ASTM D2294-96

Designation: D 2294 – 96
Standard Test Method for
Creep Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading
1
(Metal-to-Metal)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2294; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope environment to the next without disturbing static loads.
4.3 The relative simplicity of design with inexpensive
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the creep
materials permits replication of creep tests at relatively low
properties of adhesives for bonding metals when tested on a
costs.
standard specimen and subjected to certain conditions of
temperature and tensile stress in a spring-loaded testing appa-
5. Apparatus
ratus.
4
5.1 Tension Creep Test Apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1. It
1.2 This test method is applicable to the temperature range
shall consist of a hollow loading chamber, a solid extension rod
from −55 to +260°C (−67 to +500°F).
with provisions for attachment of test specimens, and a
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5
high-temperature-resistant spring. A testing machine conform-
standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for informa-
ing to the requirements of Test Method D 638 is required to
tion only.
apply the static load.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Microscope, calibrated, having 1003 magnification.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Test Specimens
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Test specimens shall conform to the shape and dimen-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sions shown in Fig. 2. These specimens are similar to the
tension lap shear specimens described in Test Method D 1002,
2. Referenced Documents
except for the holes as shown in Fig. 2.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 6.2 Test at least three specimens for each set of standard
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
3
conditions of load, time, and temperature.
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
6.3 A complete description of these specimens and the
D 1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-
method of preparation is given in Sections 6, 7, and 8 of Test
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens By Ten-
3 Method D 1002.
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
1
6.4 For creep measurements, polish the 12.7-mm ( ⁄2-in.)
3. Terminology edges of the bonded area of each test specimen, and scribe with
three fine lines across the bondline (Fig. 1).
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined
in Terminology D 907.
7. Procedure
4. Significance and Use 7.1 Attach the test apparatus to a testing machine and
condition to a prescribed test temperature. Place a specimen
4.1 This test method is useful in research and development
within the load chamber of the test apparatus (Fig. 2), and
for comparison of creep properties of adhesives, particularly as
attach to the chamber and load shaft by means of pins.
those properties are affected by changes in adhesive formula-
7.2 Apply the load by the test machine at a rate of 80 to 100
tion or expected service conditions, including temperature,
2
kgf/cm /min (1200 to 1400 psi/min). After reaching the desired
moisture level, and duration of loading.
load, turn up the knurled supporting ring to make contact with
4.2 The relative size and simplicity of design of the spring-
1
the disk (that is, touch plus ⁄4 turn) supporting the compressed
loaded apparatus permits easy portability and transfer from one
spring. Unload the testing machine, remove the entire creep
test apparatus (except the loading yoke) from the testing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal
4
Bonding Adhesives. Detailed working drawings for the construction of the tensile creep test
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published November 1996. Originally apparatus are available at a nominal cost from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West
published as D 2294 – 64 T. Last previous edition D 2294 – 92. Conshohocken, PA 19428. Request Adjunct No. 12-422940-00.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Springs suitable for this apparatus may be obtained from the W. D. Gibson Co.,
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. Chicago, IL.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 2294
just before the specimen is removed from the temperature-
conditioned area and the load removed. The relative displace-
ment measurements, which may then be made at any time
thereafter, will indicate the amount of creep deflection at the
variou
...