ASTM D5326-22

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Designation: D5326 − 94a (Reapproved 2013) D5326 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Color Development in Tinted Latex Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5326; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for measuring color development in tinted latex paints, for the purpose of determining
the efficiency of colorants, the tintability of base paints and the potential for poor color uniformity of applied paint films.
1.2 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are after SI units are
provided for information only and are not considered standard. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The
values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SIinch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation
E1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
E1349 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45°:0° or 0°:45°) Geometry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2013Jan. 1, 2022. Published July 2013January 2022. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20092013 as
D5326 – 94a (2009).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D5326-94AR13.10.1520/D5326-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5326 − 22
3.1.1 color development, n—the extent to which the colorant has achieved its full tinting potential, as evidenced by the color
change or lack thereof, when the tinted paint is subjected to very strong shear stress.
3.1.2 tintability, n—the capability of a white or tint base paint to accept various colorants, as evidenced by the color development
in the mixture.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Sometimes called “color acceptance.”
3.2 See Terminology D16, E284, and the Paint/Coatings Dictionary for definitions of other terms used in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The test paint is applied by drawing it down on a striped black and white sealed chart, at a film thickness sufficient to obtain
full hiding.
4.2 A portion of the drawdown is subjected to strong shearing forces in a prescribed brushing procedure.
4.3 The CIELAB color difference between the drawdown and sheared areas after drying, is reported as a measure of deficiency
in the color development of the test paint.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 A colorant sometimes fails to disperse completely in a base paint due to poor compatibility, which can be the fault of the
colorant, the paint, or both. This will result in poor color development, which is readily manifested by the common procedure of
applying the paint with a doctor blade and subjecting the drawdown to high shear stress by finger-rubbing a small area of the
partially dry film. This tends to disperse undeveloped colorant, if any, and produces a color variation between the unsheared and
sheared areas of the paint film. The variation can be measured colorimetrically to give a numerical color difference value that is
a measure of the color development of the original paint, the smaller the difference the better the color development and vice versa.
Color difference values obtained by finger-rubbing were found to vary widely for the same as well as among different operators.
This test method establishes a controlled shear-stress procedure analogous to the finger rub-up test, but with far better
reproducibility.
5.2 Poor color development can be a problem in the production of paints, and in their performance in the field. In production it
causes a loss of colorant monetary value, and unpredictable tinting results. In field performance it results in color variations in the
applied paint film due to the varying shear forces to which the paint is subjected at different stages or by different modes of
application.
5.3 Although poor color development is primarily and most often related to the colorant portion of a tinted paint, the white
pigment in the base paint can also be poorly developed due to flocculation or other causes. In the latter case, shear dispersion can
make the paint film lighter and less colorful, rather than the reverse. Then too, the colorant and the white might both be poorly
developed, and the color change due to shear stress would then be the combined effect of both.
5.4 In any case, color development is an important paint property, for the measurement of which this test method is intended to
provide a generally accepted and reproducible test method.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Film Applicator, 6-in. (150-mm)150 mm (6-in.) wide with a clearance of 10 mils (250 μm).250 μm (10 mils).
6.2 Drawdown Plate—A vacuum plate or thick plate glass are both satisfactory.
Available from Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology (FSCT), 492 Norristown Rd., Blue Bell, PA 19422-2350, http://www.coatingstech.org.
A Bird type film applicator, obtainable from most suppliers of paint test equipment, has been found satisfactory for this purpose. Other suitable applicators may be used.
D5326 − 22
6.3 Test Charts, black and white striped, with a sealed surface, and overall size approximately 8245 by 280 mm (8 ⁄2 by 11 in.
2 2 5
(245 by 280 mm)in.) having a test area of 0.538 ft500 cm (500 cm(0.538 ft ).
3 3 9
6.4 Paint Brush, 2-in. (50-mm)50 mm (2-in.) polyester filaments, 270 mm ⁄4-in. (70-mm) (2 ⁄4-in.) length out, ⁄16-in. (15-
mm)15 mm ( ⁄16-in.) thick, with chisel tip.
6.5 Syringe, 20 mL, plastic disposable type.
6.6 Force-Draft Oven, maintained at 12050 6 2°F (501 °C (120 6 1°C).2 °F).
6.7 Reflectometer, using CIE Illuminant C, specular reflection excluded, and capable of measuring CIELAB color coordinates as
defined in Practice D2244 and Terminology E284.
7. Sampling and Conditioning
7.1 Tak
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