ASTM D5837-99e1

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Designation:D 5837–99
Standard Test Method for
Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-
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Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5837; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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e NOTE—Equation 3 in 16.3 was corrected editorially in November 2003.
1. Scope D 923 Test Method for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liq-
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uids
1.1 This test method describes the determination in electri-
D 3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in
cal insulating liquids of products of the degradation of cellu-
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Electrical Apparatus
losic materials such as paper, pressboard, and cotton materials
D 3612 Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in
typically found as insulating materials in electrical equipment.
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Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography
These degradation products are substituted furan derivatives,
D 3613 Test Methods for Sampling Electrical Insulating
commonly referred to as furanic compounds or furans. This
Oils for Gas Analysis and Determination of Water Con-
test method allows either liquid/liquid or solid phase extraction
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tent
(SPE) of the furanic compounds from the sample matrix
2.2 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Stan-
followed by analysis for specific furanic compounds by HPLC
dard:
or direct injection for analysis of specific furanic compounds
Method 1198 Furanic Compounds Analysis in Mineral Oil
by HPLC.
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Insulating Oil
1.2 The individual furanic compounds that may be identi-
fied and quantified include the following:
3. Terminology
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
furfuryl alcohol
2-furaldehyde
3.1.1 adsorbent, n—the stationary phase in solid-phase
2-acetylfuran
extraction; silica is used as the adsorbent in this test method.
5-methyl-2-furaldehyde
3.1.2 extract, n—the liquid phase of a liquid/liquid extrac-
1.3 The direct injection method generally has a higher limit
tion containing the compound that has been extracted and that
of detection, especially for furfuryl alcohol. Greater interfer-
will be analyzed.
ence for furfuryl alcohol may be expected when using the
3.1.3 liquid/liquid extraction, n—the preparative step of
direct injection method as opposed to extraction methods.
extraction by mixing nonpolar test specimen with polar solvent
1.4 This test method has been used to successfully test for
to preferentially partition and concentrate polar compounds of
furanic compounds in mineral insulating oil, silicone fluid,
interest from an insulating liquid test specimen.
high fire point electrical insulating oils of mineral origin,
3.1.4 mobile phase, n—the carrier liquid phase in an HPLC
askarels, and perchloroethylene based dielectric fluids.
analytical system used to transfer the prepared test specimen to
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and through the analytical column and detector; the composi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion of the mobile phase affects elution time and separation of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
analytes.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.5 solid phase extraction (SPE), n—a preparative step
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
based on column chromatography, where intermolecular inter-
actions between adsorbent, solvent, and test specimen compo-
2. Referenced Documents
nents are optimized to effect retention of analytes on a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
solid-phase extraction cartridge, followed by solvent elution
from the extraction cartridge.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
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mittee D27.03 on Analytical Tests. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03.
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Available from IEC, IEC Central Office, 3 rue de Varembe, P.O. Box 131,
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1999. Published December 1999. Originally
CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
published as D 5837 – 95. Last previous edition D 5837 – 95.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 5837–99
3.1.6 ultraviolet (UV), adj—referring to that region of the 7.4 The analytical apparatus may be heated several degrees
electromagnetic spectrum including wavelengths from 10 to Celsius above ambient if necessary to reduce variance in
380 nm. The UV detectors of most HPLC systems operate in analyti
...