ASTM D494-04

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D494–04
Standard Test Method for
Acetone Extraction of Phenolic Molded or Laminated
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Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D494; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope thickness of the section from which sample is taken, (6) nature
ofmoldedpiece,(7)techniqueusedinmolding,(8)distribution
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount
of fines in the material to be extracted, and (9) method of
of acetone-soluble matter in molded or laminated phenolic
grinding the specimen.These variations under some conditions
products.
may cause a difference of 3 to 4 % in acetone-extractable
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
matter. For this reason, the test method should be used only as
standard.
a comparative test for measuring undercure.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 For laminated phenolic products, acetone extraction
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
indicates change in stage of cure, change in resin content,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
change in type of resin used, presence of plasticizers or other
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
acetone-extractable addition agents, and is affected in general
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
by the same factors as stated in 6.1
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Sieves—The set of sieves used shall consist of sieves
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
Nos. 40 (425-µm) and 140 (106-µm), with a cover and
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
receiving pan, conforming to the requirements of Specification
E11 Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
E11.
Sieves
5.2 Extraction Apparatus—The apparatus may be of the
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
type shown in Fig. 1, or a Wiley-Richardson type, as shown in
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Fig. 2. The former type is more suitable for use with small
3. Terminology electric hot plates, while the latter is more suitable for use with
oil or water baths. In either case, it shall be possible to control
3.1 All definitions are in accordance with Terminology
the temperature so that the rate of extraction can be regulated
D883.
accurately.
4. Significance and Use
5.3 Drying Dishes—The drying dishes shall be lightweight
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dishes, approximately 63.5 mm [2 ⁄2 in.] in diameter and 38.1
4.1 For molded phenolic products, acetone extraction
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mm [1 ⁄2 in.] in height.
should be considered solely as a quantitative expression of a
property normally associated with degree of cure. There is no
6. Preparation of Sample
demonstrably rigorous relation between the optimum mechani-
6.1 Precautions—It is of utmost importance that extreme
cal and electrical properties of a well-cured piece and the
care shall be taken during the preparation of the sample for
numerical value of the acetone test. The amount of acetone-
extraction. The sample shall be drillings if possible; however,
soluble matter is affected by: (1) nature of resin and filler, (2)
if not possible, other suitable means of producing particles
lubricant, (3) molding temperature, (4) length of cure, (5)
equivalent to drillings may be used. Drillings taken from a
large molded product shall be truly representative of all
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
sections of the part in proper proportions. The drills for
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods.
sampling shall be kept sharp and so operated that no undue
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved
heating of the material shall occur which will tend to precure
in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 1991 as D494 - 91 which was withdrawn
March 1998 and reinstated in July 2004. DOI: 10.1520/D0494-04.
the material.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 If it is impracticable to obtain samples by drilling, the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
parts may be broken up with a lathe, planer, milling machine,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. or a suitable grinder. A mortar and pestle or a pebble mill is
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D494–04
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