ASTM D7615/D7615M-19
(Practice)Standard Practice for Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
Standard Practice for Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions for using Test Methods D5766/D5766M or D6484/D6484M to obtain open-hole fatigue data for material specifications, research and development, material design allowables, and quality assurance. The primary property that results is the fatigue life of the test specimen under a specific loading and environmental condition. Replicate tests may be used to obtain a distribution of fatigue life for specific material types, laminate stacking sequences, environments, and loading conditions. Guidance in statistical analysis of fatigue data, such as determination of linearized stress life (S-N) curves, can be found in Practice E739.
5.2 This practice can be utilized in the study of fatigue damage in a polymer matrix composite open-hole specimen such as the occurrence of microscopic cracks, fiber fractures, or delaminations. The change in strength associated with fatigue damage may be determined by discontinuing cyclic loading to obtain the static strength using Test Methods D5766/D5766M or D6484/D6484M.
Note 2: This practice may be used as a guide to conduct variable amplitude loading. This information can be useful in the understanding of fatigue behavior of composite structures under spectrum loading conditions, but is not covered in this standard.
5.3 Factors that influence open-hole fatigue response and shall therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material fabrication, accuracy of lay-up, laminate stacking sequence and overall thickness, specimen geometry, specimen preparation (especially of the hole), specimen conditioning, environment of testing, type of support fixture, specimen alignment and gripping, test frequency, force (stress) ratio, normal stress magnitude, void content, and volume percent reinforcement. Properties that result include the following:
5.3.1 Specimen stiffness versus fatigue life curves for selected normal stress values.
5.3.2 Normal stress versus specimen st...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials subjected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing specimens under cyclic loading. Several important test specimen parameters, for example fatigue force (stress) ratio, are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile, compressive, or reversed, depending upon the test specimen and procedure utilized.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applica...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7615/D7615M − 19
Standard Practice for
Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7615/D7615M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials sub-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
jected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber rein-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
forced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction.
The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are
2. Referenced Documents
described in 8.2.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing
D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
specimens under cyclic loading. Several important test speci-
D5229/D5229MTestMethodforMoistureAbsorptionProp-
menparameters,forexamplefatigueforce(stress)ratio,arenot
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require
Composite Materials
that these parameters be specified and reported.
D5766/D5766M Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile
Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to
D6484/D6484MTest Method for Open-Hole Compressive
constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is
Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile,
someter Systems
compressive, or reversed, depending upon the test specimen
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
and procedure utilized.
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Lot or Process
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
ASTM Test Methods
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
used independently of the other, and values from the two
E467Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dy-
systems shall not be combined.
namic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in
E739PracticeforStatisticalAnalysisofLinearorLinearized
brackets.
Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Life (ε-N) Fatigue Data
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1823TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D30 on Composite
MaterialsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD30.05onStructuralTest
2
Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7615/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7615M–11(2018). DOI: 10.1520/D7615_D7615M-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM In
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7615/D7615M − 11 (Reapproved 2018) D7615/D7615M − 19
Standard Practice for
Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7615/D7615M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to
determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials subjected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The composite
material forms are limited to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is both symmetric and
balanced with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing specimens under
cyclic loading. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, fatigue force(stress) ratio) parameters, for example
fatigue force (stress) ratio, are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified
and reported.
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is controlled
so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering stress or applied force
may be used as a constant amplitude fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile, compressive, or reversed, depending
upon the test specimen and procedure utilized.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system mayare not benecessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combiningother, and values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.shall not be combined.
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
D5766/D5766M Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
D6484/D6484M Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on Structural Test
Methods.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018April 1, 2019. Published May 2018May 2019. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 20112018 as
D7615/D7615MD7615/D7615M–11(2018).–11. DOI: 10.1520/D7615_D7615M-11R18.10.1520/D7615_D7615M-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7615/D7615M − 19
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Charac
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7615/D7615M − 19
Standard Practice for
Open-Hole Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Laminates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7615/D7615M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying static
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
open-hole tensile and compressive strength test methods to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
determine the fatigue behavior of composite materials sub-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
jected to cyclic tensile or compressive forces, or both. The
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber rein-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
forced polymer matrix composites in which the laminate is
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
both symmetric and balanced with respect to the test direction.
The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are
2. Referenced Documents
described in 8.2.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D5766/
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D5766M and D6484/D6484M with provisions for testing
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
specimens under cyclic loading. Several important test speci-
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Prop-
men parameters, for example fatigue force (stress) ratio, are not
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require
Composite Materials
that these parameters be specified and reported.
D5766/D5766M Test Method for Open-Hole Tensile
Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
1.3 This practice is limited to test specimens subjected to
D6484/D6484M Test Method for Open-Hole Compressive
constant amplitude uniaxial loading, where the machine is
Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates
controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
constant amplitude force (stress) cycles. Either engineering
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
stress or applied force may be used as a constant amplitude
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
fatigue variable. The repetitive loadings may be tensile,
someter Systems
compressive, or reversed, depending upon the test specimen
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With
and procedure utilized.
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Lot or Process
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
ASTM Test Methods
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
used independently of the other, and values from the two
E467 Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dy-
systems shall not be combined.
namic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
1.4.1 Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in
E739 Practice for Statistical Analysis of Linear or Linearized
brackets.
Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Life (ε-N) Fatigue Data
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite
Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.05 on Structural Test
2
Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7615/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7615M–11(2018). DOI: 10.1520/D7615_D7615M-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Unit
...
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