ASTM D1141-98e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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e1
Designation: D 1141 – 98
Standard Practice for
the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—The title of this standard was editorially corrected in February 1999.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of solutions con- 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this prac-
taining inorganic salts in proportions and concentrations rep- tice, refer to Terminology D 1129.
resentative of ocean water. 3.2 Definition Of Term Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 chlorinity, , n—the weight of silver ion (g) required to
NOTE 1—Since the concentrations of ocean water varies with sampling
completely precipitate the halides in 0.3285 kg of water (g/kg).
location, the gross concentration employed herein is an average of many
reliable individual analyses. Trace elements, occurring naturally in con-
4. Significance and Use
centrations below 0.005 mg/L, are not included.
4.1 This substitute ocean water may be used for laboratory
1.2 This practice provides three stock solutions, each rela-
testing where a reproducible solution simulating sea water is
tively concentrated but stable in storage. For preparation of
required. Examples are for tests on oil contamination, deter-
substitute ocean water, aliquots of the first two stock solutions
gency evaluation, and corrosion testing.
with added salt are combined in larger volume. An added
refinement in adjustment of heavy metal concentration is
NOTE 2—The lack of organic matter, suspended matter, and marine life
in this solution does not permit unqualified acceptance of test results as
provided by the addition of a small aliquot of the third stock
representing performance in actual ocean water. Where corrosion is
solution to the previous solution.
involved, the results obtained from laboratory tests may not approximate
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
those secured under natural testing conditions that differ greatly from
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
those of the laboratory, and especially where effects of velocity, salt
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
atmospheres, or organic constituents are involved. Also the rapid depletion
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of reacting elements present in low concentrations suggests caution in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. direct application of results.
2. Referenced Documents 5. Reagents and Materials
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society.
E 200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage
of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that
the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use
without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
5.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on Water and
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
is the responsibility of Subcommittee D19.02 on General Specifications, Technical
Resources, and Statistical Methods.
to Specification D 1193, Type II.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1998. Published November 1998. Originally
5.3 Sodium Hydroxide, Solution, Standard (0.10 N)— Pre-
published as D 1141 – 50 T. Last previous edition D 1141–90 (1996).
2 pare and standardize as directed in Practice E 200.
This practice is based upon the following studies:
May and Black, “Synthetic Ocean Water,” Naval Research Laboratory Report
P-2909, August 1946.
May, T. P. and Alexander, A. L., “Spray Testing with Natural and Synthetic Sea
Water, Part I–Corrosion Characteristics in the Testing of Metals,” Proceedings, Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
ASTM, Vol 50, 1950. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Alexander, A. L. and May, T. P., “Spray Testing with Natural and Synthetic Sea listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Water, Part II–A Study of Organic Coatings,” Proceedings, ASTM, Vol 50,
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