ASTM D2779-92(2020)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2779 − 92 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Estimation of Solubility of Gases in Petroleum Liquids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2779; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the equilib-
3.1.1 Bunsen coeffıcient—the solubility of a gas expressed
rium solubility of several common gases encountered in the
asthevolume,reducedto273K(32°F)and101.3kPa(1atm),
aerospace industry in hydrocarbon liquids. These include
dissolved by 1 volume of liquid at the specified temperature
petroleum fractions with densities in the range from 0.63 to
and 101.3 kPa.
0.90at288K(59°F).Thesolubilitiescanbeestimatedoverthe
temperature range 228 K (−50°F) to 423 K (302°F).
3.1.2 Henry’s law—the principle that the ratio of partial
pressure to mole fraction of gas in solution is a constant.
1.2 This test method is based on the Clausius-Clapeyron
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In non-ideal systems the fugacity is
equation, Henry’s law, and the perfect gas law, with empiri-
used to replace the pressure, but the systems within the scope
cally assigned constants for the variation with density and for
of this test method can be considered ideal within the limits of
each gas.
the accuracy statement.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.3 Ostwald coeffıcient—the solubility of a gas expressed
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
as the volume of gas dissolved per volume of liquid when the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
gas and liquid are in equilibrium at the specified partial
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pressure of gas and at the specified temperature.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Symbols:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
d = density of the liquid at 288 K (59°F), kg/L,
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- T = specified temperature, K,
L = Ostwald coefficient at 273 K for a liquid of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
o
d=0.85,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
L = Ostwald coefficient at T for a liquid of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
d=0.85,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
L = Ostwald coefficient at T for a liquid of the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
c
specified density,
p = pressure of the gas, or mixed gases, MPa,
2. Referenced Documents
p = vapor pressure of the liquid at the specified
v
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature, MPa,
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
p,p . p = partial pressures of the gases in a mixture,
1 2 i
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
MPa,
ucts by Hydrometer Method
G = solubility, mg/kg,
B = Bunsen coefficient at the specified d, p, and T,
X = mole fraction of gas in equilibrium solution,
L ,B = coefficients for mixture of gases,
m m
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
M = molecular weight of the gas, g/mol,
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
M = molecular weight of the liquid, g/mol,
l
mittee D27.07 on Physical Test.
H = Henry’s law constant, MPa, and
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D2779–92(2012).
C = molarity, kg mol/m .
DOI: 10.1520/D2779-92R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4. Summary of Test Method
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1 Correlations have been established by the National
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Aeronautics and Space Administration (formerly National
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2779 − 92 (2020)
AdvisoryCommitteeonAeronautics)inNACATechnicalNote ethylene.Whenthereisadifference,theresultfromFig.1isto
3276 (1956) Their work was extended to include most of the be preferred over that from Table 1.
data published since that time, and extrapolated by semi-
6.5 The Ostwald coefficient L applies only to liquids of
empirical methods into regions where no data are available.
d=0.85. To correct to other densities, use the following
4.2 Theonlydatarequiredarethedensityofliquidat288K equation:
(59°F) and the nature of the gas. These are used in the
L 57.70L 0.980 2 d (2)
~ !
c
equations, with the specific constant for the gas from Table 1,
NOTE 1—The constant 0.980 is based on the intermolecular volume of
or with Fig. 1, to estimate the Ostwald coefficient. hydrocarbonsasmeasuredbycompressibilityandcontractiononfreezing.
Itisalsothebestempiricalfitofthedata.Theuseofthisequationf
...