ASTM F818-93(2009)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: F818 − 93(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Terminology Relating to
Spill Response Barriers
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF818;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope bottom-tension boom—boom with tension member located
along the bottom of the skirt.
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field
of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or
calm water boom— boom intended for use in calm waters
peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been
(see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common
use, “aka” is used to mean “also known as.”
“curtain type” boom—boom consisting of a flexible skirt
supported by flotation.
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed
separately: barrier design terminology (3.1), barrier engineer-
“fence type” boom—boom consisting of a self-supporting or
ing terminology (3.2), and barrier performance terminology
stiffened membrane supported by flotation.
(3.3).
fire resistant boom (aka fire containment boom) —boom
2. Referenced Documents intended for containment of burning oil slicks.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ice boom—boom intended for use in ice-infested waters,
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control
designed to withstand effects of ice contact.
Systems
inflatable boom— boom that uses inflated gas-filled chambers
3. Terminology as the flotation.
3.1 Barrier Design Terminology—Terms associated with
net boom—special purpose boom in which all or part of the
Spill Response Barrier Design:
membrane material is netting.
General
open water boom— boom intended for use in open waters
(see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
boom—floating mechanical barrier used to control the move-
ment of substances that float.
permanent boom— boom intended for long-term or perma-
boom section— length of boom between two end connectors. nent deployment.
boom segment— repetitive identical portion of the boom
plunging water jet barrier—special purpose barrier created
section.
by a series of coherent streams of water directed vertically
downward into a body of water.
Types
protected water boom—boom intended for use in protected
air bubble barrier—special-purpose barrier created by rising
waterswithmoderateenvironmentalconditions(seePractice
stream of air bubbles and entrained water, produced by
F625 for environmental descripters).
injecting air at some depth below water surface.
river boom (aka fast water boom)—boom intended for use in
currents greater than 1 knot.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
shore seal boom— boom that, when grounded, seals against
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F20.11 on Control.
the shoreline.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F818 – 93(2003). DOI:
silt barrier— boom with very deep skirt used to control the
10.1520/F0818-93R09.
movement of suspended sediments.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sorbent boom— sorbent material contained or arranged in the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. form of a long cylinder.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F818 − 93 (2009)
special purpose boom—boom that departs from the general lifting point— structural point on the end connector or along
characteristics of “fence type” and “curtain type” booms, the length of a boom section designed for the attachment of
either in design or intended use. a lifting device, such as a crane.
submersible boom— boom that normally resides on the membrane—continuous portion of a boom that serves as a
barrier to the movement of a substance.
seabed and is positioned by inflating with air, causing it to
rise to the water surface.
pressure inflated— inflatable boom that requires pressurized
gas for its flotation.
water jet barrier— barrier created by stream of pressurized
water spray directed across the water surface.
self-inflating— boom that automatically inflates as it is de-
ployed.
weir boom (aka skimming boom/barrier)—boom that has a
weir skimming device(s) built into its face.
skirt—continuous portion of the boom below the floats.
Components
solid flotation— boom that uses solid buoyant material for the
flotation element.
accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or in con-
junction with a boom system but not included with the basic
stiffener—component that provides support to the membrane.
boom and end connector; for example, lights, paravanes,
tension member— any component that carries horizontal
drogues,buoys,anchorsystems,storagebags,boxesorreels,
(axial) tension loads imposed upon the boom.
bulkhead connectors or repair kits, and so forth.
Characteristics
anchor point— structural point on the end connector or along
the length of a boom section designed for the attachment of
boom weight—dry weight of a fully assembled boom section
anchor or mooring lines.
including end connectors.
ancillary equipment—mechanical devices essential to the
compactibility—measureofaboom’sstoragevolumeperunit
operation of a given boom system; for example, air pumps, 3
length (m /m).
hydraulic power supplies, control manifolds, and so forth.
draft—minimum vertical depth of the membrane below the
ballast—weight applied to the skirt to improve boom perfor-
water line.
mance.
freeboard—minimum vertical height of the boom above the
bridle—device attached to a boom to distribute the load
waterline.
exerted by towing or anchoring the boom.
height—sum of draft and freeboard.
buoyancy chamber (aka flotation chamber)—enclosed com-
maximum draft— maximum vertical dimension of the
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