker than 6.06 mm ( ⁄4 in.) and less than or equal to 12.012 mm ( ⁄2 in.), they may contain proportionally larger
blemishes for are permitted but with the same minimum separation distances. (For example, a 12-mm 12 mm Q3 sample with a blemish size of $ 3.0 < 4.0 mm, the
allowable minimum separation would be 600 mm.) 3 mm < 4 mm and minimum separation of 600 mm would be allowed.) Table 5 does not apply to glass
...