ASTM D3198-97

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3198 – 97
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Application and Removal Torque of Threaded or Lug-Style
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Closures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3198; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the application with a given 4.1 Representative specimens of a threaded or lug-style
torque of a threaded or lug-style closure to a container, and container are held in a torque-measuring device and either the
measures the torque required to unscrew the closure from a predetermined amount of torque is applied to its closure, or the
container. amount of torque necessary to loosen the closure is determined,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the or both.
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
5. Significance and Use
information only.
5.1 These torque measurements are of value in:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.1.1 Rating the performance of automatic capping ma-
chines,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 5.1.2 Measuring any tendency for threaded or lug-style
closures to loosen during storage or shipment of the package,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and
2. Referenced Documents
5.1.3 Measuring the force required to break hard plastic and
2.1 ASTM Standards: overturn or “strip” soft plastic and metal closures.
D 3474 Practice for The Calibration and Use of Torque 5.2 The method may be used to establish performance
2
Meters Used in Packaging Applications specifications.
3
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
6. Apparatus
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a
,
3 4 5
Measure of Quality for a Lot or Process 6.1 Torque Meter with a scale that will read with the
maximum point reading accuracy within the torque range
3. Terminology
expected to be measured (usea0to25 torque inch pounds-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: force (T.I.P.) torque meter for readings under 25 T.I.P., not a 0
3.1.1 application torque—the moment of a force or system to 100 T.I.P. torque meter).
of forces tending to cause rotation of a closure over the neck
7. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
finish of an appropriate container, causing the closure to be
7.1 The number of samples will depend on the desired
applied and secured to the container.
3.1.2 removal torque—the moment of a force or system of purpose for which this test is being run. However, for a given
set of samples, sufficient measurements shall be taken in
forces tending to cause rotation of an appropriate closure in a
direction opposite to that of application, causing the closure to accordance with established statistical sampling procedures in
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order to obtain consistent results.
be unsecured from its position on the neck finish of an
appropriate container. 7.2 Select unused closures, complete with liners, if appro-
priate, and unused containers, with the correct corresponding
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-10 on Owens-Illinois Torque Meters, or their equivalent, have been found satisfactory
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.31 on Child- for this test method. Available from Secure-Pak, Inc., 4009 Beachway Blvd., Toledo,
Resistant Packaging. OH 43614.
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Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Originally A digital or automated torque instrument, if used, will have an appropriate
published as D 3198 – 73. Last previous edition D 3198 – 91. design and scale capacity for the container/closure system to be evaluated. Torque
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. results will be available in either electronic display or printout formats.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Refer to Practices E 105 and E 122 for more specific information.
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NOTICE:¬This¬standard¬has¬either¬been¬superseded¬and¬replaced¬by¬a¬new¬version¬or
discontinued.¬Contact¬ASTM¬International¬(www.astm.org)¬for¬the¬latest¬information.¬
D 3198
TABLE 1 Special Atmospheres
of the cap is concentric with the center of the movable plate on
Relative which the container rests.
Environment Temperature, °C (°F)
Humidity, %
10.2.2 Grip the c
...