ASTM D4877-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of APHA Color in Isocyanates
Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of APHA Color in Isocyanates
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be used for research or for quality control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethane products.
For toluene diisocyanate, results from this test method can relate to reactivity or performance in polyurethane systems.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the color of clear liquids. It is applicable only to materials whose color-producing bodies have light-absorption characteristics similar to those of the platinum cobalt color standards used. (See Test Method D1209 and Note 1.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—This standard is equivalent to ISO 6271-1:2004.
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Designation: D4877 − 10
StandardTest Method for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of APHA Color
1
in Isocyanates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method measures the color of clear liquids. It 4.1 The color of the material to be tested is compared to a
is applicable only to materials whose color-producing bodies
series of platinum cobalt color standards, designated by mg of
have light-absorption characteristics similar to those of the Pt/mLofstandardsolution.Theresultsarereportedasthecolor
2
platinum cobalt color standards used. (See Test Method
standard, which best matches the sample (Note 2).
D1209 and Note 1.)
NOTE 2—Color of liquids also can be measured by visible spectroscopy
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as and the results converted to any of several color scales. These results can
be converted to the APHA scale by appropriate manipulations, as for
standard.
example in Test Method D5386.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethane prod-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ucts.
NOTE 1—This standard is equivalent to ISO 6271-1:2004.
5.2 For toluene diisocyanate, results from this test method
2. Referenced Documents
can relate to reactivity or performance in polyurethane sys-
3
tems.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
6. Apparatus
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
6.1 Nessler Tubes, matched, 100-mL tall-form.
Cobalt Scale)
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus 7. Reagents and Materials
Colorimetry
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2.2 ISO Standards:
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
ISO 6271-1:2004 Clear Liquids—Estimation of Color by
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
4
the Platinum Cobalt Scale
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
5
such specifications are available. Other grades can be used,
3. Terminology
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method see
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
Terminology D883.
the determination.
1
7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials -
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
Plastics and Elastomers.
by Type IV or better of Specification D1193.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published February 2010. Originally
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4877 - 04. DOI:
7.3 Cobaltous Chloride Hexahydrate (CoCl ·6H O).
2 2
10.1520/D4877-10.
2
See Standard Methods for the Examination of Water, Sewage, and Industrial
Wastes, AM. Public Health Assn., 1015 15th St. NW Washington, DC 20005.
3 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
the ASTM website. Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
4
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4877 − 10
TABLE 1 Color Standards
7.4 Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid (sp. gr. 1.19).
Color Standard Number Number 500 Standard, mL Water, mL
7.5 Potassium Chloroplatinate (K PtCl
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4877–04 Designation:D4877–10
Standard Test Method for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of APHA Color
1
in Isocyanates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4877; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1This1.1 This test method measures the color of clear liquids. It is applicable only to materials whose color-producing bodies
2
have light-absorption characteristics similar to those of the platinum cobalt color standards used. (See Test Method D1209 and
Note 1.)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements see 7.1 and Warning in 8.1.
NOTE1—Although this test method and ISO 6271-1997 differ in some details, data obtained using either are technically equivalent. 1—This standard
is equivalent to ISO 6271-1:2004.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
D5386 Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus Colorimetry
2.2 ISO Standards:
4
ISO 6271-1:2004 ISO 6271-1997 Clear Clear Liquids—Estimation of Color by the Platinum Cobalt Scale
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method see Terminology D883.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The color of the material to be tested is compared to a series of platinum cobalt color standards, designated by mg of Pt/mL
of standard solution. The results are reported as the color standard, which best matches the sample (Note 2).
NOTE 2—Color of liquids also can be measured by visible spectroscopy and the results converted to any of several color scales. These results can be
converted to the APHA scale by appropriate manipulations, as for example in Test Method D5386.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethane products.
5.2 For toluene diisocyanate, results from this test method can relate to reactivity or performance in polyurethane systems.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Nessler Tubes, matched, 100-mL tall-form.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials - Plastics
and Elastomers.
Current edition approved MarchJan. 1, 2004.2010. Published April 2004.February 2010. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 19982004 as
D4877-98.D4877 - 04. DOI: 10.1520/D4877-104.
2
See Standard Methods for the Examination of Water, Sewage, and Industrial Wastes, AM. Public Health Assn., 1015 15th St. NW Washington, DC 20005.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4877–10
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
5
specifications are available. Other grades can be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by
Type IV or better of Specification D1193.
7.3 Cobaltous Chloride Hexahydrate (CoCl ·6H O).
2 2
7.4 Concentra
...
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